基于光谱吸收的CO2气体检测系统

针对CO₂气体实时在线监测的应用需求,以比尔-朗伯定律为理论基础,基于可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱技术搭建一套CO₂气体在线检测系统。选择吸收谱线波长为1 609.583 nm,并在系统中搭建两路参考光路用于消除光源信号波动和实现自动寻峰,以提高检测系统的稳定性与准确性。通过对系统的标定与校准,系统测量相对误差小于0.8%,系统重复性小于0.06%,响应时间不超过18 s,对空气中CO₂的体积分数进行连续4 h监测,其值的波动范围为360×10^-6 ~ 400×10^-6。试验结果表明该系统具有较好的稳定性与可靠性,可满足CO₂气体实时在线监测的应用需求。     

基于激光诱导离解光谱的土壤重金属监测定量化方法研究

由于激光诱导离解光谱技术（LIBS）具有快速、实时、可在线分析多种物质元素等诸多优点,使其在同类元素探测方法中显示出巨大的潜力和优越性,但LIBS定量化问题仍然是目前LIBS发展中的难点问题。基于LIBS的方法通过对土壤中重金属进行实时监测并对实验数据进行分析,旨在探讨激光诱导离解光谱技术的定量化反演方法应用,为其今后在各领域中的定量化应用提供一定的理论依据。     

基于7种主要元素特征谱线的LIBS岩性识别

采用激光诱导击穿光谱技术与因子分析以及BP神经网络技术相结合,对5类共9种标准样品进行岩性分类与相互区分.根据样品的主要元素含量选取Si,Al,Ca,Fe,Mg,K,Na共7种元素的波峰构成特征谱.每种元素均选取一个峰作为研究对象,根据峰的形状及大小确定每个峰的波长取值范围.利用因子分析对全谱和特征谱分别进行主成分分析,再将得到的全谱主成分和特征谱主成分以及全谱与特征谱分别输入BP神经网络进行样品的岩性分类与相互区分.在以上4种情况下,样品的岩性分类进行BP神经网络分析,4种结果中以特征谱的识别率为最高,是98.89%;样品的相互区分进行BP神经网络分析,也以特征谱的识别率为最高,是98.89%.实验结果表明,对全谱进行特征提取后得到的特征谱,可以代表全谱进行因子分析和BP神经网络分析,且能更准确与高效地完成样品分类与相互区分.     

邻近频率分量的频谱识别与校正法

提出一种自动识别和校正离散频谱中邻近谱峰参数的方法·该方法不仅保留了比值法计算简单的特点,而且既能识别间距不到一个频率分辨率的密集频率成分,又能校正峰间距为1～6个频率分辨率的邻近谱峰参数,从而与比值法相辅相成,形成一套完整的离散频率信号分析方法·数值仿真结果证明了方法的有效性·     

空气氧化对钢液成分直接测量的影响

搭建了一套基于激光诱导击穿光谱技术的钢液成分直接测量实验系统,针对钢液表面被空气氧化的问题进行了实验,评估了氧化层对测量结果的影响.在此基础上,利用氩气作为保护气,对比分析了不同氩气流量下,钢液内各元素谱线强度和测量稳定性的变化趋势.结果表明:钢液氧化会令大部分合金元素在表面富集,从而使相关谱线的相对强度增大,因此不宜...     

样品形态对激光诱导土壤等离子体特性的影响分析

将激光诱导击穿光谱技术应用到土壤检测中,分析了土壤样品形态对激光诱导等离子体特性的影响.采用波长1 064 nm的Nd-YAG脉冲激光器作为激发光源,在实验室大气环境下对粉状和片状2种形态土壤样本诱导产生激光等离子体,测量并分析了样品形态和粒径大小对元素特征谱线强度、等离子体温度和电子密度的影响.实验研究表明,相同实验条件下,粉状土样的激光等离子体温度和电子密度均高于片状土样,但片状土样的元素特征谱线强度更大,且受土壤粒径大小的影响较小,适用于土壤重金属元素的LIBS分析检测.     

采用激光吸收光谱法在线分析磷矿粉

提出了一种测试磷矿粉中Ｐ２Ｏ５成分的激光吸收光谱法，该方法具有实时，在线的特点，能较好地满足磷酸盐工业对于Ｐ含量分析高精度的要求。     

LIBS技术在冶金成分在线检测中的应用

利用GS-LIBS2200激光成分分析仪对冰铜和低镍锍熔体成分进行了长期在线检测,并与XRF的检测结果进行了对比,结果显示:359炉次奥炉电炉熔炼冰铜熔体和96炉次沉降炉低镍锍熔体的LIBS在线检测结果与XRF的取样检测结果具有较好的一致性.说明GS-LIBS2200激光成分分析仪具有较好的长期测量稳定性和冶金现场环境的适应性.LIBS技术实现了冶金熔体成分的在线检测,对于提升冶炼品质和进一步改进冶炼技术具有重要意义.     

一种提高激光三角法薄板在线厚度测量精度的方法

提出了利用3个结构相同的激光三角测量模块,结合三同步驱动技术,通过保证上、下激光三角测量模块得到的厚度数据与第3路厚度补偿数据的同步来提高精度的方法.最后,采用统计上、下界法通过随机测试数据对测量系统的收敛性进行了分析.实验结果表明,该方法能够有效提高在线厚度测量精度.     

采用激光吸收光谱法在线分析磷矿粉

提出了一种测试磷矿粉中P2O5成分的激光吸收光谱法，该方法具有实时、在线的特点，能较好地满足磷酸盐工业对于P含量分析高精度的要求．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.