基于“炉机对应”原则的炼钢—连铸调度模型

针对某特殊钢厂炼钢—连铸生产调度问题,首先,构建以炉机匹配度、连浇炉数以及过程等待时间等为主要评价指标的多目标优化调度数学模型.进而,对工艺流程结构以及炼钢、精炼和连铸三个工序的运行时间进行解析,分析合理的产品结构范围及不同产品结构下的生产组织模式.根据炼钢厂运行的"炉机对应"原则,运用柔性工序缓冲调节策略,协调优化炼钢、连铸工序间的生产节奏,求解不同生产模式下的调度方案.最后,通过仿真计算与实际生产状况的综合分析,验证了调度模型和求解策略的有效性和优越性.     

长材型特殊钢厂产品结构及产能

为了解决市场需求与钢厂产能之间的矛盾,讨论了在满足炼钢厂生产顺行的前提下如何合理安排生产,既满足诸多客户对各类产品的需求,又充分发挥炼钢厂产能,以国内某长材型特殊钢厂为例,结合产品结构和产能的概念,分析不同钢种间合理的生产比例及产能.从设备、工序和炼钢厂三个层面分析产品结构和产能之间的关系,并提出了合理产品结构及产能的计算方法.     

数据可视化技术在炼钢-连铸生产调度中的应用

在现代钢铁生产企业中炼钢-连铸已经成为生产的核心工序,在企业管理中其生产调度管理已经成为难点与核心问题。在炼钢-连铸的生产调度中不仅要协调好各个工序之间的生产进度,还要充分考虑和后续工序的衔接问题,所以,要求相应的调度系统一定要具备较高的动态性与实时性。而数据可视化技术的应用有效的解决了上述情况,充分发挥出了编制、监控、调整的作用。     

炼钢-连铸流程的炉机匹配

根据对钢厂炼钢-连铸流程中各工序的功能及相互关系的分析,建立炼钢-连铸流程简化模型,从理论上分析转炉和连铸机主要参数应满足的衔接匹配要求。在中冶连铸公司炼钢厂实际数据的基础上,借助Matlab仿真工具归纳比较不同物流瓶颈下可采取的炉机参数改进方案的利弊与匹配效果,提出进行炉机匹配的一般性改进方法和选择方案。最后,将其应用在中冶连铸公司炼钢厂的实例中,为其制定适应该厂的最佳炉机参数改进方案,在保证生产安全与流畅的前提下实现炉机参数的良好匹配。     

冶铸轧一体化生产合同计划优化问题研究

将炼钢—连铸—热轧—精整一体化生产过程,抽象为炼钢与热轧两大加工阶段,以板坯热装比最大、交货提前/拖期率和组炉余材率最小为优化目标,综合考虑炼钢与热轧的产能,以及钢种、板坯和成品规格等约束条件,建立生产合同计划数学优化模型,并采用双层染色体遗传算法进行求解.在合同计划层次上,解决了一体化生产过程中,连铸与热轧工序之间在钢种和规格上的匹配问题.获得的合同计划,是冶铸轧一体化生产的批量计划和静态调度优化问题的合理的生产定单池.仿真实例证明了模型的合理性与算法的有效性.     

应用改进遗传算法求解炼钢连铸生产调度问题

炼钢连铸制造流程是一个复杂的多阶段、多产品生产过程,其生产调度问题可建模为车间调度问题. 提出一个改进遗传算法求解炼钢连铸生产调度问题. 改进包括三个方面:基于排序的适应度分配、基于排序的工件过滤交叉算子和基于指数关系的变异率曲线. 经24个benchmark的比较测试表明,改进遗传算法比传统遗传算法的寻优能力更强. 通过16个生产计划和6个处理工序的炼钢连铸生产调度实例计算结果表明,改进遗传算法是有效的.     

炼钢连铸混合智能调度方法及其应用

在炼钢连铸生产工艺约束条件下,针对多设备、多工序、以及生产类型复杂的生产环境,目前还难以在合理时间内获得最优调度解,提出了基于规则的专家调度方法、基于规划的两阶段调度方法和基于多级模糊综合评价方法的混合智能调度方法,并在合理时间内得到一个有效的可行解。应用混合智能调度方法建立了智能调度架构,设计并开发了软件系统。该系统应用于国内某大型钢厂的生产调度,在缩短计划编制时间、减少钢水等待时间、提高设备利用率方面获得显著经济效益。     

炼钢─连铸生产的计划与调度结构

分析了炼钢－连铸生产工艺流程的特点，给出了一个炼钢－连铸生产计划与调度编制方法的总体结构，以及编制炼钢－连铸作业计划的基本程序     

炼钢-连铸过程生产计划与调度问题综合优化研究

生产计划与调度是炼钢厂生产管理与控制的重要环节。对特殊钢厂炼钢-连铸过程的生产计划与调度问题进行述评,对国内外其研究现状进行分析,并指出了其生产计划与调度结构的发展趋势。结果表明,合理的生产计划与调度方案,是特殊钢厂实现高品质、高效生产的重要途径,亦可对其全过程进行高效协调与管理,从而降低能耗和冶炼成本。     

炼钢连铸过程的Petri网实时调度模型

炼钢连铸过程是一个复杂而又典型的混合动态系统，但现有的混合动态系统理论难以对此进行直接分析和综合。文章提出一种区段赋时弧有色Ｐｅｔｒｉ网，其库所输出弧上标注的是以颜色为变量的时间区间函数，并从抽象混合动态系统的角度给出了这种Ｐｅｔｒｉ网的变迁规则。利用模块化思想，以区段赋时弧有色Ｐｅｔｒｉ网为工具，说明了如何建立一个电炉炼钢连铸过程的实时调度模型。基于这一模型，既可以仿真整个生产过程，又可以分析和综合实时调度策略。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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