抗氧化干预对一次大强度运动后运动员血浆中白细胞介素-6含量和自由基代谢的影响

采用抗氧化物质干预,探讨由VE、VC和Se组成的联合抗氧化剂对一次大强度离心跑台运动后运动员血浆中白细胞介素6含量、自由基代谢的影响以及其减缓离心运动引起的自由基损伤和运动性骨骼肌微损伤的机制.结果显示,两组受试者血浆中IL-6含量在运动后均增高,其中对照组运动后24h的IL-6含量非常显著高于抗氧化剂组(P<0.01),运动后即刻、运动后48h高于抗氧化剂组;血清SOD活性,抗氧化剂组服药后呈升高趋势,运动后各时项均高于对照组,其中运动后即刻(P<0.05)、运动后24h(P<0.01)出现显著性差异;血清GSHPx活性,抗氧化剂组运动后即刻和运动后48h均非常显著性(P<0.01)高于对照组;血清MDA水平,运动后两组各时项均升高,其中对照组运动后24h显著(P<0.05)、运动后48h非常显著(P<0.01)高于抗氧化剂组.以上结果表明,联合抗氧化剂能够降低运动应激及运动性骨骼肌微损伤引起的IL-6升高,提高抗氧化能力和减少MDA的生成,推断联合抗氧化剂对大强度离心运动引起的自由基损伤和骨骼肌微损伤具有保护作用.     

血浆和尿液8-OHdG含量作为运动机能监控标志物的可行性分析

15名青年男子田径运动员在功率自行车上进行一次力竭运动,于运动前1d(Baseline)、运动前(Pre-Ex)、运动后即刻(Post-Ex)、运动后24h(Post-24h)、48h(Post-48h)和72h(Post-72h)分别测定肌肉酸痛强度,血浆、尿和淋巴细胞中8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-OHdG)含量以及血浆中肌酸激酶(CK)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量,探讨8-OHdG作为运动机能监控标志物的可行性.结果显示,肌肉酸痛强度在运动后即刻明显升高(P0.01),24h达峰值(P0.01),72h恢复至正常水平;血浆CK活性在运动后24h开始升高(P0.01)并持续至72h(P0.01);血浆MDA含量和淋巴细胞8-OHdG含量均在运动后即刻显著升高(P0.01),24h恢复至安静水平(P0.05);血浆和尿液中8-OHdG含量在各时间点均无显著性变化(P0.05).血浆和尿液中8-OHdG含量在Baseline、Pre-Ex的两次测试间均无显著性差异,日间变异系数(CV)分别为72.8%(95%CI:57.2%~99.9%)和87.8%(95%CI:66.1%~130.5%).ELISA法测定8-OHdG的批内CV为2.25%~4.67%,批间CV为5.25%~7.12%.以上结果表明,虽然力竭运动可造成氧化应激、淋巴细胞DNA损伤和运动性肌肉损伤,但由于血浆和尿液中8-OHdG含量存在显著的日间生物节律变异,因此可能不是运动机能监控(DNA氧化损伤及过度疲劳)的敏感标志物.     

二硫苏糖醇对小鼠运动耐力、肝组织自由基代谢、肝糖原含量及血清GPT活性影响研究

研究了二硫苏糖醇(DTT)对小鼠运动能力的影响,并以牛磺酸(Tau)和维生素C作阳性对照.结果表明,与牛磺酸组和维生素C组比较,服DTT组小鼠的游泳时间明显延长(P<0.05);小鼠游泳力竭即刻肝细胞MDA含量明显降低(P<0.05),血清GPT活性下降幅度比牛磺酸组和维生素C组大;肝组织SOD活性升高幅度大于牛磺酸组,小于维生素C组.这说明含有双羟基双巯基的二硫苏糖醇是一种有效的自由基清除剂,可减少运动后因脂质过氧化而产生的内源性自由基对机体的损伤,保护细胞膜的完整性,具有增强抗氧化酶活力和提高小鼠运动能力的作用.     

