强化对流换热场协同唯象理论

根据现代热力学流与力的热力学线性唯象关系，导出了对流换热强度与流体中存在的各种内场及外场的关系，从唯象上阐明了降低热边界层厚度、增加流体优动和增加近壁面速度梯度的强化对流换热方法的物理机制。结果表明，强化对流换热的本质是控制内场和外场方向的协同，并从此可指导发展强化对流换热的新方法。     

碳酸乙烯酯合成过程的反应吸收多场协同分析及数值模拟

为提高尿素醇解法合成碳酸乙烯酯的收率,通过在酯化反应进行的同时吸收副产物氨气来实现全过程的强化.首先针对磷酸溶液中NH3鼓泡吸收的具体过程进行了多场协同分析,获得了反应吸收耦合过程强化的理论依据;进而运用流体体积函数多相流模型对单个NH3气泡的化学吸收过程进行了数值模拟.结果表明:受气膜传质控制的NH3化学吸收,实质上是气流速度场和压力梯度场共同作用的结果,传质效率直接受两场协同度的影响,该协同数不仅取决于两场标量值的大小,也取决于它们的矢量夹角,当夹角为0°时,场协同数最大,相应地对流传质系数就越大.在鼓泡吸收过程中,气液两相的流动促使NH3气泡内部气流形成由中心向四周发散的微小涡流,气流流场向着与相界面附近的压力梯度场达到最优协同度的方向发展,最大化了场协同数,有利于强化传质.     

离心泵作透平倾斜叶片主动降噪

为降低离心泵作透平流体诱发的内外场噪声,从同相位脉动水动力作用面积与辐射噪声的关系出发,建立了叶片倾斜角度关系式,提出了在保证性能前提下倾斜叶片的主动控制降噪方法.利用透平实验平台,对2组不同倾斜角度的透平进行了水力性能、内场噪声实验;在验证壳体有限元模型的基础上,基于有限元/自动匹配层进行了外场噪声数值研究.结果表明:倾斜叶片可以保持离心泵作透平的原有水力性能,大流量工况效率最高增加1.09个百分点;同时能够降低整体频段的总声能,内场总声压级降低0.07%~3.02%,外场总声功率级大流量工况降幅最大,降低约11.97%;内外场主要频率处的声压级也得到了不同程度的降低.     

EHD强化传热机理分析

通过综合国际上电水动力学ＥＨＤ（Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏ－Ｈｙｄｒｏｄｙｎａｍｉｃｓ）强化传热的最新研究成果，分析了在电场力作用下流体所受到的各种力及其对单相对流传热、沸腾传热和凝结传热的影响，给出了ＥＨＤ强化传热的基本方程，并对几个重要的影响因素进行了讨论，指出了ＥＨＤ强化传热的复杂性和研究方向．     

新型强化传热螺杆结构传热性能数值研究及场协同分析

利用CFD软件fluent对普通螺杆结构和新型强化传热螺杆结构在塑化计量段中的三维非等温流场进行数值模拟,研究两种结构流道内熔体的速度场、轴向和径向温度场、对流传热系数及场协同角的不同。结果表明：在塑化过程中,新型强化传热结构存在着径向的对流传质过程,加强了径向的对流传热,因此有较好的径向温度分布;新型结构较普通螺杆结构有较高的对流换热系数和较好的场协同性,从而加强了螺杆的对流传热。     

强化传递过程中场协同效应的机制及其控制

根据线性非平衡态热力学理论把传递过程中的流和力扩展为传递过程空间的流场和力场，通过各种场之间的恰当配合和相互作用强化传递过程定义为场协同。在线性非平衡热力学的流和力的唯象方程的基础上，本以热量和质量传递过程为例分析了传递过程中流场和力场之间的相互协同作用机制及其控制，提出了描述场之间作用的场协同因子，给出了传递过程强化的场协同分析的初步方法。     

二维凸肋通道中湍流动量与对流换热协同关系的分析

用数值计算的方法模拟了二维凸肋通道的流场和温度场，考察了不同肋高时充分发展湍流流动的热边界层中流体的温度梯度矢量与速度夹角对换热的影响，分析了二维加肋通道流的传热强化机理，提出了通过改变边界层来控制出纳感协同的方法，在湍流流场中进一步发展了场协同理论。     

强化传递过程中场协同效应的机制及其控制

根据线性非平衡态热力学理论把传递过程中的流和力扩展为传递过程空间的流场和力场,通过各种场之间的恰当配合和相互作用强化传递过程定义为场协同.在线性非平衡热力学的流和力的唯象方程的基础上,本文以热量和质量传递过程为例分析了传递过程中流场和力场之间的相互协同作用机制及其控制,提出了描述场之间作用的场协同因子,给出了传递过程强化的场协同分析的初步方法.     

场协同原理在强化换热与脉管制冷机性能改进中的应用(上)

简要地介绍了场协同原理的基本思想，综述了文献中应用数值分析方法讨论场协同原理在强化单相对流换热分析中的应用情况，说明场协同原理可以将现有文献中关于强化单相对流换热的3种说法统一起来，因而是强化单相对流换热的统一理论。     

水和水基磁性流体池沸腾传热的对比实验研究

对水和水基磁性流体进行了池沸腾传热的对比实验研究，以此来确定水基磁性流体的沸腾传热效果．实验结果显示，相同热流密度时，水基磁性流体的沸腾换热系数要比水至少增强2倍，且随热流密度的增加，其强化沸腾换热的能力增大．施加磁场后进一步强化磁性流体增强沸腾传热的效果，增强倍数可超过5倍。     

Physical quantity synergy in laminar flow field of convective heat transfer and analysis of heat transfer enhancement

Based on the principle of field synergy for heat transfer enhancement, the concept of physical quantity synergy in the laminar flow field is proposed in the present study according to the physical mechanism of convective heat transfer between fluid and tube wall. The synergy regulation among physical quantities of fluid particle is revealed by establishing formulas reflecting the relation between synergy angles and heat transfer enhancement. The physical nature of enhancing heat transfer and reducing flow resistance, which is directly associated with synergy angles α,β,γ,φ,θ and ψ; is also explained. Besides, the principle of synergy among physical quantities is numerically verified by the calculation of heat transfer and flow in a thin cylinder-interpolated tube, which may guide the optimum design for better heat transfer unit and high-efficiency heat exchanger.     

