解双曲方程的一种高精度加权差分格式

利用一阶微商的四阶精度紧致差分逼近公式,给出了解双曲方程精度为o[(1-2θ△t,△t2+△x4)]的一种新的加权差分格式,并通过Fourier方法讨论格式的稳定性,证明了当0≤θ≤1/2时,格式是无条件稳定的;当1/2≤θ≤1时,格式是不稳定的,最后通过数值试验说明了这种方法的有效性.     

三维泊松方程基于Richardson外推的高精度多重网格解法

基于三维泊松方程的四阶紧致差分格式,利用Richardson外推法、算子插值法和多重网格算法,使已有四阶紧致差分格式的计算精度整体提高二阶,精度达到六阶.数值实验验证六阶格式的精确性和多重网格方法的有效性,并与四阶紧致差分格式多重网格方法的计算结果进行比较.     

解抛物型方程的一种高精度加权差分格式

利用二阶徽商的四阶精度紧致差分逼近公式，给出解抛物型方程精度为O[1－20）t，t2＋x4]的一种新的加权差分格式，并通过Fourier方法讨论格式的稳定性．证明了当1／2≤θ≤1时，格式是无条件稳定的；当0≤θ＜1／2时，只有r≤1／3（1－2θ），格式才是稳定的，其中θ是加权参数（因子），t，x分别为时空方向的网格长度，r=（D是二阶导数项系数）．     

三维双调和方程的高阶紧致差分格式及其多重网格方法

提出一类求解三维双调和方程的高精度紧致差分格式.该类格式是以泊松方程的高精度格式为基础的四阶精度19点紧致差分格式和六阶精度27点紧致差分格式.采用多重网格方法求解由高精度紧致差分格式所形成的代数方程组,并与低精度方法进行比较.讨论多重网格方法中不同松驰算子的迭代收敛效果.数值实验结果验证四阶紧致差分格式和六阶紧致差分格式的精度以及多重网格方法的可靠性和高效性.     

解抛物型方程的一族六点隐式差分格式

提出了求解一维抛物型方程的一族两层六点隐式格式.格式的截断误差为O(τ2+h4).利用Fourier方法证明了差分格式当1/2≤θ≤1时,格式绝对稳定;当0≤θ1/2时,只有r≤1/6(1-2θ),格式才是稳定的.数值试验表明,该族格式是有效的,且理论分析与实际计算相吻合.     

求解一类非线性偏微分方程的高精度紧致差分方法

针对一类非线性偏微分方程,提出了一种新的高精度紧致差分方法.首先对内部网格节点处的空间一阶和二阶导数项采用四阶精度的Padé紧致差分格式进行离散,然后对时间导数项采用泰勒级数展开并使用截断误差余项修正法进行离散,最终得到了求解该非线性方程的一种三层隐式高精度紧致差分格式,其截断误差为O(τ2+τh2+h4),即当τ=O(h2)时,该格式在空间上具有四阶精度.最后通过对广义Burgers-Fisher方程和广义Burgers-Huxley方程的数值求解,验证了本文方法的精确性和可靠性.     

求解二维热传导方程的高精度紧致差分方法

基于Richardson外推法提出了一种数值求解二维热传导方程的高阶紧致差分方法.该方法首先利用时间二阶、空间四阶精度的紧致交替方向隐式(ADI)差分格式在不同尺寸的网格上对原方程进行求解,然后利用Richardson外推技术外推一次,最终得到了二维热传导方程时间四阶、空间六阶精度的数值解,数值实验验证了该方法的高阶精度及有效性.     

求解扩散方程的一种高精度隐式差分方法

利用一阶微商和二阶微商的四阶紧致差分逼近公式,推导出了数值求解一维扩散方程的两种新的高精度隐式紧致差分格式,其截断误差分别为O(τ^2 h^4)和O(τ^4 h^4)．通过Fourier分析方法证明了格式O(τ^2 h^4)是无条件稳定的,而格式O(r^4 h^4)是无条件不稳定的．并且由于每一时间层上只用到了3个网格点,所以差分方程可采用追赶法直接进行求解．     

四阶紧致差分格式对三维网格计算特性的影响

为了研究四阶紧致差分格式对三维网格计算特性的影响,引进了一种推导斜压地转适应过程频散关系的通用方法,采用二阶中央差和四阶紧致差分格式从频率和群速度两个方面比较在各种三维网格上描述斜压地转适应过程产生误差的情况.结果表明,采用高精度的四阶紧致差分格式仅能提高三维网格C/LTS和EL/LTS的计算特性,而对其他几种三维网格的影响则不是正面的.四阶紧致差分格式在大气或海洋数值模式中应慎用.     

一种求解一维对流扩散方程的高精度紧致隐式差分格式

提出了数值求解一维非定常对流扩散方程的一种两层四阶紧致隐式差分格式,其截断误差为O（τ^2＋h^4）.采用von Neumann方法证明了格式是无条件稳定的,并且由于每一时间层上只用到了3个网格点,所以可直接采用追赶法求解差分方程.数值实验结果验证了该方法的精确性和可靠性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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