N—甲基—9—氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷—3—酮的合成

报导了亲杂螺化合物９－氮杂螺［５．５］十一烷－３－酮的合成。即以Ｎ－甲基－４－哌啶酮为原料，与对甲苯磺酰甲胩反应，转化为Ｎ－甲基－４－哌啶基甲腈２，２经水解、酯化、还原及氧化生成了Ｎ－甲基－４－哌啶基甲醛６，６与甲基乙烯酮在碱的催化作用下经迈克尔加成反应得到了Ｎ－甲基－９－氮杂螺［５．５］十一烯－３－酮７，最后加氢生成了目标物。     

螺［5．5］十一烷┐3┐酮的合成

研究了螺［５．５］十一烷－３－酮新的合成路线，即环己酮１经环氧化生成１－氧杂螺［２．５］辛烷２；２再与路易斯酸作用发生氢重排生成甲酰环己酮３；３与甲基乙烯酮在酸的催化下经迈克尔加成反应得到１－螺［５．５］十一烯－３－酮４；最后经加氢生成目的产物螺［５．５］十一烷－３－酮５，总收率为２８．９％，反应步骤少、操作简单     

硝酮与螺［5．5］－1－十一烯－3－酮的环加成反应

（Ｚ）－Ｎ一苯基－α－取代苯基硝酮与螺［５．５］－１－十一烯－３－酮的环加成反应，制得一种新的杂螺环及几个螺取代的异唑衍生物，经核磁谱确定只有一种区域选择异构体，两种几何异构体．并对３ｂ进行了ｘ－衍射结构分析，进一步证实了其立体构型．     

3－（5－甲基异恶唑－3－基）－4－芳酰基－1．2．4－三唑啉－5－巯基乙酸的合成

以３－（５－甲基异恶唑－３－基）－４－芳酰基－１．２．４－三唑啉－５－硫酮为原料，合成了８个新的３－（５－甲基异恶唑－３－基）－４－芳酰基－１．２．４－三唑啉－５－巯基乙酸类化合物，该化合物经ＩＲ，￣１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ和ＭＳ裂解碎片分析确定其结构。     

1－（4，7，10－三氮杂癸基）－2，8，9－三氧杂－5－氮杂－1－硅杂三环［3．3．3．O~（1，5）］十一烷的合成与光谱研究

由ｒ─氯丙基三氯硅烧经醇解、胺取代、醇交换等反应制得１－（４，７，１０－三氮杂癸基）－２，８，９－三氧杂－５－氮杂－１－硅杂［３．３．３．Ｏ１，５］十一烷．对该化合和光谱特征进行了表征，对质谱裂解机理进行了较详细地研究推导．     

2，5，7，9－四硝基－2，5，7，9－四氮杂双环［4，3，0］壬－8－酮的合成及其性能

以２，５，７，９－四氮杂双环［４，３，０］壬－８－酮盐酸盐为母体化合物，合成了一种多硝基氮杂环化合物２，５，７，９－四硝基－２，５，７，９．四氮杂双环［４，３，０］壬－８－酮，用核磁共振、质谱和元素分析进行了结构鉴定。研究了母体化合物在硝酸乙酸酐体系中的硝化反应和炸药的性能。     

3－乙酰基酚酮与TMB等芳醛缩合反应的研究

本文探讨了３－乙酰基酚酮与ＴＭＢ等芳香醛的羟醛缩合反应．３－乙酰基酚酮与ＴＭＢ、丁香醛、胡椒醛等取代醛反应分别生成３－［３，４，５－三甲氧基］肉桂酰基酚酮、３－［４－羟基－３，５－二甲氧基］肉桂酰基酚酮、３－［３，４－亚甲二氧基］肉桂酰基酚酮，与桂皮醛反应生成３－［５－苯基－２，４－戊二烯酰基］酚酮等四种新化合物．其结构经红外光谱、核磁共振谱及元素分析得以证实     

光致变色剂5－甲基螺噁嗪的改良合成

报道了先致变色剂５－甲基螺嗪的改良合成，关键中间体２，３，３，５－四甲基－３Ｈ－吲哚由相应芳胺经Ｍｏｈｌａｕ－Ｂｉｓｈｌｅｒ反应制备。所需原料３－溴－３－甲基－２－丁酮由相应酮在四氯化碳中，无催化剂条件下与溴反应制得。改进了由５－甲基费歇尔碱和１－亚硝基－２－萘酚制备目标分子的操作方法，对有关反应机理进行了探讨并研制出光致变色油墨。     

1－（N－哌啶甲基）－3－苯基－4－芳酰基－1，2，4－三唑啉－5－硫酮的合成

通过１－苯甲酰基－４－芳酰基氨基硫脲在碱性条件下环化脱水成为３－苯基－４－芳酰基－１，２，４－三唑啉－５－硫酮Ⅰ１～９．Ⅰ１～９与３７％甲醛溶液和六氢吡啶在二氧六环溶液中发生Ｍａｎｎｉｃｈ反应合成了９种新的１－（Ｎ－哌啶甲基）－３－苯基－４－芳酰基－１，２，３－三唑啉－５－硫硐Ⅱ１～９．所得１８种新化合物的结构经ＩＲ，１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ和ＭＳ鉴定．     

dl－樟脑双官能团衍生物的多环硫代磷酰胺酯的合成及生物活性

ｄｌ－樟脑经氧化、氨化或经肟化、还原，分别制得双官能基的１，２，２，－三甲基－１，３－环戊二胺５和１，７，７－三甲基－３－氨基双环［２．２．１］庚－２－醇９．化合物５和９分别与硫代磷酰二氯酯６发生关环反应，得到新型的多环硫代磷酰二胺酯７和硫代磷酰胺酯１０．本文合成化合物７１４个；化合物１０１７个．这些化合物大都具有一定的杀菌、除草或植物激素活性．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with