强化能量传输与转换过程-场协同与控制

给出了对流换热中速度场与温度场协同的一般公式并推广到湍流情况，阐明了强化对流热传输的物理机制。将场协同原理扩展到经典物理学与近代物理学中，并以实例说明场协同原理是强化能量传递与转换过程的一般原理。     

Optimization of flue gas convective heat transfer with condensation in a rectangular channel

Conservation equations of sensible entarnsy and latent entransy are established for flue gas convective heat transfer with condensation in a rectangular channel and the entransy dissipation expression is deduced. The field synergy equation is obtained on the basis of the extremum entransy dissipation principle for flue gas convective heat transfer with condensation. The optimal velocity field is numerically obtained by solving the field synergy equation. The results show that the optimal velocity field has multiple longitudinal vortices, which improve the synergy not only between the veloctiy and temperature fields but also between the velocity and vapor concentration fields. Therefore, the convective heat and mass transfers are significantly enhanced. Flow with multiple longitudinal vortices close to the optimal velocity field can be generated by discrete double-inclined ribs set in the rectangular channel. The numerical results show that the total heat transfer rate in the discrete double-inclined rib channel increases by 29.02% and the condensing heat transfer rate increases by 27.46% for Re = 600 compared with the plain channel.     

Physical quantity synergy in the field of turbulent heat transfer and its analysis for heat transfer enhancement

Based on the principle of physical quantity synergy in the field of laminar heat transfer, and according to the models of zero equation and k-ε two equations for the turbulent flow, the synergy equations for both energy and momentum conservation in the turbulent heat transfer are established. The synergy regulation among heat flux, mass flow and fluid driving force, and the mechanism of heat transfer enhancement it reflects are revealed. The synergy principle of physical quantity in the thermal flow field is extended from laminar flow to turbulent flow. The principle is verified to be universal by the calculation of heat transfer enhancement in a tube with an insert of helical twisted tape. Thus, corresponding to the synergy relation among physical quantities in the turbulent flow field, the performance of convective heat transfer and flow resistance for the tubes with different heat transfer components and surface can be compared through theoretical and computational analysis, which thereby provides a guidance for designing heat transfer units and heat exchangers.     

场协同原理强化管外降膜吸收传热特性实验研究

对基于场协同原理设计的两种强化传热管型进行了LiBr降膜吸收水蒸气过程的传热实验研究,并与光滑铜管作比较,考查该传热管型在吸收过程中的强化作用.实验测量参数包括;溶液进出口温度、浓度,流量,冷却水进出口温度、流量等.实验结果表明,两种强化传热管型在低雷诺数时对LiBr降膜吸收传热的强化比分别为20%和50%,而且随着雷诺数的增大而增大.利用场协同理论和降液膜流动的波动特性分析了强化降膜吸收过程传热特性的物理机制,发现速度矢量与温度梯度的夹角及降液膜厚度形成的阻力对对流换热有一定影响.     

The extremum principle of mass entransy dissipation and its application to decontamination ventilation designs in space station cabins

In terms of the analogy between mass and heat transfer phenomena, a new physical quantity, i.e. mass entransy, is introduced to represent the ability of an object for transferring mass to outside. Meanwhile, the mass entransy dissipation occurs during mass transfer processes as an alternative to measure the mass transfer irreversibility. Then the concepts of mass entransy and its dissipation are used to develop the extremum principle of mass entransy dissipation and the corresponding method for convective mass transfer optimization, based on which an Euler＇s equation has been deduced as the optimization equation for the fluid flow to obtain the best convective mass transfer performance with some specific constraints. As an example, the ventilation process for removing gaseous pollutants in a space station cabin with a uniform air supply system has been optimized to reduce the energy consumption of the ventilation system and decrease the contaminant concentration in the cabin. By solving the optimization equation, an optimal air velocity distribution with the best decontamination performance for a given viscous dissipation is firstly obtained. With the guide of this optimal velocity field, a suitable concentrated air supply system with appropriate air inlet position and width has been designed to replace the uniform air supply system, which leads to the averaged and the maximum contaminant concentrations in the cabin been decreased by 75% and 60%, respectively, and the contaminant concentration near the contaminant source surface been decreased by 50%, while the viscous dissipation been reduced by 30% simultaneously.     

Field synergy principle of heat and mass transfer

Simultaneous heat and mass transfer widely exists in nature and engineering, and it is of vital importance to enhance heat and mass transfer efficiency. In this paper, field synergy equation of heat and mass transfer is derived from its energy equation. Results show that the total transferred heat （including the conducted heat and the heat transferred by mass diffusion through the heat transfer interface） is determined by the values of fluid velocity and enthalpy gradient as well as the value of synergy angle α of velocity vector and enthalpy gradient field. Decreasing the value of α enhances the heat and mass transfer. This means the higher the synergy of velocity vector and enthalpy gradient field, the higher the total transferred heat. By the synergy principle of heat and mass transfer, some methods may be developed to improve the heat and mass transfer efficiency.