库尔勒香梨病虫害发生发展趋势及防治措施

库尔勒香梨是巴州的特色产品、支柱产业。随着其种植面积产量的不断增加，市场竞争也日趋激烈。因此提高对库尔勒香梨病虫害发生发展趋势的再认识及采取因地制宜的防治措施就显得尤其重要。作者通过多年的科研生产实践及对库尔勒周边香梨园的调查了解，基本掌握了库尔勒香梨病虫害发生发展趋势及防治措施，愿与同行共同探讨。     

出口基地库尔勒香梨综合配套栽培技术

生产绿色香梨是适应市场需求，增强库尔勒香梨在市场中竞争力，扩大出口创汇，不断增加农民收入，振兴地方经济的重要举措之一。近年来，我们在继续增加香梨面积的同时，把香梨品质的快速提高，切实把香梨产业做活、做强、做大，努力提高香梨的商品率，创库尔勒香梨品牌，把提高香梨在农民增收中的份额作为重要工作来抓。现将出口基地库尔勒香梨综合配套技术总结如下：     

基于卫星遥感数据的库尔勒香梨识别提取方法研究

针对目前国内利用卫星遥感数据的光谱特征及其植被指数对香梨识别提取方法鲜有研究的现状,探讨研究了Landsat8_OLI数据对不同树龄香梨的识别提取方法和实际应用。以库尔勒市中部的英下乡和沙依东园艺场为试验区域。采用多时相Landsat8_OLI数据。通过分析试验区内典型地物的光谱特征和植被指数的变化规律以及作物物候历的不同,选择不同树龄香梨树林遥感识别的最佳时相,利用决策树方法构建了不同树龄香梨树林的识别提取模型,实现了香梨种植面积的有效提取。结果表明:1香梨成林(种植5a以上的香梨树林)遥感提取效果较为满意,精度为93.51%,而香梨幼林由于受多种因素的影响,其提取精度只有78.79%,有待进一步研究;2 Landsat8_OLI数据具有较高的时空分辨率,是遥感识别提取库尔勒香梨的潜力数据源。     

库尔勒香梨套袋试验研究初报

果实套袋技术是提高果实商品性、减少农药残留量、增加果农经济效益的一项重要技术措施。近年来，这项技术已在苹果、梨、葡萄等果树生产上得到了广泛的应用。库尔勒香梨上虽然做过一些套袋试验，但还无成功的报道。为了给香梨套袋、生产无公害食品开辟一条成功之路，提高库尔勒香梨的商品价值，我们总结了以往的经验，于2002年进行了库尔勒香梨套袋实验研究工作，现将试验结果简介如下：     

库尔勒香梨振动信号调理电路的设计与验证

无损检测和分级是提高库尔勒香梨的市场竞争力的关键,基于振动频谱特性的无损检测技术能够实现库尔勒香梨的内部品质检测和分级。为了使振动频谱法检测库尔勒香梨坚实度的装置实现便携化应用,本研究针对香梨振动信号的特点,设计了由电荷放大电路、电压放大电路、低通滤波电路、高通滤波电路和电压偏置电路组成的信号调理电路。仿真和实验结果表明:该调理电路能够对香梨振动的微弱电荷信号进行有效的放大和滤波,所测得的信号与通用电荷放大器所获得的信号基本一致,两者输出信号的峰值平均值偏差在1%以内,调理电路背景噪声最大为1.5 m V。该调理电路体积小、成本低,有望在库尔勒香梨的无损检测研究中替代通用电荷放大器以实现检测装置的便携化应用。     

黄叶速克对库尔勒香梨黄化病防治效果试验报告

通过在库尔勒香梨上叶面喷施不同浓度的“黄叶速克”，观察分析“黄叶速克”在本地区对库尔勒香梨黄化病的防治效果，同时筛选出较为适宜的喷施浓度，为以后大面积示范推广提供科学依据。     

加强知识产权保护 做大做强库尔勒香梨产业

香梨是巴州特色农产品，截止到2005年底，巴州境域内香梨种植面积已达60多万亩，产量20万吨，产值近6亿元，香梨产业已经成为带动农民致富、推动农村发展的优势特色产业。特别是自治区在塔里木盆地建设1200万亩林果基地的发展规划，给库尔勒香梨产业发展带来了难得的机遇，但同时，库尔勒香梨产业发展也遇到了不少困难和实际问题。因此，要把香梨产业发展好，做大做强就必须实施品牌战略，加强知识产权保护，只有产权化才能产业化，要产业化必须产权化。     

常温下壳聚糖涂膜保鲜库尔勒香梨的研究

以壳聚糖为主剂,配制了一种新型、安全无毒的库尔勒香梨涂膜保鲜剂。用该保鲜剂对香梨进行保鲜试验,结果表明壳聚糖涂膜保鲜剂能明显减少失重,延缓衰老,保持较低的呼吸速率,维持了较高的叶绿素和维生素C含量。壳聚糖保鲜剂对库尔勒香梨有较好的保鲜效果。     

库尔勒香梨腐烂病、优斑螟防治新措施

库尔勒香梨属新疆名特产品，是巴州地区重要的农业支柱产业。全区香梨而积有40万亩，而腐烂病发生而积达20万亩，平均发病率50％，严重影响了香梨产业的发展。     

提高库尔勒香梨商品果率的几项措施

库尔勒香梨是巴州的名优特产品，以其汁多肉质酥脆，香甜可口，享誉国内外。近几年随着栽培面积的不断扩大，产量不断上升，市场对香梨的要求也越来越严格。如何生产出具有市场竞争能力的优质商品果，是摆在广大科研人员面前的新课题。我们通过几年的生产实践证明，要提高库尔勒香梨的商品果率，除加强肥水管理、合理的四季修剪和病虫害防治等常规果园管理外，尚需采取以下几个措施：     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.