La0.67 Sr0.33 MnO3/GaN异质结的光电效应研究

利用脉冲激光沉积技术制备了p-n型的La0.67Sr0.33MnO3/GaN异质结.在室温下测量了La0.67Sr0.33MnO3/GaN异质结的电流-电压特性曲线,结果表明该异质结具有较好的整流效应.对该异质结的光电效应进行了测量,发现该异质结还具有明显的光电效应:当用光功率为6mW、波长520nm的光照射该异质结时该异质结的光电压可达33μV.还发现异质结的光电压与入射光的功率及光子能量有依赖关系:入射光功率或光子能量越大,光电压越高.根据La0.67Sr0.33MnO3/GaN的能带结构对实验结果作了解释.结果表明La0.67Sr0.33MnO3/GaN异质结可用作光电器件.     

LCMO,LSMO单、双层薄膜的制备和电学性质

采用脉冲激光沉积法在Si衬底上沉积La1-xCaxMnO3,La1-xSrxMnO3(x=0.2,0.5,0.8)单钙钛矿锰氧化物单层膜和双层膜.采用LCR仪等分析测试手段研究了薄膜异质结的电流-电压特性.I-V特性曲线表明:单钙钛矿La1-xCaxMnO3/Si和La1-xSrxMnO3/Si均表现出了与传统p-n结相似的整流特性,但是La1-xCaxMnO3/Si的整流特性要明显优于La1-xSrxMnO3/Si,这可能是因为La1-xCaxMnO3同衬底晶格常数更为匹配且Sr掺杂引起的晶格畸变场势阱更深的缘故.在双层膜结构中可能是由于能带结构的原因,按La1-xSrxMnO3/La1-xCaxMnO3/Si顺序排列的异质结相当于p+-p-n结构,I-V特性明显类似传统的整流特性,而La1-xCaxMnO3/La1-xSrxMnO3/Si顺序的异质结相当于n-p-n型,整流特性不明显.     

聚吡咯-聚苯胺同型异质结的整流特性

在电化学氧化聚合的p-型聚吡咯薄膜与化学氧化聚合的可溶性p-型聚苯胺涂层之间的接触界面处,观察到了同型异质结整流效应,整流比为30(0.8V),其伏-安特性符合电子扩散理论结果。     

LaAlO_3/GaAs异质结界面的空穴导电行为分析

采用脉冲激光沉积方法在GaAs(001)单晶基片上生长LaAlO_3薄膜构成LaAlO_3/GaAs异质结,利用原子力显微镜和XRD对LaAlO_3/GaAs异质结进行表征,并通过PPMS对LaAlO_3/GaAs异质结进行面内电阻和霍尔电阻测试,研究其界面电输运性能。结果表明,LaAlO_3在GaAs表面生长均匀,LaAlO_3/GaAs异质结界面处存在空穴型的导电行为,且该空穴来源于界面处的悬空键效应。     

ZnO纳米线阵列/p-Si异质结的合成及其整流特性

利用化学汽相沉积,在没有催化剂的p-Si衬底上一步合成ZnO纳米线阵列,构成ZnO阵列/p-Si异质结.电流-电压性能测试显示该结构具有较好的整流特性,漏电流较小,4V时约为0.05 mA.异质结理想因子偏高,1.86(0.5~2.25 V)和5.92(在2.25~2.7V),主要原因可能ZnO纳米线阵列底与Si之间存在较高的缺陷密度.提供了一种简单的合成ZnO阵列/p-Si异质结方法,不需要在Si衬底上预先合成ZnO缓冲层和催化剂,同时结构具有较好整流性能,对ZnO器件的设计合成及应用有一定的参考价值.     

