一种简捷的Southern印迹杂交方法

在综合前人方法的基础上,发展了一种简捷、灵敏、廉价、效果可靠的Southern印迹杂交方案.使用0.4 mol/L NaOH溶液将琼脂糖凝胶上的DNA在变性的同时转移到尼龙膜上,晾干膜后无需固定就可以直接用于杂交.预杂交液和杂交液选用Church缓冲系统,该缓冲系统中仅需10 g/L BSA作为封闭剂即可.整个洗膜过程可简化为一种溶液、2～3次洗涤.碱变性及转移后的尼龙膜,也可以用于地高辛(DIG)等非放射性检测系统,并可耐多轮杂交和洗脱.本方法可适用于包括高等植物基因组在内的多种生物材料的DNA检测.     

在载玻片上制备高杂交效率的DNA芯片

目的 :改进玻璃基质上固定DNA的方法 ,提高固定DNA的杂交效率 .方法 :玻片用 β -(对、间氯甲基苯基 )三氯硅乙烷和 β -苯基三氯硅乙烷二组分混合硅烷化试剂处理 ,再用NaI丙酮溶液处理 ,在表面自组装形成带有苄碘功能基的二组分混合单层硅烷膜 .巯基修饰的DNA共价偶联到这一自组装的硅烷膜上 .结果 :放射性分析证实玻璃基质表面共价固定DNA的优化密度为9 3× 10 - 2 μmol/m2 ,目标DNA杂交密度为 8.6× 10 - 2 μmol/m2 ,固定DNA的杂交率为 93% .结论 :采用两步竞争性反应的方法能够较容易地控制DNA在芯片上的固定密度 ,固定的DNA在芯片分布较均匀 ,因此制得的DNA芯片具有较高杂交效率和杂交密度 ,可方便地用于核酸杂交和探测研究     

生物素标记核酸探针杂交检测灵敏度的比较研究

用Biotin-11-dUTP进行缺口翻译缺备生物素标记的人β-珠蛋白基因探针并用该探针进行了斑点杂交，硝酸纤维素膜印迹杂交 及琼脂糖凝胶直接染交方法学比较，结果表明：经ABAP法显色后，上述三种杂交法中，DNA最低可检测量依次为5，10，50pg，以斑点杂交法最灵敏。     

基于网状硒化钼和杂交链式反应高灵敏检测DNA

用水热法合成了网状硒化钼纳米,将其和纳米金修饰于玻碳电极表面,固定上DNA探针后结合杂交链式反应构建了一种新型信号放大型电化学传感器,用于特定DNA序列的超灵敏检测.硒化钼纳米片具有好的导电性能和大的比表面积,结合杂交链式反应的信号放大作用,可显著提高检测灵敏度.用于DNA检测,其线性范围为1.0×10-10~1.0×10-14mol/L,信噪比等于3时,检出限为8×10-15mol/L.该传感器可区分三碱基错配的DNA和单碱基错配的DNA,具有较高的选择性.     

反向线性探针杂交技术检测慢性乙型肝炎病毒拉米夫定耐药研究

目的:建立起简单、快速、灵敏、准确的慢性乙型肝炎病毒拉米夫定耐药位点的反向线性探针(reverse line probe,RLP)检测方法.方法:根据HBV野生及耐药基因序列设计通用探针、3'、5'对称加有poly-C的特异性探针和5'标记生物素的扩增引物.将探针线性固定在硝酸纤维膜上,使HBV PCR扩增产物与探针进行杂交.通过优化杂交条件,建立RLP检测方法.利用该方法对重庆地区86个慢性乙肝病人进行检测,同时与直接测序结果比较.结果:半巢式PCR可对103拷贝/ml的血清样本进行有效特异扩增,新建的RLP检测方法可对PCR扩增产物在1 ng/ml以上,或血清样本中突变型DNA占野生型DNA比例为5％以上的均可有效检测,86例临床的检测灵敏度为100％,野生型和耐药型的检测准确性分别为98.09％(103/105)、100％ (43/43),与直接测序法比,RLP检测野生与耐药混合型准确性更好.结论:反向线性探针杂交检测方法检测HBV拉米夫定耐药位点方便、灵敏、准确,是HBV拉米夫定治疗有效的监控工具,该方法适合临床应用.     

