沸石填料BAF和组合填料BAF启动挂膜对比试验(英文)

不同填料曝气生物滤池在相同条件下进行挂膜实验.进水流向为上流式,挂膜方式为复合接种挂膜,即先用活性污泥闷曝接种,然后逐步提高进水流速,直到滤料表面形成稳定的生物膜.结果表明,33 d后挂膜成功,在温度为16～24℃,水力停留时间(HRT)为1 h,DO为6 mg/L的情况下,沸石BAF的去除率分别为27%和84%;组合填料BAF去除效果最好,去除率分别为32%和92%.     

A^2／O滤床生活污水净化槽的特性研究

根据家庭生活污水的特点,开发了一种联合厌氧和好氧生物膜处理工艺的小型一体化生活污水净化槽.通过冷模实验,调查了系统中各部分的流体流动特性,对选定的聚乙烯多孔波纹板填料分别进行好氧和厌氧微生物的驯化、挂膜,观察了生物膜的成熟及其经时变化情况.实验表明:厌氧区流体流动呈现出较好的平推流特性,而好氧区表现出混合流的特性;滤床填料挂膜后启动十分便利,各区域中对污水都具有较好的去除能力,出水的水质达到国家污水排放一级标准,其中:CODCr<60 mg/L,去除率>86.9%;BOD5<20 mg/L,去除率>97.4%;浊度去除率>97.7%.     

脱硫生物膜滴滤塔启动实验研究

探讨影响脱硫生物膜滴滤塔挂膜启动的工艺参数.采用塔内接种和塔内挂膜实验,研究多面空心球填料生物膜滴滤塔的启动过程.实验结果表明,生物膜滴滤塔在挂膜启动期间,生物膜增量、填料床压力损失、SO2去除率可以作为衡量滴滤塔挂膜启动完成的综合评价指标.挂膜初期,进口气体流量和培养液温度对挂膜影响较大,当流量为0.1m3/h,温度为25℃时,有利于提高挂膜效果,降低经济费用.生物膜滴滤塔连续运行19d后启动成功.     

组合塑料碳素纤维生物膜技术处理景观水体的研究

对一种新型组合碳素纤维填料应用到生物膜技术中进行了研究,探讨其对于富营养化景观水体的净化效果及最佳填充量。首先采用污水厂的活性污泥进行曝气挂膜,待挂膜成熟后,在温度25℃左右,曝气量2. 5 L/min条件下对比填料在0. 1、0. 3、0. 6、0. 9、1. 2 g/L等不同膜填充量下净水效果,探讨该组合材料处理景观水体的最佳膜填充量。结果表明:新型组合材料在膜填充量分别为0. 1、0. 3、0. 6、0. 9、1. 2 g/L时COD_(cr)去除率分别为81. 33%、88. 33%、91. 67%、98. 33%、81. 67%; TN去除率分别为42. 32%、45. 61%、53. 13%、60. 01%、44. 48%; TP去除率41. 51%、79. 39%、83. 76%、80. 12%、74. 29%。研究表明,该组合填料最佳膜填充量为0. 9 g/L,对富营养化水体中的COD_(cr)、TN、TP有良好的去除效果,是一种高效的新型水处理材料。     

膜气体吸收法分离混合气中的苯

采用自行设计的膜气体吸收-减压膜蒸馏组合工艺装置,以N-甲酰吗啉(NFM)水溶液为吸收剂,疏水性多孔聚丙烯中空纤维膜组件(HEPPM)为膜接触器,研究膜气体吸收法分离C6H6/N2混合气性能,考察含苯废气流量、质量浓度,吸收剂流量、NFM体积分数、温度及负载对分离效果的影响。实验结果表明:在NFM体积分数为40%,含苯废气质量浓度为3.6~9.6 mg/L,吸收剂流量为15~75 m L/min,含苯废气流量为50~300 m L/min条件下,苯的去除率为52.8%~99.3%,总体积传质系数为0.008~0.026 s-1;采用膜气体吸收法分离C6H6/N2混合气具有较高的分离效率和较快的传质速率。     

地衣芽孢杆菌海水生化需氧量传感器研究

用经海水驯化的地衣芽孢杆菌作响应菌株,采用夹层膜法制作固定化微生物膜,以氧电极为换能器制成BOD生物传感器;以空白海水为底液,传感器在BOD质量浓度为0～27mg/L范围内线性相关系数r=0.99978,对BOD质量浓度为4.31mg/L的GGA溶液连续平行测定7次,相对标准偏差为2.56%。     

