分数阶黏弹性模型在饱和软土与单桩相互作用中的应用

引入基于分数阶导数的Merchant模型,以描述饱和软土的黏弹性特征,并通过积分变换推导出变换域内的应力-应变关系;根据弹性-黏弹性对应原理,得到横观各向同性分数阶黏弹性饱和软土地基的解答,并将其作为地基边界元解的核函数;基于轴向受力的2节点桩单元的单元刚度矩阵,构建单桩的有限元解;将地基的边界元解和桩的有限元解进行耦合,以求解地基与单桩的相互作用问题;随后,设计算例验证本文理论的正确性,并对分数阶次对桩-土相互作用的影响进行分析。     

直角坐标系黏弹性层状地基荷载作用下的解析刚度矩阵解

基于直角坐标系下黏弹性力学的基本控制方程,通过Fourier-Laplace变换及矩阵理论,推导出三维空间问题和平面应变问题在积分变换域的解析解,进而得到相应问题的精确单元刚度矩阵;然后根据对号入座原则组装得到总体刚度矩阵;通过求解总体刚度矩阵形成的代数方程,得到层状地基相应问题在积分变换域内的解答;应用Fourier-Laplace逆变换技术,得到其物理域内的解。求解黏弹性问题退化的弹性问题并与已有解答进行比较,验证本文计算方法的正确性,并分析黏弹性地基黏滞系数对沉降的影响。研究结果表明:黏滞系数越大,土体的蠕变越明显,地基达到最终沉降的时间将越长。     

动载荷作用下无限长FGM梁在分数阶黏弹性地基上的精确解

基于分数阶微分Zener型黏弹性地基模型,建立动载荷作用下无限长FGM梁在分数阶黏弹性地基上的运动控制微分方程。利用傅里叶和拉普拉斯变换将控制微分方程简化为代数方程。首先在频率域内得到解答,然后利用傅里叶和拉普拉斯逆变换以及卷积定理将解答再转换回时间域内,得到黏弹性地基上FGM梁的挠度、速度、加速度、弯矩和剪力响应的精确解。最后,计算了冲击荷载作用下弹性地基FGM梁的动态响应,给出了x=0处梁的垂直速度和弯矩的响应曲线,其形状特征和均匀材料梁相同,且材料梯度指标p对结果的影响较小。     

弹性地基上夹紧圆板加热后的非线性轴对称自由振动

根据弹性地基上的加热圆板非线性轴对称自由振动的无量纲常微分控制方程,结合周边夹紧的边界条件,采用打靶法得到了数值解答.分析了不同无量纲地基刚度系数k对应的1阶热屈曲模态,给出了无量纲升温μ对应的前3阶无量纲自然频率,同时得出了不同无量纲地基刚度所对应的前3阶振动模态.     

桥台后路堤多级加载下黏弹性饱和成层软土地基一维固结分析

将桥台后路堤荷载简化为横截面梯形分布的半无限条形荷载,基于Boussinesq弹性力学解答推导得到桥台后软土地基内竖向附加应力计算公式,由此考虑初始孔隙水压力非均匀分布特性.结合桥台后路堤多级加载的Laplace变换递推公式,运用Laplace变换及其逆变换方法求解Terzaghi固结与Kelvin黏弹性应力应变联合微分方程,获得桥台后路堤多级加载条件下黏弹性饱和成层软土地基固结变形解答.算例分析结果表明:该解答具有合理性和可靠性,计算结果可为桥台后软土地基沉降分析提供参考.     

弹性地基上加热圆板的非线性轴对称自由振动

基于von Karman薄板理论和Hamilton原理,运用假设时间模态法,得到了弹性地基上加热圆板非线性轴对称自由振动的常微分控制方程.考虑不可移简支边界条件,采用打靶法得到了一阶屈曲位形下的前3阶振型的数值结果.结果表明:随地基弹性系数增加,热屈曲临界温度增加;在小振幅的情形下,振型对屈曲构型的影响和地基系数对振型...     

层状地基与弹性薄板相互作用的边界元解

将无限大薄板的基本解作为薄板边界积分方程的核函数,对薄板的内部和边界进行离散,并假定薄板内部和边界上的节点与地基反力的分布情况,得到薄板的边界元方程组;同时基于层状地基的解析层元解,通过Guass-Legendre积分得到地基柔度矩阵;结合地基与薄板接触面上的位移协调条件,得到层状地基与薄板共同作用问题总的边界元法方程组;求解该方程组,得到层状地基与薄板共同作用问题的解答.基于本文理论,编制了相应的FORTRAN程序,通过与已有文献结果对比验证本文理论及程序的正确性,数值分析结果表明:方形基础薄板情况下,离板中心越近,垂直于坐标轴y(x)方向、距离相等的2条线段的竖向位移差越小,且该位移差随着板-土刚度比减小而减小;随着板长宽比的增大,板中心点与长边中点位移差变化不明显,而短边中心与边界角点的位移差也有相类似的规律.     

软土地基基坑开挖对临近桩变形影响的时效分析

为解决软土地基基坑开挖条件下,邻近桩基水平位移随时间逐渐发展的问题,结合两阶段分析方法,第一阶段引入三维分数阶Merchant黏弹性模型来描述软土的蠕变特性,采用对应性原理和Laplace积分变换方法,求得附加应力的Mindlin时域解;第二阶段将桩基看作Pasternak地基上的Timoshenko梁,将所得附加应力加载在桩基上,建立桩基的变形微分方程,利用有限差分法对方程进行求解,得到考虑桩基剪切效应及桩土剪切层厚度的桩基水平位移时域解. 通过与已有文献中的算例进行对比,验证了该方法的正确性. 最后,对三维分数阶Merchant黏弹性模型参数（剪切模量、体积模量、黏滞系数、分数阶）进行了影响因素分析. 结果表明,所得方法能够较好地反映基坑开挖引起邻近桩基水平位移随时间的发展规律.     

分数阶黏弹性模型的蠕变柔量:广义Zener和Poynting-Thomson模型

分数阶黏弹性本构方程对黏弹性材料特性的描述起着重要的作用．在Schiessel等提出的分数阶单元法和徐明瑜等提出的广义分数阶单元网络的基础上，应用离散求逆Laplace变换的方法，给出并讨论了广义分数阶单元网络Zener和Poynting-Tnomson模型的蠕变柔量．     

动载荷作用下无限长FGM梁在分数阶粘弹性地基上的精确解

基于分数阶微分Zener型粘弹性地基模型,建立动载荷作用下无限长FGM梁在分数阶粘弹性地基上的运动控制微分方程。利用傅立叶和拉普拉斯变换将控制微分方程简化为代数方程,首先在频率域内得到解答,然后利用傅立叶和拉普拉斯逆变换以及卷积定理将解答再转换回时间域内,得到粘弹性地基上FGM梁的挠度、速度、加速度、弯矩和剪力响应的精确解。最后,计算了冲击荷载作用下弹性地基FGM梁的动态响应,给出了x =0处梁的垂直速度和弯矩的响应曲线,其形状特征和均匀材料梁相同,且材料梯度指标p对结果的影响较小。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.