C-Si/GD μC-Si:H异质结的一些性质

在单晶硅衬底上淀积掺硼(或磷)的μC—Si:H 薄膜可制成 C—Si/GDμC—Si:H 异质结。掺杂μC—Si:H 薄膜是由辉光放电制备,它的电导率约 1000S/m 光学带隙是1.6eV,淀积温度是280℃。该结具有好的 I—V 特性曲线,可以用整流扩散理论解释它。反向击穿电压取决于晶态衬底的电阻率。退火实验指出,在650℃以下,该结的 I—V 特性是稳定的。讨论了异质结的有关性质。     

聚乙炔／SnO2异质结的光电流密度

用改进的Ｎａａｒｍａｎｎ法在ｎ型ＳｎＯ２基片上直接聚合成聚乙炔膜，制成ｐ－（ＣＨ）ｘ／ｎ－ＳｎＯ２异质结，用氩离子激光器作光源，测量了光电流密度与入射光强度的关系曲线．在仅考虑聚乙炔吸收光的情况下，从理论上导出聚乙炔基异质结的光电流密度公式，与实验结果相符合     

全氧化物异质结HoMnO3/Nb-SrTiO3的电子输运特性

通过脉冲激光沉积技术在掺杂1.0%Nb的SrTiO3单晶基底上制备了单一c轴取向的正交HoMnO3薄膜,测量了变温条件下全氧化物异质结HoMnO3/ Nb-SrTiO3的伏安曲线,结果显示出二极管的整流特征,并且正向电流可以用热电子发射模型解释.但是随着温度的降低,在HoMnO3/ Nb-SrTiO3异质结中出现反向偏压电流异常增加的现象.本文用异质结界面上的隧穿效应解释了这个结果.     

外延Pb-Zr-Ti-O/Y-Ba-Cu-O异质结的制备研究

应用磁控溅射法在SrTiO3(STO)单晶基片上原位制备了Pb(Zr,Ti)O3/YBaCu3O7(PZT/YB-CO)异质结,X射线衍射、透射电镜和选区电子衍射结果表明PZT/YBCO为外延生长,磁化率的测量结果表明YBCO的超导转变温度接近90 K,外延铁电体/超导体异质结的制备为进一步研究铁电性、超导性以及铁电体/超导体复合器件奠定了基础.     

ZnTe:Ga/Si绿光光电探测器

文章以Ga/Ga_2O_3为掺杂源,通过化学气相沉积法(chemical vapor deposition,CVD)实现了ZnTe:Ga纳米线的合成,利用X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)仪、扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscopy,SEM)仪、透射电子显微镜(transmission electron microscopy,TEM)、光电子能谱(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,XPS)等表征其形貌、结构与成分,并构建了基于其的底栅场效应器件。实验结果表明,产物纳米线具有较为明显的p型半导体特性,电导率为2.55S/cm,空穴迁移率为1.33cm~2/(V·s)。经过光刻与刻蚀工艺制备了p-ZnTe:Ga与n-Si构成的p-n异质结,测试发现制备的p-n异质结具有明显的整流特性,正向开启电压约为1.2V,在±2V时整流比约为500,在-2V偏压时,器件在光的照射下光电流显著增加,响应度R为6.51×10~3 A/W,比探测率为1.41×10~(13) cm·Hz~(1/2)/W。最后,探讨了基于光电探测器异质结的工作机制,发现ZnTe:Ga纳米线在光电探测领域具有很大的应用潜力。     

Effect of austenitization heat treatment on the magnetic properties of Fe-40wt% Ni-2wt% Mn alloy

The effect of austenitization heat treatment on magnetic properties was examined by means of Mössbauer spectroscopy on an Fe-40wt%Ni-2wt%Mn alloy. The morphology of the alloy was obtained by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) under different heat treatment conditions. The magnetic behavior of the non heat-treated alloy is ferromagnetic. A mixed magnetic structure including both paramagnetic and ferromagnetic states was obtained at 800℃ after 6 and 12 h heat treatments. In addition, the magnetic structure of the heat-treated alloy at 1150℃ for 12 h was ferromagnetic. With the volume fraction changing, the effective hyperfine field of the ferromagnetic austenite phase and isomery shift values were also determined by Mtssbauer spectroscopy.     