南美白对虾养殖海水陶瓷膜超滤和絮凝超滤研究

以渤海黄骅地区南美白对虾养殖用海水为研究对象,通过陶瓷膜超滤和絮凝超滤处理研究,摸索出陶瓷膜超滤养殖用海水工艺条件.①对于普通汪子砂滤海水(TOC=18.55～20.05 mg/L),保持膜通量134 L·m~(-2)·h~(-1)时超滤,20 min恒流运行,跨膜压差0.04～0.062 MPa;当膜通量保持223 L·m~(-2)·h~(-1),跨膜压差0.10～0.12 MPa,12 s反洗可以恢复膜通量.经陶瓷膜超滤后TOC去除率47.16%,UV254去除率1.10%,弧菌去除率100%.②对于有机物丰富汪子砂滤海水(TOC=55.0～59.16 mg/L),超滤处理时,保持膜通量31 L·m~(-2)·h~(-1),10 min恒流运行,跨膜压差从0.14 MPa迅速升至0.20～0.21 MPa.经陶瓷膜超滤后TOC去除率74.49%,UV254去除率32.80%,弧菌去除率100%.③有机物丰富汪子砂滤海水,通过PAC絮凝预处理,PAC添加量45 mg/L,搅拌絮凝时间20 min.保持膜通量105 L·m~(-2)·h~(-1),20 min恒流量运行、12 s反洗,跨膜压差0.05～0.056 MPa;保持膜通量200 L·m~(-2)·h~(-1),跨膜压差0.11～0.13 MPa.絮凝预处理有效减缓膜污染和提高了膜通量.     

好氧MBBR连续流和间歇流的挂膜试验研究

采用合适的挂膜方法能够加速好氧移动床生物膜反应器(MBBR)的启动,并能使其稳定运行.通过不同填充率下静态清水试验,观察了相应曝气强度下移动床生物膜反应器中填料流化状态,测定其充氧性能,且通过试验对连续流和间歇流两种挂膜方法进行了比较,对两种挂膜方法下填料上的生物膜厚度和生物相及填料对有机物和氨氮等指标的去除情况进行了测定和分析.结果表明,反应器的最佳填充率为50%;间歇式进水的挂膜方法可以加快好氧移动床生物膜反应器的启动,一个月左右COD去除率能达到将近60%,氨氮去除率在90%左右,生物膜厚度大多在100~150μm,显微镜下观测到的生物相已比较丰富,出现了钟虫、吸管虫类原生动物,启动时间明显少于采用连续式进水的挂膜方法;连续式进水的试验条件下得出培养生物膜的最佳水力停留时间(HRT)在5 h左右.     

高浓度甲醛废气的生物法处理实验研究

 以轻质陶块为填料,探讨了生物膜填料塔净化处理高浓度甲醛的生物降解性能及操作条件改变对净化效果的影响.实验结果表明:废气中甲醛质量浓度在50～220 mg/m³范围时,生物膜填料塔对甲醛具有较强的降解能力,净化效率均在93%以上;当甲醛进口质量浓度为200 mg/m³左右时达到塔内生物膜中微生物群体对甲醛废气的最大生化降解能力.操作条件的改变对甲醛废气的净化效果有一定影响,实验生物膜填料塔在气体流量200 L/h,循环液流量20 L/h时有最佳净化性能.     

填料类型和曝气条件对生物栅微生物群落的影响

以水生植物和填料为要素构建生物栅装置,用以强化处理富营养化水体.实验采用6m3.d-1的中试规模,7个廊道并联运行,连续进出水.研究不同的填料类型和不同曝气条件下的污染去除效果以及填料生物膜微生物群落结构的变化.结果表明,填料在污染去除中起重要作用,投加填料的反应池CODCr、总氮和氨氮的去除率较无填料对照池分别提高了42.1%~52.2%,24.4%~47.8%和58.7%~71.4%.悬浮填料生物膜微生物相对处于好氧生境,有利于COD和NH4+的好氧氧化去除,而组合填料和新型填料存在兼性厌氧的生境,有利于总氮的去除.采用间歇曝气的方式可以一定程度地提高系统污染去除效率.ERIC-PCR指纹图谱分析表明,填料挂膜阶段,3种填料生物膜带型相似,随着系统挂膜成熟及稳定运行,填料生物膜带型分化成两大类型.悬浮填料为一大类型,组合填料和新型填料为另一类型.3种填料生物膜微生物种群丰富度明显提高.间歇曝气的3号和5号条带微生物的种群丰富度高于未曝气的2号和4号,有利于污染物的去除.总之,随着系统的稳定运行,填料生物膜微生物多样性指数显示出逐渐增大的趋势,表明系统中微生物种群趋于多样化,系统处于良好的稳定状态.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.