金叶复叶槭水培嫩枝组织培养体系研究

【目的】筛选基本培养基、增殖和生根培养基最佳激素组合,探索炼苗移栽方法,建立金叶复叶槭组织培养体系,为该树种优良种苗规模化生产提供新途径。【方法】以金叶复叶槭水培嫩枝为试材,通过单因子逐步筛选法,研究MS、WPM、B₅培养基对初代培养,6-BA、TDZ和NAA对增殖培养,IBA和NAA对生根培养,以及相对湿度对移栽成活的影响。【结果】MS和WPM诱导外植体腋芽萌发率显著高于B₅培养基,但MS培养基在促进新芽伸长生长方面优于WPM。6-BA、NAA与低浓度的TDZ联合使用可有效地提高不定芽增殖系数,在MS附加0.5 mg/L 6-BA、0.01 mg/L TDZ、0.06 mg/L NAA的增殖培养基中,每个外植体可增殖5.8个新芽。添加生长素可显著提高增殖芽生根率,添加IBA生根效果显著好于NAA,1/2 MS附加0.05 mg/L IBA即可使生根率达100%。85%的相对湿度条件下组培苗移栽成活率可达95%。【结论】适宜金叶复叶槭水培嫩枝组培快繁的基本培养基为MS培养基,最佳增殖培养基为MS + 0.5 mg/L 6-BA + 0.01 mg/L TDZ + 0.06 mg/L NAA;最佳生根培养基为1/2 MS + 0.05 mg/L IBA;金叶复叶槭组培苗对移栽基质要求不高,保湿是关键。     

蜻蜓凤梨快速繁殖的研究

通过对蜻蜓凤梨快速繁殖进行研究,结果表明:用蜻蜓凤梨试管苗茎的中部进行诱导侧芽效果比较好,培养基为MS 6-BA3.0mg/L IBA0.3mg/L 蔗糖30g/L 琼脂7g/L;增殖阶段适宜培养基为MS 6-BA3.0mg/L IBA0.3mg/L 蔗糖30g/L 琼脂7g/L或MS 6-BA4.0mg/L IBA1.0mg/L NAA1.0mg/L 蔗糖30g/L 琼脂7g/L;生根阶段适宜培养基为1/2MS NAA0.5mg/L 活性碳0.1%.蜻蜓凤梨组培苗容易移栽成活,移栽成活率可达95%以上.     

箭头唐松草的离体快速繁殖

以箭头唐松草的茎段作为外植体接种到附加不同生长物质的培养基中,诱导其成为完整植株。该种植物的外植体适宜在MS GA(0.1 mg/L) 6-BA(1.2 mg/L) NAA(0.5 mg/L)培养基上分化成苗;在MS GA(0.5 mg/L) NAA(0.5 mg/L) 6-BA(1.8 mg/L)培养基上增殖,增殖率可达5~11;无根苗在1/2MS 6-BA(0.1 mg/L) NAA(0.5 mg/L) IBA(0.3 mg/L)培养基上迅速长根,生根率100%。     

高盆樱桃的组培快繁研究

【目的】通过对高盆樱桃外植体灭菌方法的筛选和培养条件的优化,解决高盆樱桃在快速繁殖中存在的丛生芽诱导率低、增殖率低、生根难等问题,为建立高盆樱桃组培快繁体系奠定基础。【方法】以高盆樱桃带芽茎段为外植体,探讨了外植体的灭菌方法、基本培养基类型(MS、1/2 MS和1/4 MS)以及不同外源激素(6-BA、NAA和IBA)对丛生芽诱导、丛生芽增殖、生根等过程的影响。【结果】高盆樱桃茎段在75%乙醇灭菌20 s,0.1%升汞灭菌300 s时,污染率最低。在MS培养基中添加1.2 mg/L 6-BA和0.1 mg/L IBA时,丛生芽诱导率最高(82.22%)。在MS培养基中同时添加0.8 mg/L 6-BA、0.06 mg/L IBA、0.08 mg/L NAA时丛生芽增殖效果最好,增殖率为7.32。1/2 MS+IBA(0.5 mg/L)培养基有利于生根,生根率达92.22%。【结论】高盆樱桃带芽茎段适宜的灭菌方法为75%酒精处理20 s后,再以0.1%升汞处理300 s; 丛生芽诱导的适宜培养基为MS+6-BA(1.2 mg/L)+IBA(0.1 mg/L); 丛生芽增殖的适宜培养基为MS+6-BA(0.8 mg/L)+IBA(0.06 mg/L)+NAA(0.08 mg/L); 适宜高盆樱桃生根的培养基为1/2 MS+IBA(0.5 mg/L)。以体积比为1(河沙):1(腐殖质):2(蛭石)的混合基质为移栽基质时,试管苗移栽成活率可达72.2%。该试验结果可为高盆樱桃的规模化生产提供一定的理论基础和技术支撑。     

