BGC-823细胞中慢病毒途径针对HIF-1α基因的RNAi实验

目的：构建人HIF-1α基因的shRNA慢病毒载体、包装生产重组慢病毒颗粒,病毒途径高效感染胃癌细胞株BGC-823,并验证基因沉默效率。方法：在NCBI数据查找人HIF-1α基因序列,然后使用siRNA在线设计软件,设计针对基因CDS区的3条siRNA序列及Negative序列。根据设计好的siRNA序列设计双链互补的shRNA-Oligo DNA,退火形成双链后与线性化载体链接,构建shRNA重组表达载体。经由293TN细胞包装shRNA重组慢病毒颗粒,随后使用重组病毒感染BGC-823,通过荧光标记蛋白GFP确定感染效率后收集细胞样本,分别采用Real-time PCR和Western blot方法检测靶基因在mRNA和蛋白质水平的沉默效率。结果：shRNA重组表达载体测序结果与设计序列完全一致,包装病毒后滴度达到1×104 ifu/μL。慢病毒感染BGC-823细胞取得了极高的基因转导效率。mRNA检测结果显示,siRNA3对于对与目的基因的沉默效果最好,较阴性对照序列组相比较,mRNA的表达量下降了92%,Western blot检测的结果与mRNA检测结果完全相符合。结论：通过慢病毒途径,可以在BGC-823细胞中高效的进行HIF-1α基因的沉默。     

盐酸戊乙奎醚对大鼠心肌微血管内皮细胞缺氧/复氧后的保护作用

目的：从细胞水平建立大鼠心肌微血管内皮细胞缺氧/复氧模型，观察了盐酸戊乙奎醚对心肌微血管内皮细胞的H/R损伤的保护作用。方法：实验采用酶消化法进行细胞的原代培养，1：2传代。采用荧光标记乙酰化Dil-Ac-LDL的方法鉴定。培养的细胞随机分为4组，①对照组，常氧环境下培养，不给予任何处理；②H/R组，改培养液为D-Hank,s液，于37℃、5%CO2、95%N2 密闭缺氧鑵内培养2h后，弃D-Hank,s液，改为完全培养液，放入常氧培养箱中继续培养4h;③PHC预处理组，在细胞缺氧2h前给予PHC（终浓度为0.1μm•L-1）预处理，④H/R +PHC组，在细胞H/R后，给予PHC（终浓度为0.1μm•L-1）孵育2h。MTT自动比色法测细胞活力，流式细胞法检测细胞凋亡。结果：①成功培养大鼠心肌微血管内皮细胞，用荧光标记乙酰化Dil-Ac-LDL的方法鉴定为微血管内皮细胞。②成功制备出微血管内皮细胞的H/R模型 将试验细胞培养液改为D-Hank,s 液，置于37℃、5%CO2、92%N2 密闭缺氧罐中环缺氧2h，后改为完全培养液放入常氧培养箱中继续培养4h可制备出微血管内皮细胞的I/R模型。③. H/R组细胞死亡率和凋亡率与对照组相比明显增高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01），PHC+H/R组的细胞死亡率和凋亡率下降，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,H/R+PHC组与对照组相比，虽然细胞的死亡率和凋亡率有所下降，但差异没有统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：PHC预处理对大鼠微血管内皮细胞的H/RI有保护作用。 关键词：盐酸戊乙奎醚；心肌微血管内皮细胞；缺氧/复氧     

盐酸戊乙奎醚对大鼠心肌微血管内皮细胞缺氧/复氧后的保护作用

为从细胞水平建立大鼠心肌微血管内皮细胞缺氧/复氧模型,观察了盐酸戊乙奎醚对心肌微血管内皮细胞的H/R损伤的保护作用.实验采用酶消化法进行细胞的原代培养,1∶ 2传代.采用荧光标记乙酰化Dil-Ac-LDL的方法鉴定.培养的细胞随机分为4组;①对照组,常氧环境下培养,不给予任何处理;② H/R组,改培养液为D-Hank,s液,于37℃、5%CO2、95%N2 密闭缺氧鑵内培养2 h后,弃D-Hank,s液,改为完全培养液,放入常氧培养箱中继续培养4 h;③ PHC预处理组,在细胞缺氧2 h前给予PHC(终浓度为0.1 μm·L-1)预处理,④ H/R +PHC组,在细胞H/R后,给予PHC(终浓度为0.1 μm·L-1)孵育2 h.MTT自动比色法测细胞活力,流式细胞法检测细胞凋亡.结果是:① 成功培养大鼠心肌微血管内皮细胞,用荧光标记乙酰化Dil-Ac-LDL的方法鉴定为微血管内皮细胞.② 成功制备出微血管内皮细胞的H/R模型将试验细胞培养液改为D-Hank,s 液,置于37℃、5%CO2、92%N2 密闭缺氧罐中环缺氧2 h,后改为完全培养液放入常氧培养箱中继续培养4 h,可制备出微血管内皮细胞的I/R模型.③ H/R组细胞死亡率和凋亡率与对照组相比明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),PHC+H/R组的细胞死亡率和凋亡率下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),H/R+PHC组与对照组相比,虽然细胞的死亡率和凋亡率有所下降,但差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05).结论是:PHC预处理对大鼠微血管内皮细胞的H/RI有保护作用.     