运用交流阻抗技术直接监测DNA杂交

介绍了基于交流阻抗技术构建非标记型脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）杂交传感器的方法.以24个碱基长度的寡聚DNA作为实验对象，将5′端巯基化的单链寡聚DNA（SH-ssDNA）探针与巯基乙酸（RSH）同时自组装到金电极表面，形成杂交识别层，利用交流阻抗技术测量出杂交前后金电极表面电子传递电阻R_et的增量作为杂交信号.实验中对DNA探针的自组装时间、杂交温度、杂交时间和阻抗测量液等实验条件进行了观察和优化；通过选择自组装液中SH-ssDNA探针和RSH的浓度，减少DNA在金电极表面的非特异性吸附，同时保证金电极表面自组装的SH-ssDNA探针有合适的疏密度，提高了杂交效率.在各优化条件下，无需扩增杂交信号，此非标记型DNA杂交传感器的检测下限为3.0×10^-14mol/L；和完全互补序列相比，一个和三个碱基错配序列分别产生55.6%和1.3%的杂交信号.     

通过DNA聚合剪切放大体系提高RNA的检测灵敏度

基于循环的DNA剪切循环放大分子机器构建了一个RNA传感器。该分子机器以RNA为输入,产生大量的DNA片段,并替换报告探针上的荧光DNA从而产生荧光信号,实现对靶RNA浓度的放大检测。本分子机器分为两部分,反应部分和报告部分。在反应部分,以靶RNA为输入条件,以一个特殊设计的探针为反应模板引发一个自发连续的DNA聚合-剪切反应网络,重复产生大量信号DNA链;这些信号DNA链进入报告部分,通过杂交替换反应从一个报告探针上替换下带有荧光DNA序列,释放到溶液中。这样通过剪切产生的大量DNA适体序列被释放到溶液中,并替换报告探针上的荧光DNA,实现信号的放大。     

地高辛标记cDNA探针检测植物谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶基因表达及方法研究

本文利用RT-PCR和PCR技术制备地高辛标记的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(ATGPX3)cDNA探针,分别进行DNA和RNA斑点和印迹杂交分析.通过调整杂交液组分的浓度和增加10%硫酸葡聚糖的方法,改进杂交反应.实验结果表明,改良的方法不仅提高了杂交效率,而且明显检测到RNA杂交印迹反应.另外,利用地高辛标记cDNA探针技术也检测到了植物激素ABA诱导的ATGPX3基因的表达,同时证明了该方法可以用来检测植物基因的表达.     

纳米金在DNA电化学传感器中的应用研究

利用自组装单分子膜原理,通过层层组装的方法将金纳米粒子(AuNPs)和DNA探针分别固定到金电极表面制备成探针电极。结果表明纳米金可以使响应电流大大增强,有利于提高检测的灵敏度;同时DNA自组装到纳米金修饰的金电极上,形成一层致密的分子膜,可使响应电流下降。     

三种PCR引物法制备生物素标记的HpLV衣壳蛋白基因cDNA探针检测效果的比较

采用正义、反义引物及正义和反义引物双链PCR法制备了生物素标记的HpLV衣壳蛋白基因的cDNA探针。检测结果表明，三种PCR引物法标记的cDNA探针显色灵敏度均可达到10ps／μL，对目标基因DNA的检测灵敏度可达90ps／μL，但反义引物PCR法标记探针的检测效果要好于正义和反义引物双链PCR法制备的探针；在目标基因DNA浓度一定的情况下，探针的浓度对检测效果的影响并不大；正义、反义引物PCR法制备的探针可不经煮沸变性处理直接使用；用50ng／mL浓度的反义引物PCR法制备的生物素标记cDNA探针可检测到带毒啤酒花叶片和花瓣中的啤酒花潜隐病毒RNA。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.