玛咖与西洋参缓解体力疲劳作用对比试验研究

目的初步研究玛咖和西洋参对缓解体力疲劳的作用。方法用四批动物,每批70只昆明种小鼠,按体重分成7组,分别给予去离子水,0.040、.4和1.2g/kg玛咖;0.04、0.4和1.2g/kg西洋参,连续灌胃30d后,分别测定四批小鼠负重游泳时间及运动后即刻的血清尿素、肝糖原的含量;运动前、运动后即刻及运动后休息20min的血乳酸含量。结果0.4g/kg和1.2g/kg玛咖可明显延长小鼠负重游泳时间(与阴性组比较P<0.05和P<0.01),0.04和0.4g/kg西洋参能明显延长小鼠负重游泳时间(与阴性组比较P<0.01和P<0.05);3剂量组的玛咖对小鼠血清尿素无明显影响(与阴性组比较P>0.05),1.2g/kg西洋参可显著降低小鼠运动后的血清尿素水平(与阴性组比较P<0.05);3个剂量的玛咖与西洋参均可增加小鼠的肝糖原含量;0.4和1.2g/kg玛咖可降低运动前后血乳酸变化值(与阴性对照组比较P<0.01),各剂量的西洋参对小鼠运动前后血乳酸变化值无明显影响。结论玛咖和西洋参都具有缓解体力疲劳的功能,但两者对小鼠血乳酸和尿素氮的影响不同。     

大负荷运动对摔跤运动员内分泌指标影响

为研究大负荷运动刺激下古典式摔跤运动员适应性内分泌指标的变化规律,选择男性优秀古典式摔跤运动员11名,动态观察在大负荷运动前后以及1d后促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、生乳素(PRL)、黄体生成素(LH)、皮质醇(C)、血清睾酮(T)指标和红细胞压积(Hct)的变化.结果:ACTH从运动后即刻起至运动后次日浓度有上升的趋势;而FSH,PRL和LH在运动后即刻上升(P<0.01,P<0.05),而在运动后次日就已经有恢复的趋势(P<0.01,P<0.05);血清皮质醇先升后降,血清睾酮在运动后即刻没有明显变化,而在运动后次日上升,表现出来的T/C比值持续升高;而血细胞压积(Hct)变化不明显.结果提示,大负荷运动对古典式摔跤运动员内分泌指标中的ACTH,T的升高有长时效应;而对FSH,PRL,LH和C的变化出现即刻效应.     

葛根素对运动大鼠血清自由基代谢及运动能力的影响

通过建立竭力游泳训练模型,测试大鼠血清SOD、GSH-Px、GSH、T-AOC、MDA含量,探讨葛根素对运动训练大鼠血清自由基代谢及运动能力的影响.研究结果表明,安静时葛根素组大鼠血清SOD、T-AOC高于对照组,而MDA含量低于对照组(P<0.05);运动后即刻和恢复24 h葛根素组大鼠血清SOD、GSH-Px活性、T-AOC显著高于相应对照组(P<0.05),而MDA含量明显低于相应对照组(P<0.05);且葛根素组游泳时间较对照组有显著延长(P<0.05).葛根素可显著提高运动大鼠抗自由基氧化的功能,使小鼠运动能力有了明显提高.     

耐力训练后再力竭运动对小鼠血液部分生化指标的影响

建立了小鼠(雄性)耐力训练后再力竭运动的模型,测定了其血清谷丙转氨酶(SGPT)活性、血清谷草转氨酶(SGOT)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量与血红蛋白(Hb)含量的变化,探讨了耐力训练对提高机体抗疲劳能力的可能机制.实验结果显示,非耐力组运动即刻SGPT活性、SOD活性、SGOT活性、POD与CAT活性发生显著变化(P<0.05～0.01),而MDA与Hb含量无显著变化(P>0.05).耐力组运动即刻SGPT及CAT活性显著高于非耐力组(P<0.05～0.01),两组间SGOT活性、SOD与POD活性及MDA与Hb含量均无显著差异(P>0.05).经24h恢复后,非耐力组SGPT活性、CAT与SGOT活性及MDA含量均较运动即刻具有显著变化(P<0.05～0.01),而SOD与POD活性及Hb含量则无显著变化(P>0.05).耐力组SGPT活性、SGOT活性、CAT与SOD活性均较运动即刻有显著差异(P<0.05～0.01),POD活性、MDA与Hb含量则无显著变化(P>0.05).恢复后两组间SGPT活性、SGOT与CAT活性及Hb含量具有显著差异(P<0.05～0.01),SOD及POD活性则无显著差异(P>0.05).实验结果提示,耐力训练提高机体抗疲劳能力的可能机制与耐力训练能提高部分抗氧化酶的活性、保护组织并显著降低MDA含量有关.     