表达Kallistatin的9型重组腺相关病毒的制备及其体外表达效率

采用三质粒磷酸钙共转染生产系统,制备出可以表达内源性抗肿瘤血管生成因子(Kallistatin)的9型重组腺相关病毒(rAAV2/9)和2型重组腺相关病毒(rAAV2/2).rAAV经银染法鉴定其纯度;采用WesternBlotting法比较rAAV2/9和rAAV2/2外壳蛋白的大小;qPCR方法检测rAAV的滴度.使用rAAV2/9-Kal-listatin和rAAV2/2-Kallistatin分别感染人脐静脉血管内皮细胞(HUVEC)后,RT-PCR和ELISA法分别检测Kallistatin的mRNA和蛋白表达水平.结果表明:纯化的病毒纯度达到98%以上;rAAV9外壳蛋白比rAAV2的大.感染HUVEC后,rAAV2/9介导Kallistatin在mRNA和蛋白表达水平都要比rAAV2/2高.     

牛轮状病毒的分离与细胞培养特性

探讨牛轮状病毒(BRV)的细胞培养方法,为研发诊断试剂盒和疫苗提供依据.将RT-PCR阳性样品在MA-104细胞及Vero细胞上进行培养,盲传4代后MA-104细胞出现病变(CPE),主要表现为细胞脱落,出现拉网现象,部分出现死亡.这表明轮状病毒能够在MA-104细胞上生长,并引起细胞病变;而Vero细胞无病变.用胰酶处理的病毒接种MA-104细胞,用含2μg/mL、3μg/mL和5μg/mL三种(A、B和C)不同浓度胰酶的培养液在MA-104和Vero细胞对犊牛轮状病毒传代培养.将分离培养的病毒经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,结果表明BRV在C组培养液中分离培养最好,聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳图显示病毒核酸呈4∶2∶3∶2排列,与参考株NCDV相似,呈典型A群轮状病毒的特征.     

亚砷酸钠对NIT-1细胞增殖及胰岛素基因表达的影响

为了观察亚砷酸钠(NaAsO2)对胰岛β细胞NIT-1增殖及胰岛素(Insulin)基因表达的影响,本实验使用不同浓度的NaAsO2(1,2,4,8,16和32μmol/L)分别不同时间(24h和48h)作用于NIT-1细胞,以MTT法检测细胞的增殖活性,RT-PCR方法检测Insulin mRNA的表达。结果显示:1)NaAsO2对NIT-1细胞增殖活性的影响:当NaAsO2浓度小于2μmol/L的时候轻度促进NIT-1细胞增殖(P0.05)。当NaAsO2浓度大于4μmol/L时抑制细胞增殖(P0.01),细胞增殖抑制率随NaAsO2浓度的增加及作用时间的延长而增加(P0.01)。2)NaAsO2(1,4和8μmol/L)对NIT-1细胞Insulin mRNA的表达的影响:作用24h,各剂量组InsulinmRNA表达降低,其中8μmol/L组与对照组比差异有统计学意义;作用48h,各剂量组Insulin mRNA表达降低,其中4μmol/L组和8μmol/L组与对照组比差异有统计学意义。由此可得出砷对NIT-1细胞增殖及Insulin基因表达的影响与作用时间、剂量有关,Insulin mRNA表达水平的改变可能是砷影响胰岛β细胞功能进而引发糖尿病的机制之一。     

