青藏高原东南缘高山峡谷区舍饲牦牛与环境微量元素含量分析

研究青藏高原东南缘高山峡谷区舍饲牦牛与环境微量元素含量及关联性,采集5个县8个牦牛养殖场的组织样及饲料、土壤和饮水样品,采用ICP-OES等方法对微量元素含量进行测定.结果显示,牦牛肝脏中Cu含量为0.369mg/kg,低于一般含量10 mg/kg~40 mg/kg,可能处于缺乏状态.肝脏Fe元素含量为5.037 mg/kg,低于一般含量132mg/kg~188 mg/kg,处于缺乏状态;饲料中Cu、Mn、Zn、Co、Mo的含量,精饲料中Fe元素含量,以及土壤中Co、Mn、Zn元素含量均低于有关标准,处于缺乏状态;牦牛组织中B与Fe、Mn和Mo,Co与Cu、Fe、Mn和Mo,Cu与Mn和Mo,以及Mn与Mo和Zn呈显著正相关(P0.05或P0.01),表明具有同源性;饲料Co与Cu、Mn、Zn和Cu与Mn、Zn以及Mn和Zn呈显著正相关(P0.05或P0.01),表明具有同源性;肝脏Fe和Mo及肾脏Fe与饲料具有关联性;背最长肌和肝脏Mo与土壤具有关联性.以上结果表明,该地区组织和饲料中微量元素普遍处于缺乏状态,组织和饲料内大多数微量元素间都存在同源性.     

贵州钩藤不同产地钧、茎微量元素比较分析

为了解贵州不同产地钩藤不同部位主要微量元素的含量,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS),对采自贵州剑河、都匀钩藤样品进行钩、茎微量元素(Na、Mg、K、Ca、Mn、Fe、Co、Zn、Cu、Mo)含量测定分析。结果表明:剑河钩藤钩、茎中Na、Mg、K、Ca、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mo含量均高于都匀钩藤钩、茎中含量。Zn/Cu比大小顺序均为茎钩和茎钩,都匀钩藤钩、茎、钩和茎中Zn/Cu比均高于剑河钩藤对应部位的Zn/Cu比。不同产区钩藤间Mn和Mg,Mn和Ca、Fe和K、Zn和Mg、Zn和Ca、Cu和Na、Cu和Na、Mo和Fe(p0.05)显著正相关,K和Na、Ca和Mg、Cu和K、Cu和Fe(p0.01)极显著正相关。     

远志炮制前后微量元素的含量测定

以远志和蜜远志中微量元素为研究的基础和出发点,对远志和蜜远志中微量元素进行含量测定,通过比较阐述了远志炮制前后微量的含量变化与微量元素和药性理论、主治功效的相关性;对远志进行蜜炙加工后,采用湿法消化法消解样品,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定生品和蜜制品中Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Ca、Mg6种微量元素的含量;生远志中Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Ca、Mg的含量分别为154.1802μg/g、7.7033μg/g、21.6191μg/g、177.4323μg/g、92.6612μg/g、18.2650μg/g,蜜远志中Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Ca、Mg的含量分别为117.4652μg/g、192.5411μg/g、20.0864μg/g、16.5451μg/g、78.5081μg/g、8.4723μg/g、远志经过炮制后,Fe、Zn、Mg、Mn、Ca的含量均下降,Cu含量略微上升。各元素的精密度在0.4%~2.1%之间,加样回收率在98.83%~103.24%。     

空气—乙炔火焰原子吸收法测定灵芝中的10种微量元素

采用空气—乙炔火焰原子吸收法测定了灵芝的水煎液、酒泡液及干灵芝中K，Na，Ca，Mg，Mn，ZrI，Fe，Ni，Cu，Sr的含量。结果表明，灵芝中含有丰富的营养元素，4次水煎液可提取K 11300μg/g，Ca3600μg/g，Mg 487μg／g，Na，Mn，Fe分别为185—266μg／g，Zn58μg／g，Ni，Cu，Sr分别为10-16μg／g，酒泡灵芝液的各元素提取率均低于水煎液。     

桂西南不同地层土壤的元素地球化学特征

以隆安县为桂西南代表 ,根据地层、地形、土类等确定调查路线和采样点 ,挖掘土壤剖面 ,采集 B层土壤 ,同一地层采集多个样品充分混合 ,以风干土混合样进行分析。测定 2 1个地层土壤的 Fe、 Al、 Si、 N、 P、 K、Na、 Ca、 Mg、 Mn、 Zn、 Cu、 S、 B、 Mo、 Co、 Ni、 Cr、 Sr、 Ba、 V、 As、 Ge、 Ga、 Se、 Cl、 I、 W、 F、 Br、 Sn元素含量。其中 Fe、 Al、 Zn、 Ni、 V、As、Se含量和 Si、P、 K、Na、Ca、 Mg、 S、Ga含量分别高于和低于世界土壤元素背景值 ,Mn、Cu、B、Mo、Co、Cr含量处于背景值范围。As的含量高于我国土壤临界含量。Ca、Mn、S的变异系数 >10 0 % ,N、 P、K、 Na、Mg、Zn、Mo、 Ni、Cr、Sr、 Ba、As、Ge、 Se、 Cl、I、W元素的变异系数为 5 0 %～ 10 0 % ,Fe、Al、Si、Cu、B、Co、V元素的变异较小。该区石灰岩、白云岩、硅质岩等基性岩发育的土壤比由粉砂岩、页岩、泥岩和第四纪红土等基岩发育的土壤富铝化程度深 ,Fe、Al富集明显。各地层 Si、Ca、Mg、Na、K的迁移量大 ,以 Si迁移和 Fe富集为主要特征。378对元素组合中 ,10 9对元素组合之间相关关系 P<0 .0 5 ,134对元素组合之间相关关系 P <0 .0 1,且以正相关为主 ;Si与其他元素间的关系多为负相关 ;过渡元素间大多有相关关系     

