某电站地下厂房区域初始地应力反演分析

根据某电站地下厂房区域工程地质条件以及实测地应力资料,分析影响区域初始地应力的因素,建立电站厂房区域三维有限元模型,利用FLAC3D值计算软件对工程区域初始地应力场进行三维有限元模拟,在实测地应力值与计算地应力值之间建立多元回归模型,求出各回归系数,结果表明模拟得到的初始地应力场与实测地应力值相符,能够满足工程设计、施工的需要.     

基于人工神经网络的初始地应力场三维反分析

通过对初始地应力场的计算方法的回顾，结合有限变形理论和人工神经网络理论，提出基于人工神经网络的初始地应力场三维反分析方法。该方法综合了目前初始地应力场计算方法的优点，并考虑了我种因素对地应力场分布的影响。实例表明，按本文提出方法模拟的初始地应力场较为合理，且其精度也较高。此外，由于考虑了断层对初始地应力场的影响，可较好地解释实测地应力值分散的原因。     

某地下厂房初始地应力场的反演分析

本文讨论了某地下厂房的地形和地质条件，认为初始 地应力场是均布构造应力与自重应力场之和，并给给出了竖向线性分布地应力场反分析的基本公式，最后据此反演出该地应力场。     

基于地应力实测值的断层构造区域地应力场有限元回归反演分析

结合四川省长河坝水电站地下厂房硐室工程,考虑地形、地貌与断层等地质构造,建立了三维有限元模型,基于实测地应力值,采用多元线性回归分析方法对地应力场进行反演,以分析地下厂房区的地应力分布情况.结果表明：地下厂房硐室岩体地应力的实测值与有限元法所得反演值吻合较好,回归分析方法适用于对地应力场的反演;工程区域的水平地应力大于竖向地应力,并且地应力量值随着垂直埋深与水平埋深的增加而增大;断层附近的地应力出现了局部应力集中现象,须引起注意.     

复杂地质条件下初始地应力场反演分析方法

为获得较为合理和准确的初始地应力场分布,考虑了复杂地质条件中地形地貌及断层对地应力场的影响,提出了结合地层剥蚀模拟和侧压力系数法的地应力反演分析方法.该方法对侧压力系数法进行了改进,通过逐次开挖地层近似模拟地表剥蚀过程对现今地应力场的影响,并采用了隐含断层单元,将断层力学效应反映在岩体单元中,从而模拟断层附近地应力场的分布规律.最后对水电站地下厂房区域的地应力场进行了反演分析,结果表明:测点反演值与实测值符合良好,反演结果充分反映了河谷及断层区域地应力场的基本分布规律.     

某水电站地下厂房初始地应力场反演计算分析

拟建电站处于北西、北东及南北构造交汇的Y字型部位,地质构造条件复杂,应力水平高。结合电站地下厂房区地质条件,依据勘探中实测获得的地应力成果资料,采用多元线性回归有限元法对区域初始地应力场进行回归反演,并将结果与实测值进行对比分析。结果表明:地下厂房区构造应力占初始应力场比重较大,地应力场竖直方向(Z方向)以及水平方向(X方向、Y方向)的应力均大于自重作用产生的地应力,厂房区第一主应力量值在10.83~22.8 MPa范围,第一主应力方向为N30°W~S73°W,倾角19°~70°。研究结果可为地下厂房洞轴线方位确定提供依据。     

岩体初始地应力场对地下洞室围岩变形及应力的影响

基于施工力学的分析方法,建立了地下洞室开挖仿真计算的有限元列式、施工过程中岩体初始地应力场的释放上的卸荷是影响洞室稳定的主要因素,结合工程实例计算,分析了初始地应力场对地下洞室围碉变莆、应力的影响,结果表明,岩体的初始应力场侧向应力分量愈大,洞室侧墙内缩位移愈大而环向压力测有所减小,并使得顶拱沉降位移减小,环向压应力增大。     

某深切峡谷地应力场空间分布特征研究

运用三维线弹性有限元软件(3D-σ)模拟了某深切河谷地应力场的形成演化过程，从而得到了研究区的现今地应力场，并对研究区地应力场的空间分布特征进行了分析和讨论，最后提出了地下厂房分析设计的地应力建议值，并对其岩爆可能性进行了评价。     

某抽水蓄能电站地下洞室群围岩稳定参数敏感性分析

根据基本几何和物理条件建立某水电站地下洞室群三维弹塑性非线性有限元数值计算模型,分析不同取值的初始地应力场、岩体变形模量、抗剪强度参数变化对围岩稳定性的影响,分析锚杆支护轴力的分布规律;同时,分析了厂区分布的泥质粉砂岩层软弱夹层的分布和力学性质变化对围岩变形和锚杆支护的影响.计算结果可为类似工程提供洞室设计依据和基础分析数据.     

锦屏一级水电站地下厂区非线性地应力场反演

以锦屏一级水电站地下厂区现场工程为依托,提出一种新的地应力场反演方法.该方法考虑了大型结构面对地应力场的影响特征,将含有大型结构面的工程地质模型分区进行处理.首先,在线弹性的状态下,确定边界位移的搜索范围.继而,建立初始应力场拟合优化问题的目标函数,并采用一阶优化算法,有效的避免了繁琐的运算.最后,拟合结果表明精度较好,满足了工程的需要,从而证实了提出的地应力场反演方法的可适用性与正确性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.