Effect of Al content on the reaction between Fe-10Mn-xAl(x=0.035wt%,0.5wt%,1wt%,and 2wt%)steel and CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO slag

The effect of Al content(0.035 wt%,0.5 wt%,1 wt%,and 2 wt%)on the composition change of steel and slag as well as inclusion transformation of high manganese steel after it has equilibrated with Ca O-Si O₂-Al₂O₃-Mg O slag was studied using the method of slag/steel reaction.The experimental results showed that as the initial content of Al increased from 0.035 wt%to 2 wt%,Al gradually replaced Mn to react with Si O₂in slag to avoid the loss of Mn due to the reaction;this process caused both Al₂O₃in slag and Si in steel to increase while Si O₂and Mn O in slag to reduce.In addition,the type of inclusions also evolved as the initial Al content increased.The evolution route of inclusions was Mn O→Mn O-Al₂O₃-Mg O→Mg O→Mn O-Ca O-Al₂O₃-Mg O and Mn O-Ca O-Mg O.The shape of inclusions evolved from spherical to irregular,became faceted,and finally transformed to spherical.The average size of inclusions presented a trend that was increasing first and then decreasing.The transformation mechanism of inclusions was explored.As the initial content of Al increased,Mg and Ca were reduced from top slag into molten steel in sequence,which consequently caused the transformation of inclusions.     

Microstructural evolution and intermetallic formation in Al-8wt% Si-0.8wt% Fe alloy due to grain refiner and modifier additions

An alloy of Al-8wt% Si-0.8wt% Fe was cast in a metallic die, and its microstructural changes due to Ti-B refiner and Sr modifier additions were studied. Apart from usual refinement and modification of the microstructure, some mutual influences of the additives took place, and no mutual poisoning effects by these additives, in combined form, were observed. It was noticed that the dimensions of the iron-rich intermetallics were influenced by the additives causing them to become larger. The needle-shaped intermetallics that were obtained from refiner addition became thicker and longer when adding the modifier. It was also found that α-Al and eutectic silicon phases preferentially nucleate on different types of intermetallic compounds. The more iron content of the intermetallic compounds and the more changes in their dimensions occurred. Formation of the shrinkage porosities was also observed.     

稀土元素钇对NbTi50wt％超导合金塑性的改善机制

本文报道用透射电镜及x射线衍射仪研究NbTi50wt％和NbTi50wt％ 0.3wt％Y两种合金塑性的结果.实验发现,元素Y与合金中的间隙原子结合形成合化合Y_2O_3,并吸食了β相合金点阵中的间隙原子,Y的添加通过降低β相点阵中的间隙原子含量使合金基体软化,合金塑性改善,同时合金晶粒得到显著细化.     

Electrochemical corrosion behavior of the cobalt modified aluminide coating in 3.5 wt% NaCl solutions

In this paper, we achieved the Co modified aluminide coating on nickel base superalloys by pack cementation process. The corrosion currents(i_(corr)) of coated and uncoated substrate after 1 h of immersion tested by potentiodynamic polarization in 3.5 wt% NaCl solutions are 9.73 b × 10~(-7) A/cm~2 and 1.31 × 10~(-6) A/cm~2, respectively. With the immersion time extension, the icorrof the coating decreases and the values of |Z| by EIS increase, indicating that the electrochemical reaction rate of the coating becomes slower. The coating presents good corrosion resistance due to the Al_2O_3 formed on the surface.     

稀士元素钇对NbTi50wt%超导合金塑性影响研究

1 样品制备样品分两组:第一组研究添加 Y 的不同含量对合金塑性的影响,选用0.1,0.2,0.3wt%添加量,在预抽真空为10~(-1)mmHg 后充以工业氩气(纯度为98%)保护下,在水冷铜坩埚内反复熔炼成小钮扣锭.第二组样品是在真空度为10~(-4)mmHg 的自耗电弧炉中熔炼而成,一种添加0.3wt%Y,另一种是纯 NbTi50wt%.熔炼电压30kV,电流密度5A/mm~2.所用原料为标准国产 NbTi50wt%棒和纯度为99.95%的块状 Y.所有样品都经过1350℃、5小时均匀化热处理,950℃、20min 固溶处理,热锻,水淬(高于800℃),然后作拉伸试验.     

