四川泡菜乳酸菌的分离鉴定及其特性研究

以6种四川泡菜汁为材料,分离到11株菌,均为革兰氏阳性菌株,接触酶实验呈阴性.从中筛选出一株产酸能力强、生长速度快的菌株,菌株编号为0708262-1.采用乳酸定性分析测出该菌发酵产物为乳酸.之后经Biolog微生物鉴定仪进一步鉴定,确定该菌株为Lactococcus lactis.该菌株的最适生长pH 为5～7,最适生长温度为30 ℃,最适生长盐浓度为0～5%.     

西藏传统发酵牛乳乳酸菌的鉴定及发酵性能测定

目的研究西藏地区传统的发酵牛乳中乳酸菌的菌属以及其相关性能。方法以西藏拉萨当雄县、那曲比如县、昌都八宿县、山南扎囊县以及日喀则江孜县五个地区采集的传统发酵牛乳为研究对象进行鉴定和性能测试分析。结果分析结果发现其中德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种1株,干酪乳杆菌3株,植物乳杆菌1株。通过对分离菌株抑菌性能的测试,发现5株菌都能抑制革兰氏阳性菌,但s012—2菌株对革兰氏阴性菌也有抑制作用。在对菌株产酸、生长速率的测试中发现只有s007—2产酸及生长速率都较慢,几乎不生长。S017—1在8～10h几乎不生长,10～14h产酸和生长较快,其余3个菌株的生长及产酸都在8～16h最快,在16＂~20h处于稳定期。结论通过对西藏不同牧区传统发酵牛乳中分离得到的菌株进行鉴定和发酵性能的测试,对以后设定最优发酵工艺或是将优势菌种应用于食品工业均具有重要意义。     

西藏传统发酵牛乳乳酸菌的鉴定及发酵性能测定

目的研究西藏地区传统的发酵牛乳中乳酸菌的菌属以及其相关性能。方法以西藏拉萨当雄县、那曲比如县、昌都八宿县、山南扎囊县以及日喀则江孜县五个地区采集的传统发酵牛乳为研究对象进行鉴定和性能测试分析。结果分析结果发现其中德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种1株,干酪乳杆菌3株,植物乳杆菌1株。通过对分离菌株抑菌性能的测试,发现5株菌都能抑制革兰氏阳性菌,但s012-2菌株对革兰氏阴性菌也有抑制作用。在对菌株产酸、生长速率的测试中发现只有s007-2产酸及生长速率都较慢,几乎不生长。S017-1在8~10h几乎不生长,10~14h产酸和生长较快,其余3个菌株的生长及产酸都在8~16h最快,在16~20h处于稳定期。结论通过对西藏不同牧区传统发酵牛乳中分离得到的菌株进行鉴定和发酵性能的测试,对以后设定最优发酵工艺或是将优势菌种应用于食品工业均具有重要意义。     

内蒙古双峰驼乳及乳制品中乳杆菌的分离及其

本实验主要对11份双峰骆驼乳样品进行了乳酸杆菌的分离和生物学特性的研究。将分离到的16株革兰氏阳性、过氧化氢酶试验阴性杆菌,分别鉴定为Lactobacilluscasei subsp. casei(5株)、Lactobacillus plantarum(4株)和Lactobacillus delbruekii subsp.lactis等同型发酵乳杆菌和2株异型发酵乳杆菌(AZ41-1和AZ44-1)。多数菌株为15℃生长良好,以中温性菌株占优势。脱脂乳中产酸量较低。     

牦牛源产细菌素的乳酸菌的筛选鉴定

为筛选优良的产细菌素乳酸菌,用含0.5%碳酸钙的MRS固体培养基从19份牦牛粪便样本中分离出91株乳酸菌,进一步采用牛津杯法筛选产细菌素的乳酸菌,并结合16S rRNA序列扩增测序鉴定该批乳酸菌.结果表明:在排除有机酸、过氧化氢等抑菌因素后,从91株乳酸菌中筛选到9株对大肠杆菌ATCC25922和金葡球菌ATCC25923有明显抑制作用的乳酸菌菌株,该9株菌株对蛋白酶敏感,初步认定为产细菌素乳酸菌;经16S rRNA序列扩增测序鉴定该9株菌分别为海氏肠球菌,屎肠球菌,蒙氏肠球菌株和植物乳杆菌,其对常见抗生素不耐药,可作为益生菌的候选菌株.     