一次力竭性离心运动对大鼠血清肌酸激酶(CK)活性的影响

通过建立大鼠下坡跑运动损伤模型,研究一次力竭性离心运动后不同时刻大鼠血清CK从亚细胞水平探讨一次力竭性离心运动后,骨骼肌超微结构损伤发生的机制,为运动训练和大众健身提供理论依据.将雄性SD大鼠48只随机分为6组(每组8只):安静对照组(C),运动后24h组(E2),运动后即刻组(E0),运动后48h组(E3),运动后12 h组(E1),运动后72 h组(E4),以速度16 m/min,坡度-16°进行跑台运动,运动100 min后,休息5 min,然后再运动100 min.在不同时刻观察大鼠血清CK活性的变化,结果表明:运动后即刻血清CK活性(2 035.42±426.49 U/L)与对照组血清CK活性(293.66±76.07 U/L)相比,非常显著的增高(P0.01),达到了峰值,而后逐渐恢复,运动后72 h组血清CK活性(425.51±143.34 U/L)与即刻组血清CK活性相比已显著恢复(P0.01),与对照组相比没有统计学意义(P0.05),但没有完全恢复到安静时水平.一次力竭性离心运动后即刻大鼠血清CK活性显著增高,而后逐渐恢复,运动后72h接近正常,血清CK活性的变化能够反映运动后骨骼肌超微结构损伤的状况.     

中药沙苑子抗疲劳作用研究

探讨中药沙苑子对大鼠脑组织EAA,IAA含量的影响及其抗疲劳作用,为沙苑子在运动生物学方面的应用提供实验依据。建立运动疲劳动物模型,测试大鼠脑组织海马、间脑脂肪族EAA,IAA含量,Glu/GABA比值变化和大鼠运动至运动疲劳的时间。与安静对照组比较,运动对照组海马和间脑EAA含量均下降(P<0.05),IAA含量均升高(P<0.01/P<0.05);运动加沙苑子组海马EAA含量下降(P<0.05),IAA含量升高(P<0.05);间脑EAA中Glu含量下降(P>0.05),Asp含量下降(P<0.05),IAA中,GABA含量升高(P<0.01/P<0.05)。与运动对照组比较,运动加沙苑子组海马和间脑EAA含量均升高(P>0.05),IAA含量均下降(P<0.05)。与安静对照组比较,运动对照组、运动加沙苑子组两个脑区的Glu/GABA比值下降(P<0.01/P<0.05);与运动对照组比较,运动加沙苑子组两个脑区Glu/GABA比值升高(P<0.01)。运动加沙苑子组运动至疲劳的时间比运动对照组延长(P<0.05)。沙苑子可以影响海马、间脑脂肪族EAA,IAA含量及Glu/GABA比值,延缓中枢神经疲劳的发生,提高大鼠抗疲劳水平。     

蔗糖与西洋参对小鼠糖原影响的试验研究

目的初步研究蔗糖和西洋参及二者配伍对小鼠糖原的影响。方法用三批动物,每批40只昆明种小鼠,按体重分成4组,分别给予去离子水、0.7g/kg蔗糖水、0.33g/kg西洋参及西洋参蔗糖配伍。30d后分别测定小鼠运动前、运动后即刻及运动后休息36h的血糖、肝糖原和肌糖原含量。结果(1)与阴性组比较,西洋参和蔗糖可增加运动前的肝糖原储备(P<0.01,P<0.05),而蔗糖与配伍组可增加运动后即刻的肝糖原含量(P<0.05,P<0.01);(2)与阴性对照组比较,蔗糖与配伍组可明显增加运动前(P<0.01,P<0.05)、运动后的肌糖原含量(P<0.05)。(3)与阴性对照组比较,试验各组的运动前、后及运动后休息36h血糖差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论本研究为蔗糖、蔗糖与西洋参配伍用于保健食品或运动饮料中可延缓疲劳的产生提供了参考数据。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.