铁氰化钴/铁复合膜修饰电极的制备及应用

采用电化学方法制备了铁氰化钴/铁(Fe/CoHCF)复合膜修饰电极,研究了该修饰电极的电化学性质及其电催化活性,实验表明该复合物不是铁氰化钴与普鲁士蓝(PB)的简单混合物,而是钴、铁共沉积形成的多核铁氰化物.该修饰电极对H2O2具有良好的电化学响应,安培法测定H2O2的线性范围为5.0×10 7～3.7×10 3mol.L 1,检测限(3sb,n=11)为2.0×10 7mol.L 1,灵敏度为44.5μA.(mmol.L 1)1.该法已用于模拟水样中H2O2含量的测定,结果满意.     

siRNA沉默DNA甲基化转移酶1基因干扰胎牛成纤维细胞增殖和凋亡（英文）

为阐明Dnmt1-siRNA对胎牛成纤维细胞(FBFCs)的影响,设计了3种针对Dnmt1的siRNA来转染FBFCs.结果显示:Dnmt1-siRNA3转染FBFCs 24,48,72 h后,Dnmt1 mRNA表达水平显著降低(P0.01).在转染后48 h,siRNA3对Dnmt1抑制效率达到近80%,Dnmt1-siRNA3处理的FBFCs增殖也受到显著影响,FBFC细胞活力下降、处于G0/G1过渡期细胞数量增多(P0.05).但Dnmt1-siRNA3组FBFC细胞的凋亡率也显著增加(P0.05).说明通过Dnmt1特异性siRNA能够有效地敲低FBFC中的Dnmt1 mRNA表达量,由于细胞周期分布变化,siRNA处理后FBFC作为核供体能提高SCNT的效率.     

扁塑藤素对非小细胞肺癌增殖及线粒体膜电位的调节作用

目的 分析扁塑藤素对体内外非小细胞肺癌增殖及线粒体膜电位的调节作用,初步探讨扁塑藤素的抑瘤增殖效果及可能机制.方法 将适量的扁塑藤素提取物分别作用于非小细胞肺癌细胞系(A549及H226)及动物模型(BALB/c裸鼠),应用MTT方法测定其细胞存活率,应用细胞集落实验检测其长期毒性作用.制备A549非小细胞肺癌裸鼠模型,测定PTM对移植瘤体积及湿重的生长抑制.应用流式细胞术测定PTM共培养后细胞线粒体膜电位.结果 与空白对照组比较,A549和H226两组细胞随PTM剂量的增加及共培养时间的延长细胞的平均存活率显著降低.与对照组(PTM:0μmol/L)比较,0.1μmol/L组A549及H226的细胞集落形成均受到抑制,并且0.2μmol/L组的细胞集落形成抑制更为明显.PTM腹腔内注射治疗第7天,PTM 2 mg/kg治疗组的移植瘤(A549)体积抑制作用优于PTM 1 mg/kg治疗组(P<0.05).湿重对比分析结果显示:PTM 2mg/kg治疗组移植瘤湿重低于空白组及PTM 1 mg/kg治疗组(P<0.05).流式细胞术测定结果显示:PTM(8μmol/L)对各组细胞(A549和H226)作用时间持续3 h即可导致细胞线粒体膜电位下降,持续6 h时线粒体膜电位下降更为明显,提示PTM作用时长与细胞(A549和H226)线粒体膜电位呈负性相关.结论 PTM对体内外非小细胞肺癌(A549和H226)的细胞抑制作用存在剂量和时间依赖性,并初步证明PTM具有诱导细胞线粒体去极化的作用.     

靶向survivin基因的shRNA慢病毒载体的构建及其对膀胱癌EJ细胞凋亡的影响

目的:构建survivin基因特异性shRNA慢病毒干扰载体,转染膀胱癌EJ细胞,研究survivin基因在膀胱癌细胞株中的表达抑制情况,观察survivin shRNA慢病毒载体对EJ细胞凋亡的影响.方法:以survivin基因为靶标设计shRNA干扰序列,克隆至p SIH1-H1-cop GFP慢病毒载体.干扰载体鉴定正确后转染膀胱癌细胞株EJ细胞,荧光显微镜下观察GFP表达情况,实时荧光定量PCR检测survivin基因mRNA含量变化,Western blotting法检测survivin蛋白表达,Annexin V-FITC/PI双染法检测EJ细胞凋亡情况.结果:PCR扩增鉴定、DNA测序证实survivin慢病毒干扰载体构建成功;EJ细胞经干扰载体处理后,EJ细胞survivin基因mRNA水平下调了73.33%,蛋白表达受到显著抑制,EJ细胞凋亡率达到24.39%.结论:成功构建了靶向survivin基因的shRNA重组慢病毒干扰载体,可以显著降低转染细胞survivin基因的表达水平,并有效提高膀胱癌细胞凋亡率.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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