Corrosion behavior of ferritic stainless steel with 15wt% chromium for the automobile exhaust system

The effect of chloride ion concentration, pH value, and grain size on the pitting corrosion resistance of a new ferritic stainless steel with 15wt% Cr was investigated using the anodic polarization method. The semiconducting properties of passive films with different chloride ion concentrations were performed using capacitance measurement and Mott-Schottky analysis methods. The aging precipitation and intergranular corrosion behavior were evaluated at 400–900℃. It is found that the pitting potential decreases when the grain size increases. With the increase in chloride ion concentration, the doping density and the flat-bland potential increase but the thickness of the space charge layer decreases. The pitting corrosion resistance increases rapidly with the decrease in pH value. Precipitants is identified as Nb(C,N) and NbC, rather than Cr-carbide. The intergranular corrosion is attributed to the synergistic effects of Nb(C,N) and NbC precipitates and Cr segregation adjacent to the precipitates.     

Effects of Ni content on the cast and solid-solution microstructures of Cu-0.4wt% Be alloys

The effects of Ni content(0–2.1wt%)on the cast and solid-solution microstructures of Cu-0.4wt%Be alloys were investigated,and the corresponding mechanisms of influence were analyzed.The results show that the amount of precipitated phase increases in the cast alloys with increasing Ni content.When the Ni content is 0.45wt%or 0.98wt%,needle-like Be_(21)Ni_5 phases form in the grains and are mainly distributed in the interdendritic regions.When the Ni content is 1.5wt%or greater,a large number of needle-like precipitates form in the grains and chain-like Be_(21)Ni_5 and Be Ni precipitates form along the grain boundaries.The addition of Ni can substantially refine the cast and solid-solution microstructures of Cu-0.4wt%Be alloys.The hindering effects of both the dissolution of Ni into the matrix and the formation of Be–Ni precipitates on grain-boundary migration are mainly responsible for refining the cast and solid-solution microstructures of Cu-0.4wt%Be alloys.Higher Ni contents result in finer microstructures;however,given the precipitation characteristics of Be–Ni phases and their dissolution into the matrix during the solid-solution treatment,the upper limit of the Ni content is 1.5wt%–2.1wt%.     

Influences of 2.5wt% Mn addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu-Al-Ni shape memory alloys

The influences of 2.5wt% Mn addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the Cu-11.9wt%Al-3.8wt%Ni shape memory alloy (SMA) were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The experimental results show that Mn addition influences considerably the austenite-martensite transformation temperatures and the kind of martensite in the Cu-Al-Ni alloy. The martensitic transformation changes from a mixed xed β₁→β'₁+γ'₁ transformation to a single β₁→β'₁ martensite transformation together with a decrease in transformation temperatures. In addition, the observations reveal that the grain size of the Cu-Al-Ni alloy can be controlled with the addition of 2.5wt% Mn and thus its mechanical properties can be enhanced. The Cu-Al-Ni-Mn alloy exhibits better mechanical properties with the high ultimate compression strength and ductility of 952 MPa and 15%, respectively. These improvements are attributed to a decrease in grain size. However, the hardness decreases from Hv 230 to Hv 140 with the Mn addition.     

喷射沉积Al-30wt%Si合金的凝固组织与耐磨性能

研究了喷射沉积Al-30wt%Si合金的凝固组织和耐磨性能,结果表明喷射沉积Al-30wt%Si合金的组织由Si相和α相组成,细小的Si相均匀分布在α基体中,沉积态组织中硅相尺寸比金属型铸造试样降低2个数量级。喷射沉积高硅铝合金具有优良的耐磨性。随着硅相尺寸的减小,高硅铝合金的磨损由剥落为主的机制转变为犁沟变形机制。