长春新碱抗CD20免疫脂质体的制备及其对人B细胞淋巴瘤的靶向特异性杀伤作用研究

目的:利用单克隆抗体药物的靶向特异性,探索常规化疗药物长春新碱的免疫脂质体制剂制备方法.方法:通过逆向蒸发法制备空白脂质体,pH值梯度法包裹长春新碱,抗体修饰脂质体制备免疫脂质体制剂.采用流式细胞技术检测免疫脂质体对人B淋巴瘤细胞的靶向特异性.通过细胞增殖、细胞毒性实验来验证长春新碱免疫脂质体对人B淋巴瘤细胞的杀伤作用.结果:粒径分析表明,制备的空白脂质体平粒径在130nm左右,包裹长春新碱后脂质体平均粒径在140-150nm左右.流式细胞仪检测结果显示,抗CD20免疫脂质体对人B淋巴瘤细胞Romas和Raji细胞具有明显的靶向特异性.细胞增殖、细胞毒性实验表明,包裹长春新碱的抗CD20免疫脂质体较非免疫脂质体对人B淋巴瘤细胞杀伤效果更好.结论:获得了一种具有免疫靶向的长春新碱脂质体制剂的制备方法,初步的体外实验表明其在人B淋巴瘤治疗方向具有潜在的应用前景     

脂质体转移因子的制备及其活性研究

以转移因子为包裹对象，探讨提高脂质体肽类药物的包封率和减缓渗漏率的方法和条件，以及制备过程对活性的影响。采用逆相蒸发法制备、以正交试验设计筛选最佳配方组合，制备负电荷脂质体转移因子。通过巨噬细胞吞噬试验和E-玫瑰花结试验比较不同剂型、不同给药途径对小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果表明：负电荷脂质体转移因子包封率和稳定性均比其他文献报道的有较大的提高，包封率5次平均达43%，30d渗漏率12%，具有一定的稳定性；E-玫瑰花结试验显示：制备过程对转移因子活性无显著影响；巨噬细胞吞噬试验表明：不论注射或口服脂质体转移因子，均有提高机体免疫功能的作用，脂质体转移因子的药效优于游离转移因子。     

合成脂质对包封VB12脂质体性能的改进

脂质体被用于包裹DNA携带基因进行转移重组及作为药物载体·脂质体的制备研究主要集中在完善制备技术,提高包封率,降低泄漏率等方面·通过脂质体包裹VB12,作为VB12的给药载体,可能使药物成分缓慢释放,从而提高药效·1实验方法以卵磷脂、胆固醇为主料,使用反相蒸发法[1]制备大单     

叶酸修饰pH响应壳聚糖衍生物胶束的制备及性能表征

制备了叶酸（FA）、胆固醇琥珀酸单酯（CHS）共修饰的羟丙基壳聚糖衍生物（CHS-HPCHS-FA）,该衍生物在水中能够自组装形成粒径为200~400nm的胶束。研究了疏水片段CHS的取代度对胶束的临界胶束浓度、粒径、载药及释药性能的影响,分析了胶束pH响应控释药物的机理,结果表明,疏水片段取代度高的产物,其临界胶束浓度较低,形成的胶束粒径较小,载药效率较高。体外溶出结果显示,载药胶束在pH5.5条件下释药速率明显比pH7.4条件下更快,体现了pH响应控释药物的效果。体外细胞毒性实验结果表明,胶束的生物相容性较好,且叶酸修饰的载药胶束可增强肿瘤细胞的摄取,细胞毒性明显增大。     

反胶束法制备纳米微粒

概述了反胶束法制备纳米微粒的基本原理，介绍了反胶束中形成的纳米微粒的几种瓜方式及反胶束“水池”中纳米微粒的表征方法，并着重分析了反胶束法纳米微粒的影响因素，同时目前该领域的研究进展并邮对今后研究工作的展望 。     

脂质体研究综述

脂质体目前正处于蓬勃发展阶段,已经在很多方面显示出其巨大的应用潜力．介绍了脂质体的基本概念、形成机理和制备方法．两亲结构和自组装体的形成是脂质体形成的基础,研究自组装体的理论基础对于脂质体的制备具有重要的理论指导意义．     

L-半胱胺酸自组装膜修饰电极的制备及电化学表征

用不同制备方法得到了L-半胱胺酸自组装膜修饰电极，并采用不同的电化学方法表征了L-半胱胺酸自组装膜修饰电极。     

脂质体电化学发光免疫传感器用于人IgG的检测

实验构建了一种检测人免疫球蛋白G（人IgG）的竞争型免疫传感器.采用层层组装的方法将IgG抗体固定在金纳米粒子修饰的金电极表面,基于待测IgG与IgG抗原标记的、内部包裹Ru（bpy）23＋的脂质体之间的竞争,实现对人IgG的检测.结果表明,电化学发光强度与人IgG的浓度在0.1-3 ng/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为y=803.1-206.2x（ng/mL）（n=6,R=0.99）,检出限为0.05 ng/mL.对人血清中IgG检测,结果令人满意.     

聚乙二醇修饰白藜芦醇脂质体的特性及其抗肿瘤实验研究

为了探索聚乙二醇(PEG)修饰白藜芦醇(resveratrol,RES)脂质体对提高RES脂质体稳定性、药物包封率和抗肿瘤活性的有效性,通过声波水合法设计的正交实验确定了最高药物包封率的RES脂质体中卵磷脂与胆固醇的摩尔比为3∶1,卵磷脂与白藜芦醇的摩尔比为3∶1,该条件下样品经PEG-2000修饰后仍能保持300 nm左右的大小,6 d后仍具有较高的包封率。此外,以人白血病K562细胞为例对PEG修饰白藜芦醇脂质体(PEG-RES-LIP)的抗肿瘤活性进行了验证。实验表明,PEG-RES-LIP对K562细胞的最佳药物浓度和作用时间分别为120μg/mL和48 h,最高抑制率为85.9%±1.9%,RES-LIP对K562细胞的最高抑制率为67.3%±2.3%。研究结果表明,用聚乙二醇修饰RES脂质体可以有效提高RES脂质体的稳定性、药物包封率和抗肿瘤活性,从而提供了一种可以有效维持其稳定性和抗肿瘤活性的RES脂质体制备方法。     

温敏性双亲二元共聚物的研制

用己内酯改性丙烯酸酯和丙烯酸，通过自由基聚合制备了具有温敏性的双亲二元共聚物(PAFn)，PAFn在选择性溶剂中自组装得到了聚合物纳米胶束溶液．对PAFn及胶束进行了一系列表征，研究了聚合物浓度、单体比、n值的变化等对胶束粒径的影响。同时研究了它们在醇／水介质中的相转变行为，荧光测试显示，通过自组装途径获得的胶束在醇／水介质中存在一个温度敏感区，具有明显的相转变温度．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.