酸浆豆腐中产酸菌的耐高温紫外诱变

乳酸菌在食品及食品发酵行业具有广泛的应用,其中以乳酸菌发酵酸浆作为凝固剂的酸浆豆腐已逐渐成为人们关注的热点。酸浆豆腐发酵过程中以乳酸菌为优势菌,在酸浆豆腐点浆时,需在75℃以上高温下进行。普通乳酸菌无法耐受此温度且大量失活,影响产品的后熟。为了开发耐高温乳酸菌,以课题组从云南建水豆腐酸浆中分离的菌株为出发菌,通过紫外诱变的方式,温度梯度筛选获得4株耐高温产酸性能好的菌株。诱变获得4株菌均可在75℃耐高温30 min并保持较好的活性和产酸效果。研究所得突变菌株相比原始菌株均具有更好的耐热性和产酸性。其中HCUL 1.1801-1912Z活性最强、产酸能力最好,为4株菌中最优菌株,将该菌株用于发酵生产酸浆豆腐,将显著提高乳酸菌在豆腐中的活性和豆腐的品质。     

青藏高原地区小麦附生乳酸菌多样性的初步研究

收集青藏高原不同地点的13份样品,通过乳酸菌的生理生化特征结合16S rRNA基因序列分析和rec A基因分析的方法,对分离到的乳酸菌进行基因分型和菌种鉴定.结果表明,小麦样品中分离的乳酸菌被归为6个属,分别为Lactobacillus、Lactococcus、Streptococcus、Leuconostoc、Pediococcus和Enterococcus;9个种或亚种,即Lb.plantarum(0.017%)、L.garvieae(29.74%)、S.pseudopneumoniae(0.08%)、Ln.mesenteroides subsp.mesenteroides(14.08%)、Ln.lactis(0.008%)、Ln.holzapfelii(52.48%)、P.pentosaceus(3.49%)、E.gallinarum(0.003%)和E.mundtii(0.069%).无论是茎叶还是根系土壤中,都存在数量极多的大肠杆菌和好氧性细菌,大部分小麦样品中都存在数量可观的酵母菌和芽孢杆菌,少数样品中有少量梭菌属存在,而对乳酸菌的分离鉴定则表明青藏地区小麦样品附着乳酸菌类群多样,且大部分附生于小麦茎叶组织,从根系土壤中分离到的乳酸菌数量和类型相对较少.分离的乳酸菌中球型乳酸菌占绝大多数,最多的为Ln.holzapfelii.     

保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌在羊奶中的发酵特性研究

对从商业乳酸菌发酵剂分离纯化的8株乳酸菌在羊奶中的发酵特性进行了研究,结果表明:L.b-300和L.b-800菌株的产酸能力较强,S.t-499菌株的产黏能力较强,L.b-300和S.t-800菌株的产香能力较强,8株乳酸菌的后酸化能力均较弱.L.b-300和S.t-499菌株是适合发酵羊奶酸奶的乳酸菌.     

干酪乳杆菌IMAU10041抗甜瓜枯萎病菌的作用及理化性质

从60株乳酸菌中筛选出22株具有抗甜瓜枯萎病菌活性的乳酸菌菌株,其中9株具有较强抗甜瓜枯萎病菌活性.对这9株乳酸菌的抗植物致病真菌谱进行研究发现,9株菌对番茄早疫病菌(Alternaria solani)、甜瓜疫霉菌(Phytophthora drechsleri Tucker)、苹果炭疽病菌(Glomerella cingulate)、灰葡萄孢霉菌(Botrytis cinerea)的生长均有抑制作用.其中干酪乳杆菌IMAU10041对甜瓜枯萎病菌具有较强的抑制作用,并且对甜瓜疫霉和番茄早疫病菌有较高的抑菌活性.分别经过调节pH、加热、蛋白酶处理干酪乳杆菌IMAU10041的发酵滤液后,发现干酪乳杆菌IMAU10041发酵液具有一定的热稳定性;在pH 4.0时具有最大抑菌活性,在碱性条件下抑菌活性迅速失活;发酵液经胰蛋白酶、中性蛋白、蛋白酶K处理后失去部分抑菌活性,这表明干酪乳杆菌IMAU10041发酵液中可能含有一定的蛋白类抑菌物质.     

高温大曲中一株高产酸细菌的筛选与生物学特性分析

产酸菌是高温大曲中的一类重要细菌微生物,其主要作用是在酿酒过程中通过发酵为白酒提供香味成分和增加白酒口感风味,目前对高温大曲中产酸菌特性的研究较少。用高温大曲通过富集培养、钙平板分离纯化获得酱香大曲菌株7株;通过定性定量试验,发现命名为RS-6的菌株产酸量最高,达到2.13 g/L;通过耐乙醇、耐乙酸、耐盐和耐高温试验进一步对RS-6菌株进行研究,发现该菌株的最高乙醇耐受质量分数为7%,最高乙酸耐受质量分数为3%,最高盐耐受质量分数为0.8%,最适生长温度为30 ℃。研究表明,从高温大曲中筛选到一株产酸量高、乙醇耐受性高和耐盐性高的产酸细菌。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.