物联网在配电设备巡查及状态监测中的应用

阐述了物联网及智能电网的定义,以及物联网在配电设备的巡检及状态监控中的应用,以配电设备的巡检、状态监测为研究背景,采用射频技术采集配电设备信息,手持终端对巡检人员跟踪,手动录入配电设备信息,通过物联网的信息应用层对设备状态评估,提出了感知层、数据应用层、信息应用层的体系架构。     

基于FPGA的配电变压器在线监测及故障诊断系统设计与实现

基于FPGA灵活实现电路的运行方式功能构建出10 kV配电变压器在线监测及故障诊断系统设计,本文主要实现对电力变压器绕组温度、电压、电流、功率因数、频率及外部环境参数的数据采集实现对10 kV配电变压器在线监测,并根据其采集的参数,利用FPGA对数据的分析确定配电变压器是否处于正常运行状态.而且该系统可以通过RS232串口或RS485通信接口实现与上位机的通讯,从而使配电变压器得到很好的集中管理.最终,管理控制中心如果得到变压器的运行异常情况,能够实现其快速处理,从而有效的保障了10 kV配电变压器安全可靠运行.该系统具有精度高、稳定性好、经济实用以及可视化程度高等特点,可以满足很多实际项目的需要.     

电力变压器状态评估的加权灰靶心度分析法

针对电力变压器状态评估采用极大值极性不能正确评估正常运行状态的问题,提出一种采用加权灰靶心度算法根据电力变压器油中溶解气体含量数据以正常运行状态为标准模式的电力变压器状态评估方法。在对电力变压器状态按程度分级统计资料的基础上,提出了5级分级策略;根据电力变压器故障标准谱采用灰贡献度分析法研究确定了电力变压器油中溶解气体的权重;依据电力变压器油中溶解气体之间此消彼长的关系,提出了以正常状态为标准模式的电力变压器状态评估的加权灰靶心度分析方法,克服了采用极大值极性不能评估正常状态的问题。实验表明,该方法更符合电力变压器状态评估的实际情况,是一种科学有效的评估方法。     

油浸式大型电力变压器表面温度预测模型

为了早期发现油浸式电力变压器长期连续运行时可能存在的温升异常问题,该文提出了一种新的油浸式电力变压器表面温度预测模型,可以预测出变压器表面的正常温度。通过比较预测值与实测值的误差来预知变压器表面温度是否存在异常,进而判断变压器运行状态是否正常。预测模型参数是基于现场数据采用偏最小二乘法估计出来的,克服了传统最小二乘法参数估计结果不稳定的问题。并且从传热学原理、预测误差的均值、方差及其正态分布性等方面,合理地选择用于参数估计的数据长度。用该模型计算分析了一年的现场数据,预测结果表明该模型是正确、有效的。     

配电边缘物联网网络预警及自愈方案

配电物联网是电力物联网建设中的最后一个环节，由于具有供电路径短、负荷密度大等特点，保护和控制的难度很大，需要建立完善的配电网预警和自愈策略，形成运行方式灵活、故障预警及时、故障自愈完善的智能配电网。为此，文中提出了适用于配电物联网边缘网络固件的安全防御技术框架，对存在边缘设备中的各固件可靠性矩阵进行保护，边缘设备通过边缘服务器相互连接，形成了具备安全预警及自愈能力的配电边缘物联网技术方案。最后，通过不同环境下的模拟实验验证了文中方案的可行性。     

基于GPRS技术的配电变压器监控系统终端设计

为了采集、分析和处理配电变压器的参数，选用高精度的参数采集模块、高性能微处理器和西门子无线通信模块来设计终端监测器，实现配电变压器当前状态、历史曲线（数据）的查询、远程监控以及报警等多种功能．实际运行结果表明：该监控器功能齐全，性能稳定，布线简单，是配电变压器智能化、网络化的理想设备．     

基于物元理论的电力变压器状态综合评估

实现电力变压器状态评估是提高变压器运行可靠性，为状态维修提供合理决策的重要手段，长期使用的静态评估方法已经不适应现代输变电技术发展．针对模糊综合评估方法的缺点，应用基于物元理论的变压器状态综合评估方法，在对变压器指标进行量化的基础上，定性和定量的评估变压器的运行状态．同时采用改进的层次分析法不需要进行一致性检验，能够合理、快速地给出各指标权重，从而提高了评估的准确性．经实例分析证明，基于物元理论的变压器状态评估方法是合理和有效的．     

采用改进回归型支持向量机的滚动轴承剩余寿命预测方法

为准确评估滚动轴承运行状态、预测其性能退化趋势以及剩余寿命,提出一种改进回归型支持向量机(SVR)的滚动轴承寿命预测方法。提取轴承信号的时域和时频域特征,通过主成分分析(PCA)方法将特征指标融合成一个归一化综合指标来表征轴承运行状态;利用特征指标和综合指标构建训练和预测向量数据集,结合差分进化灰狼群算法(DEGWO)确定最优惩罚参数和径向基函数(RBF)核参数并构建回归型支持向量机模型;将预测数据集输入到DEGWO算法优化的SVR模型中得到轴承状态评估指标的预测值,实现轴承剩余寿命的预测。利用IEEE PHM 2012数据集验证所提方法的有效性,并将其结果与灰狼群算法(GWO)优化的SVR、网格搜索算法(GSA)优化的SVR和长短期记忆神经网络(LSTM)模型所得结果进行对比分析。仿真结果表明：与其他方法相比,采用所提方法得到的轴承剩余寿命预测均方误差分别降低了44.74%、66.67%、77.27%,决定系数则分别提高了7.25%、20.72%、11.94%,该结果说明了所提方法在轴承剩余寿命预测应用方面的优越性。     

采用趋势状态分析的风机齿轮箱状态在线评估云模型

为预防风机齿轮箱严重故障的发生,提出了一种结合正态云模型和趋势状态分析法的齿轮箱状态评估模型.首先,基于数据采集与监控(SCADA)系统的历史数据,采用支持向量机方法建立齿轮箱运行温度预测模型,对齿轮箱不同状态下的趋势预测特征进行分析,求取正常和异常状态时预测值的相对误差序列.然后,采用改进无确定度逆向正态云发生器,利用所求取的相对误差序列提取正常云和异常云的数字特征,构建齿轮箱状态评估云模型.该模型能够根据风机SCADA系统的实测数据,求取齿轮箱当前状态对正常云和异常云的贴近度,并采用最大贴近度原则确定齿轮箱状态.最后,利用辽宁某风机齿轮箱的实测数据对所提模型进行验证.结果表明:该模型能够对齿轮箱的早期缺陷及时预警,达到实时监测的目的.     

油浸式电力变压器运行状态评估

电力变压器是电网最重要的设备之一,其可靠运行对电网维持安全稳定意义重大。如何有效、准确地评估电力变压器当前运行状态,追踪其状态劣化过程,是有效实现基于设备状态维修管理的重要条件。基于此,总结了与变压器运行状态密切相关的各项状态量指标参数,提出了追踪变压器运行状态的分析评估方法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.