面向脚本事件预测的稠密事件图嵌入

脚本事件预测是指在给定现有上下文事件链的情况下预测后续事件.在现实世界中，不同事件的关系可以自然地表示为图结构，以事件为节点，以时间或因果关系为边.由于语料库规模有限和信息提取工具的能力不足，先前工作中自动构建的事件图会存在稀疏性问题，并且无法集成来自高阶节点的信息以支持多步推理.为了解决这个问题，本文提出使用可学习的多维加权邻接矩阵的稠密事件图（DEG）来解决之前事件图存在的稀疏性问题并表征事件之间的关系强度.为了实现DEG的嵌入表示，本文同时提出了一个通用框架，该框架能够将高阶事件演化信息组合到事件表示中.在多选叙事完形填空（multiple choice narrative cloze，MCNC）和连贯多选叙事完形填空（coherent multiple choice narrative cloze ，CMCNC） 数据集上进行了实验，结果证明了此框架的有效性.     

基于注意力和图网络的多粒度脚本事件推理方法

[目的]对于一些覆盖面广、延续时间长的事件(如台风、洪水等自然灾害),考虑事件演化过程复杂多变,所获取的事件信息存在疏密程度不均的问题,研究其事件推理问题.[方法]提出一种基于注意力机制和图网络的多粒度脚本事件推理方法,通过提取及合并不同粒度的事件信息以获得更丰富的事件语义信息,并结合图注意力网络和事件转移概率矩阵以充分利用密集事件连接提升推理性能.具体而言,首先采用自注意力机制从事件链中获得事件片段,并结合单个事件和事件片段的表示扩展模型输入信息,然后充分利用密集的事件连接,从海量事件新闻中提取事件链构建事件演化图来获得事件转移矩阵,提高模型推理准确率.[结果]在多个真实台风事件以及标准数据集上的实验结果表明,本文所提方法优于传统的基于事件链、基于事件对以及基于事件图等的事件推理模型.[结论]采用自注意力机制从事件链中获得事件片段,并结合单个事件和事件片段的表示扩展模型输入信息可以缓解事件稀疏带来的推理困难问题;仅采用时序关系不能完全表示基本事件链与候选事件的关系,构建事件演化图可以更好的提取事件间的复杂交互信息;多粒度事件信息的融合可以更好地反映候选事件与基本事件链的关系.     

基于贝叶斯方法的事件推理

为了处理逻辑推理中，事件信息不确定不完整的情况，本文在传统事件演算的框架下，引入了贝叶斯概率的算法思想，给出了基于贝叶斯方法的事件推理的方法，实现了对传统方法的有效扩展。该方法能在网络诊断、交通事故推断等重要领域得到很好的应用。     

基于推理线索构建的事件关系识别方法

利用同一话题下的事件元素在话题内的分布特性以及事件元素在话题演化过程中的语义依存规律, 提出基于推理线索构建的事件关系识别方法。实验结果显示, 相比于基于核心词和实体推理的事件关系识别方法, 所提出的方法在F值上获得9.57%的性能提升。     

体育视频中基于语义推理的事件检测方法

为了对视频内容进行语义级别的事件分析和索引 ,进一步满足用户访问大规模体育视频库的需求 ,提出一种 3层次的视频语义推理方案。在最底层 ,提取视频特征 ,并提出一种视频语义片段自动分割算法 ;在第二层 ,把各语义片段映射到语义概念 ;在最高层 ,建立视频语义事件的有限状态自动机模型 ,进行事件推理和识别。实验结果表明 ,该方案可以有效地进行视频事件识别 ,检测的精度和速度都可以得到很好的保证     

基于事件本体的Web服务动态组合

提出了一种基于事件本体的Web服务动态组合方法.将服务与事件本体中的事件类进行映射,组合服务即是本体中的复杂事件类,服务请求即是一个事件的实例化.用户输入服务请求以后,可以通过事件本体的推理,找到用户请求对应的事件类;再根据事件本体中的事件间关系进行推理,找到它的组成事件类或者后继事件类,从而得出服务和服务之间的关系和交互;最后根据组合规则执行服务.实例验证该方法是有效的和可行的.     

裁定文书中企业破产事件的自动化抽取

提出了一种企业破产事件抽取框架,该框架可以从法律裁定书等卷宗资料中检测出相应的法律事件,并抽取出与事件相关的结构化要素信息.该框架结合从法院所获得的裁定书等卷宗信息,运用远程监督技术来构建模型训练数据;再通过命名实体识别技术对句级别的文书进行序列标注;最后结合自定义的事件触发词表与事件字典,运用事件抽取技术对法律文书进行事件识别,并给出对应事件的结构化信息.实验结果表明本框架能够取得较高的事件识别精度,是一种有效的企业破产事件抽取框架.     

突发公共事件基于本体的元事件模型研究

突发公共事件时有发生,如何应用历史突发公共事件,快速获取应对当前突发事件的解决思路,以应对突发的公共事件,是急需解决的关键问题.通过对突发公共事件实体层级体系的研究,将其公共属性进行描述和抽取,采用OWL语言对突发公共事件的本体进行了描述,并给出了突发公共事件的元事件的定义,讨论了元事件之间的相互关系.结合CBR的相关理念,提出了基于元事件的突发公共事件的推理机制,使得决策者依据元事件库可以快速地获得应急处置方案;最后实例验证和说明该模型具有良好的应用效果.     

基于核心依存图的新闻事件抽取

基于核心依存图(kernel dependency graph,KDG)的事件抽取主要通过语义结构进行匹配。在已构建的越-英-汉南海新闻框架网络基础上,主要对KDG语义分析模式、基于核心依存图的新闻事件抽取分析以及核心依存图生成和新闻事件信息抽取进行研究。研究重点包括典型KDG、零形式框架元素和框架元素融合等特殊KDG的分析模式,面向事件信息抽取的KDG的表示模式和标注例句自动生成KDG的过程。研究结果表明,基于KDG的事件信息抽取方法直观明了、语言学理据充分,具有一定的可行性,对新闻文本中的语义线索发现较为适合。目前已经可以从已完成框架语义标注的例句中自动生成KDG并抽取出相应的事件模型。     

端点模糊的区间代数

由于现实世界中事件的持续时间难以精确测量,以及起始时刻及结束时刻的模糊性,使得Allen的敬意代数不能很好地刻画事件的模糊时间区间,用事件的持续密度函数的概念来表示事件的持续时间,并用时间区间来近似持续密度函数,使得可以应用Allen的区间代数来进行相应的时态推理。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.