运动员饮食中营养物质的种类和特点

运动员的合理饮食是恢复和提高机体工作能力的重要手段之一,是科学训练的一个重要环节。介绍了运动员饮食的主要特点,讨论了蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物在运动员饮食中的供能作用和合理比例,以及维生素、无机盐和水等营养物质在运动训练中的重要作用,认为要因项目特点、训练周期、季节变化以及个人差异,对膳食的搭配进行变化。     

科学训练，科技兴体

当今的竞技体育，“科学”一词已经深入到运动训练的各个领域和各个层面．最合理的训练安排、最大限度的挖掘运动员的潜力和延长优秀运动员的运动寿命，用科学的理论指导运动员在训练过程中的各个环节，是每一名教练员的工作职责。北京奥运会，我国运动员所取得的优异成绩是“科学训练和科技兴体”的写照。中国体育的全面振兴和崛起，没有科研的大力支持是无从谈起的。     

乌鲁木齐中学短跑运动的专项力量训练

力量是决定竞技体育运动成绩的重要体能因素，是评定身体训练水平的重要指标。全面发展身体素质，掌握正确的运动技术，能合理的应用技术技能．在比赛中取得好的运动成绩。这些都离不开对运动员力量的要求，力量对这些都起到了重要作用。中学短跑运动员科学的力量训练对于提高运动员利用能量的能力，从而提高运动员的运动成绩。     

优秀摔跤运动员生化指标监测的应用研究

随着竞技体育和科学技术水平的不断提高,运动训练的科学化越来越受到体育界的重视。利用客观、定量反映运动员机能状态的血液生物化学指标,对运动员的训练过程实施长期、系统的科学监测,不仅是提高运动员运动训练水平和竞技能力的重要保证,而且也能为教练员及时制定有针对性的训练计划,合理调控运动员的竞技状态提供科学的依据。     

代谢组学在监控运动员身体机能中的应用进展

代谢组学是一个全面的代谢物评估方法,包括测量生物样本的整体代谢标志物.用代谢组学方法研究运动训练的生物化学变化,可以及时、准确地了解训练对运动员身体机能的影响,系统全面地揭示不同项目运动中的物质代谢过程及特征,探寻运动训练引起运动员整体代谢的反应规律,充分发挥整合生物学的优势.结合代谢组学方法从代谢物层面反映运动训练后整体代谢特征模式,并根据代谢模式制定科学、合理、个性、安全的训练计划和膳食营养方案,对达到最大化运动训练效果、提高运动成绩、促进运动员健康具有重要意义.主要介绍了代谢组学在运动员身体机能监控中的应用现状,随着组学技术的不断发展,代谢组学将在运动医学以及运动人体科学研究的各个领域具有广泛的应用前景.     

对青少年举重运动员选材的分析

科学选材是青少年举重运动训练的一个重要环节,也是目前运动训练科学研究中的一个重要课题.论文在运动训练实践中,结合举重运动的专项特点,对青少年举重运动员选材的6个要素进行分析,以期为青少年举重运动员的科学选材提供借鉴和参考.     

初探高原中长跑业余训练运动量的控制

中长跑运动成绩结构中，适宜的运动量是不可忽视的要素之一。本文认为，在高原进行中长跑训练，由于受低氧环境的影响，合理地控制运动量尤为重要。因而，必须根据受训地区不同的地理环境和气候条件，以及运动员不同的生理特点和运动机能水平，合理控制运动量，才能提高训练成绩。此外，在训练过程中还要注意技术、战术及心理和意志品质方面的培养，使高原中长跑训练在合理地控制科学地安排下顺利进行。     

无氧训练过程中的乳酸监控

无氧训练是提高运动员运动成绩的重要手段之一。血乳酸是评价运动员无氧训练强度的主要生理生化指标。在无氧训练过程中,如何运用运动员血液中血乳酸值的变化以及根据运动项目的特点及运动员的具体情况调整训练计划,有针对性地发展运动员的代谢能力,实施科学训练,具有重要的意义。     

大学生运动员运动营养的实验性研究

对大学生运动员训练期间营养进行监测,了解运动训练对大学生运动员的营养素指标变化情况,为运动营养教学、科学训练提供参考,为运动员合理膳食提供依据。     

篮球运动员膳食营养补充

篮球运动员的运动能力不仅取决于科学的训练、优秀的身体素质,而且取决于合理的膳食营养补充,合理的膳食营养补充有助于篮球运动员充分发挥训练效果和竞技能力.本文通过研究篮球运动的能量代谢与专项特点,归纳营养物质:糖、蛋白质、水分、维生素及无机盐在篮球训练或比赛中的作用与补充,总结合理膳食营养对篮球运动、篮球运动员的意义,设计出符合篮球运动员营养要求的膳食.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.