一种并行计算通信优化策略

为了解决在ABEEMσπ模型电荷分布计算中,基于Cholesky分解并行算法在通信过程中不断增长引起的通信开销和同步开销问题,采用linux并行计算集群系统层通信优化方法,设计并实现了系统层零拷贝通讯优化方法,以及可卸载的LKM模块机制缩短开发和测试时间,减少数据拷贝冗余的基于地址映射的零拷贝技术,解决了通讯延迟等问题。测试结果表明:基于零拷贝的通讯优化方法保证了数据信息的及时性、高效性与准确性,大大提高了Cholesky分解并行算法的通信性能。     

基于神经网络的并行布局算法

根据神经网络串行布局算法 ,进一步研究并提出了与布局问题相适应的神经网络并行计算模型及并行布局算法 ,以负载平衡及系统通信开销最小为目标 .理论分析结果表明 ,运用该算法能达到此目标 ,且具有布局质量高、收敛快、计算简单等特点 ,适于神经网络并行布局     

Cholesky分解并行算法的性能评测

完成对ABEEMσπ模型电荷分布计算的Cholesky分解并行算法的性能评测.在评测过程中,利用通信性能基准测试工具MPBench及其改进后的测试程序分析了该算法中的通信对并行性能的影响.分析结果表明在cpu增长到一定数目后,此算法的通信开销严重影响了并行性能的提高,应该采取相应的解决措施.     

基于MPI的三维枝晶生长相场法的并行计算

充分利用MPI(message passing interface)在并行环境下远高于单CPU的强大计算能力,探索基于MPI的并行系统结构,求解三维枝晶生长的高性能计算方法.通过多进程的并发执行,实现三维相场方程求解的并行计算,探讨MPI中点对点通信与集合通信在并行计算时数据传输的效率,讨论热噪声幅值Fu=0与Fu=10-3时三维枝晶生长过程.计算结果表明:基于MPI的并行算法可使模拟尺度达到1 000×1 000×1 000网格,大大提高可模拟尺度;采用集合通信模式比点对点通信模式具有更高的并行效率,更加适合大规模并行计算环境.     

基于空间域分解的交通网络仿真并行化方法

为了提高交通网络微观仿真的速度,节省仿真运算时间,将并行计算技术应用于微观交通仿真中,建立了交通网络并行仿真模型并在工作站集群上实现.模型中采用了基于空间域分解的并行方法,该方法可以将不同地理位置的交通子网分配到集群中的每台结点机进行仿真运算.通过在5个不同规模路网上的并行仿真实验,对提出的交通并行仿真模型进行了测试.实验结果表明,该并行仿真模型可大大减少交通网络仿真计算时间,与单机仿真相比,并行仿真平均可节省62.9%的运行时间.同时由于随着结点机数量的增加,并行仿真中的通信开销也会相应增加,因此对于特定的交通网络方案及仿真逻辑,存在最优的结点机数量使得仿真运算时间最少.     

并行支持向量机算法及其应用

针对当前支持向量机计算效率的不足,提出了改进的并行支持向量机技术.该算法能有效使内积运算、向量数据更新、矩阵向量实现并行计算,并且数据之间的通信时间能和向量更新时间重叠,从而提高了计算效率,并能保证泛化能力.数据仿真结果表明,与改进前的算法相比,2 500个样本下能节省时间30%左右,样本量增大时,效果更为明显.     

结构非线性动力分析显式积分并行算法

对同时具有几何非线性、材料非线性和边界条件非线性的结构动力分析问题的并行性进行了讨论。提出了能有效用于该问题并行计算的双重区域分解法 ,重新规划了各处理机与宿主机间的任务分配。采用了数据整体传送技术 ,不需要处理子域交界面上的“影响单元”,减少了算法的复杂度 ,降低了通信开销。对 3 2 3 0 4 5阶自由度、 62 5 0 0时间步的大规模冲击接触问题进行了并行计算 ,在网络机群环境下采用 8个处理机并行计算时的并行效率为 84 .6%。结果表明 ,该并行算法对大规模非线性问题的并行计算非常有效     

WVP3——1个基于Win32的可视化并行程序开发平台

针对网络并行计算中使用的并行软件环境对非专业人员来说使用难度大且大多是基于UNIX环境开发的特点,构造了1个基于Win32系统的可视化并行程序开发平台(WVP3)．该平台提供了可视化界面,并对底层的并行软件进行了较好的封装,使得Windows用户及非计算机专业人员也可以进行并行程序设计．计算时,只需利用该平台提供的工具将并行问题以图形的形式描述出来,平台按照用户的任务描述自动生成任务间的通信语句,自动完成整个并行计算过程．此外,提供了平台的可视化任务描述手段及部分实现细节,描述了该平台使用的用户分析算法和处理机调度方法,并结合实例介绍了使用该平台进行并行程序设计的方法．     

基于JPWSPC的河网一维水动力学模拟并行计算研究

河网一维水动力学模型是平原河网、明渠输水渠道及天然河道水动力模拟、环境模拟和水沙动力学计算的基础模型.随着城市河网水系实时调度及防洪演算等水管理对计算速度要求的提高,以及并行计算技术的成熟,并行化模拟势在必行.本文采用MPI技术及面向对象的程序开发方法,对河网模拟中的预测校正模型(JPWSPC)实现并行化计算,提出了河网拆分和任务组合的基本算法,以包括树状及环状河网的经典算例为例,对算法并行性及拆分组合方法性能进行测试,分析并行算法的加速比和并行效率,并得到了河网拆分及任务组合中计算微段数与加速比的初步规律.     

RTM树脂充模过程的并行计算模拟

引入并行计算方法在集群系统上实现对RTM成型过程的数值模拟,并编写了并行数值模拟软件,模拟二维薄壁构件的RTM工艺的注模过程,得到任意时刻的树脂流动前锋曲线、压力场分布,计算结果与其他研究成果吻合良好.算例结果表明,并行数值模拟方法有效提高了计算效率.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to