火龙果茎段离体培养快速繁殖试验

选取火龙果当年春季抽出的未老熟茎段作外植体，以MS为基本培养基，诱导腋牙生长及继代培养时附加6－BA和NAA，6－BA浓度为1.0-12.0mg/L,NAA浓度为0.2-0.8mg/L，诱导生根时附加IBA，IBA浓度为0.5mg/L,1.0mg/L,1.5mg/L,试验结果表明：以MS基本培养基附加6-BA2.0mg/L NAA0.2mg/L有利于诱导腋芽生长，附加6－BA12.0mg/L NAA0.1mg/L有利诱导增殖和继代，附加IBA1.5mg/L诱导生根最好，生根培养7d后始生根，培养20d生根率达96.7%，将火龙果生根苗移栽到菜园土和细砂基质，成活率均达100％，以细砂为基质的移栽苗木生长较好，说明火龙果的组培苗移栽需要有良好的透水，透气条成活率均达100％，以细砂为基质的移栽苗木生长较好，说明火龙果的组培苗移栽需要有良好的透水，透气条件。     

影响金边瑞香脱毒苗继代增殖及生根的因素

研究了金边瑞香脱毒苗继代增殖与生根的若干影响因素.结果表明,在改良MS附加6-BA 0.5 mg/L和NAA 0.1 mg/L培养基中,70%的茎段基部能发生3～6倍的芽苗;除培养基外,苗质和温度影响了生根率;继代培养基中加入0.05 mg/L～0.1 mg/L PP333有利于形成健壮苗;第1次未生根的二类苗,经第2次再培养的生根率可达到87.3%.     

文心兰的快速繁殖和试管苗移栽

通过对文心兰试管苗的增殖、生根以及试管苗的移栽进行研究。结果表明：影响试管苗增殖和生根的最敏感的因素是培养物的生理状态，其次为激素的比例。其培养方案为：(1)增殖培养：选择原球茎为培养物．培养基为：MS 6-BA3.0mg／L NAA0.2mg/L 0．1％活性炭；(2)生根培养：选择具有3片叶子，高约6-7cm的小苗作为培养物，培养基为：MS 6-BA3.0mg/L NAA0.3mg／L 0.1％活性炭．并将发育形成的试管苗经“炼苗处理”后，移栽成活。     

药用植物桔梗组培快繁体系的建立

以药用植物(桔梗)种发无菌苗幼嫩茎尖、茎段为外植体,附加不同种类、不同质量浓度的激素进行组织培养,建立了快速繁殖体系.得出如下最佳培养基组合:诱导分化培养基MS 6-BA1.0mg/L NAA0.05 mg/L;增殖培养基MS 6-BA0.4 mg/L NAA 0.1 mg/L;生根培养基1/2 MS NAA0.5 mg/L和1/2MS IBA0.5 mg/L.为桔梗优良株系的繁育和利用提供了有效途径.     

厚荚相思离体培养的初步研究

作者用厚荚相思（Acacia crassicapa)种子获得的无菌苗进行离体培养。结果表明：采用改良的MS 6-BA 0.5-2.0mg/L NAA 0.1-0.2mg/L培养基均能诱导芽的分化和增殖，其中以改良的MS＋6－BA1.5mg/L NAA0.1mg/L为最适宜的培养基。培养30d后，芽繁殖系数可达到4.0。以1／2MS IBA0.5-1.0mg/L培养基培养20d后，生根率可达83.0%以上。生根苗的移栽基质以蛭石较好。     

酸樱桃组织培养及快速繁殖技术研究

以芽苞、茎尖和茎段为外植体,在MS培养基中加入不同浓度的6-苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA)、萘乙酸(NAA)、吲哚丁酸(IBA),对酸樱桃(Prunus Cerasus)进行了组织培养快速繁殖技术的研究.结果表明:以MS 6-BA2.0mg/L IBA0.1mg/L为酸樱桃最适宜增殖培养基,增殖率为4～5倍.壮苗培养基为不加激素MS培养基.适合诱导生根的培养基为1/2MS IBA1.0mg/L,生根率为93%.以蛭石 珍珠岩体积比1∶2为培养基的组培苗移栽成活率最高,达到86%以上.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-