东营市利津县青少年头发九种微量元素含量初步调查

采用原子吸收光谱法对东营市利津县10～20岁50名青少年发样进行九种微量元素(Ca,Mg,Fe,Cu,Zn,Mn,Pb,Ni,Cr)测定,对测定数据进行统计分析。九种微量元素含量的平均值(μg/g)分别为:Ca:822,Mg:142,Fe:13.7,Cu:10.3,Zn:196,Mn:1.2,Pb:1.5,Ni:0.26,Cr;0.12.锌值的频率分布基本为正态分布,其算术平均值为196μg/g,标准偏差为24μg/g,由此提出该地区青少年头发微量锌的背景范围为172～220μg/g。     

日光温室甜樱桃叶片中矿质营养元素含量的动态变化

以红灯(Prunus L.)品种为试材,研究了温室栽培樱桃叶片中7种矿质营养元素(Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn,Ca,Mg,K)含量的动态变化及其相关性.结果表明:开花期至果实成熟期,樱桃叶片中Cu,Zn含量显著下降;Fe,Mn,Ca,Mg,K含量显著增加.果实采后生长发育阶段,Fe元素含量极显著下降且略有回升,其他6种元素变化平缓(或增加或下降).Cu与Mn,Zn元素分别呈极显著负相关和正相关;Ca与Mn和Cu,Zn元素分别呈极显著正相关和负相关;K,Mg元素与Cu元素呈显著和极显著负相关,与Mn,Fe,Ca,Mg元素呈显著或极显著正相关.     

濒危植物长裂太行菊及其土壤中主要金属元素的分布特征

本文以濒危植物长裂太行菊为研究对象,测定了11个样地土壤及植株中12种金属元素的含量,并分析植株与土壤中对应金属元素含量之间的关系.研究结果表明:1)长裂太行菊分布区土壤pH值变化幅度小,处于中性或弱碱性范围.不同样地土壤及植株中各金属元素含量变化范围较宽,变异系数较高,表明长裂太行菊分布区土壤金属元素分布具有异质性特点,而长裂太行菊植株对此表现出一定的生态适应与调节能力; 2)长裂太行菊土壤中,必需金属元素含量高低排序为Ca Fe K Mn ZnCu,非必需金属元素含量高低排序为Ti Zr Sr Rb V Cr.其中,土壤K、Fe、Ti元素与其他大部分金属元素呈显著相关性; 3)长裂太行菊植株体内,必需元素含量高低的排序为Ca K Fe Mn Zn Cu,非必需元素含量高低排序为Ti Sr Zr Rb Cr V.其中植株Ca、Fe、Ti元素与其他大部分元素之间呈显著相关性; 4)生物吸收系数以K元素最高,其次为Zn、Cu、Ca、Sr、Cr、Mn、Rb元素,而Fe、Ti、Zr、V元素最低.总体而言,长裂太行菊土壤与植物中K、Ca、Zn、Ti、Rb元素之间关系密切而复杂,在濒危植物太行菊就地保护及迁地保育研究中值得进一步关注.     

猕猴桃根、叶、果与土壤中6种金属元素的分布特征及其相关性

为了研究猕猴桃根、叶、果和土壤中Sr、Zn、Cu、Mn、Pb、Cr的分布特征及根-叶/果-土壤元素含量之间的关系,通过火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定了根、叶、果与土壤中6种元素的含量,利用富集系数法和转运系数法研究了猕猴桃根对土壤中6种元素的吸收能力和根向叶、果的转运能力,考查了元素含量对富集系数和转运系数的影响.结果 表明:①土壤中6种元素平均含量分别为136(Sr)、47.7(Zn)、80.8(Cu)、442(Mn)、30.8(Pb)、224(Cr)mg/kg,每种元素含量分布的变异系数分别为0.270(Sr)、0.433(Zn)、0.613(Cu)、0.131(Mn)、0.264(Pb)、0.167(Cr);②根部6种元素的平均富集系数(BCF)分别为0.655(Sr)、0.711(Zn)、0.226(Cu)、0.120(Mn)、0.0591(Pb)、0.00190(Cr);③叶和果中6种元素的平均转运系数(translocatin fac-tor,TF)分别为1.30和0.00630(Sr)、5.39和0.570(Zn)、2.24和0.530(Cu)、0.877和0.103(Mn)、0.873和0(Pb)、1.12和2.59(Cr).可见,6种元素在不同采样点土壤中的含量、在根部的富集能力和根向叶、果的转运能力均具有明显的差异.利用种植过程追溯手段,还对TF(Zn)突变值产生的原因进行了探究,追踪到过量喷施代森锌的现象.     

武汉市某工业用地土壤重金属污染状况分析与评价

为研究土壤重金属的污染状况,从武汉市某工业用地土壤中采集26份样本检测分析了其Cu、Zn、Cr、Pb、Mn和Co元素含量.结果表明：土壤整体呈pH中性,土壤中的有机质含量偏低.表层（0～20cm）和次表层（20～50cm）土壤中重金属Cu、Zn、Cr、Pb、Mn、Co含量分别为27.08,198.68,67.95,18.72,525.50,69.44 mg/kg;和25.82,210.19,65.68,19.67,528.99,68.92 mg/kg.以湖北省土壤背景值为评价标准,该工业用地土壤重金属主要污染为Co,其次是Zn,该工业用地属于重金属重度污染.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.