轧制塑性变形对Zr65Al7.5Cu12.5Ni10Ag5非晶合金力学性能的影响

采用维氏显微硬度仪、扫描电子显微镜对铸态、轧制态Zr₆₅Al_7.5Cu_12.5Ni₁₀Ag₅非晶合金的硬度及剪切带形貌进行了研究,并对轧制变形量与合金的力学性能之间的关系进行了分析。结果发现,在室温轧制条件下,该合金最大变形量达到了95%;铸态试样的半圆形剪切带规律、平滑,随着轧制变形量的增加剪切带形貌变得越来越混乱,合金的硬度总体呈下降趋势。     

冷变形织构沿纯铜线材径向分布的研究

为了探讨显微组织与形变织构的相关性,对纯铜线材运用精确的线材织构测定方法进行织构测定,采用取向分布函数法(ODF)分析了织构沿纯铜线材径向的分布.研究表明:单晶铜线材表面织构组分由〈100〉,〈112〉与〈110〉组成.由表及里〈100〉呈现增加趋势,并在中心层成为主要织构组分;〈112〉先增加后减少;〈110〉呈现减少趋势.多晶铜线材表面织构组分有〈100〉,〈111〉,〈112〉.由表及里〈100〉呈现先增加后减少;〈111〉呈现增加趋势,并在中心层与〈100〉成为主要织构组分;〈112〉先减少后增加.     

不同取向条件下Al-Mg-Sc合金薄板的组织与性能

采用室温拉伸性能测试、金相组织观察、透射电子显微分析以及取向分布函数(ODF)测定研究冷轧态、冷轧-退火态Al-Mg-Sc合金(俄罗斯牌号01570)薄板在不同取向条件下的显微组织和力学性能.研究结果表明:合金薄板在横向、纵向和与纵向成30°方向的强度比45°和60°方向上的强度高,横向力学性能优于纵向力学性能,在45°方向的屈服强度最低,伸长率最高;冷轧态铝合金薄板具有明显的Brass织构{110}<112>,Copper织构{112}<111>和S织构{123} <634>,经350℃退火1h后板材的织构组态变化不大.合金板材中弥散析出的Al3(Sc,Zr)粒子会促进{011}<112>变形织构的形成与稳定,阻止立方织构{100}<001>的形成;不同取向条件下Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr合金薄板的平面各向异性与合金的晶粒结构及晶体学织构密切相关.     

CoCrNiSi0.3中熵合金动态剪切性能及其织构演化研究

利用分离式霍普金森压杆对CoCrNiSi_0.3中熵合金进行动态加载，研究不同应变率下的压缩性能，发现其对应变率较为敏感，且有明显的应变率强化效应。准静态压缩下(应变率10^-4 s^-1),应变率敏感度m为0.13,而动态压缩下(应变率5 150 s^-1)m为0.25.通过帽型剪切实验，研究了该合金的剪切性能，结果表明准静态剪切屈服强度为330 MPa,动态剪切的屈服强度为630 MPa.随预留剪切区域宽度的增加，峰值应力有所下降，但剪切失效应变明显增加，当预留剪切区域宽度为50μm时，剪切应变高达12.8.通过剪切“冻结”实验，研究了剪切变形的增大对材料内部的晶粒微观结构和织构演化特征的影响。结果表明，晶粒内的几何必要位错密度随变形加剧而增加，变形织构向A、P类型织构演化，同时Cu型织构逐渐减少。在绝热剪切带形成前，功热转换计算的温升缺乏准确性，佐证了绝热剪切带的形成并不是由热软化引起的。     

岩石细观损伤演化与损伤局部化的数值研究

应用岩石破裂过程分析系统(RFPA2D),通过对非均质岩石试样在单轴压缩下损伤演化过程的数值模拟,研究了岩石变形破裂过程中的损伤演化和损伤局部化行为·模拟结果表明岩石的非均匀性及其结构尺度对损伤局部化模式有很大的影响·岩石在压缩条件下的损伤局部化主要有三种模式:平行剪切带,单一剪切带和共轭剪切带·在局部化剪切带出现时,材料所表现出的高度非线性主要是剪切带内的损伤汇合连通滑移引起的,而在剪切带外主要发生弹性卸载回弹作用·岩石应力应变曲线峰值后区的力学响应主要取决于细观单元变形的结构效应,而损伤局部化正是造成应力应变峰后曲线具有尺度效应的原因,非均质岩石的全应力应变曲线不能纯粹地认为是岩石的材料性...     

贵州从江地虎铜多金属矿床地质特征

地虎铜多金属矿位于从江地虎—翁浪—摆容韧性剪切带上,赋矿地层为下江群甲路组地层,围岩蚀变强烈,蚀变类型主要为硅化和绿泥石化,其次为绢云母化、黄铁矿化、黄铜矿化等,主要金属矿物有黄铜矿、黄铁矿、磁铁矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿,非金属矿物主要有石英、绿泥石、绢云母,矿石矿物主要在热液成矿期的石英—多金属硫化物阶段生成,矿体形态受该剪切带及其之上的次级褶皱联合控制,蚀变体控制着含矿带和含矿体的产出。     

高阶剪切理论下梯度直梁在热环境中的静动态响应分析

基于高阶剪切变形梁理论研究了两端不可移简支功能梯度梁在横向非均匀升温下的热屈曲和自由振动问题。首先依据高阶剪切变形梁理论和Hamilton原理建立了功能梯度梁受热-机载荷共同作用下的几何非线性动力学控制方程;在研究静态热屈曲问题时,把方程退化成强非线性边值问题,采用打靶法数值求解该边值问题,获得了横向非均匀升温下梁的屈曲构型,绘出了梁的变形随温度载荷及材料梯度参数变化的特征关系曲线;研究动态响应时,采用Navier方法数值求解所建立的动力学控制方程,获得了横向非均匀升温下梁的自由振动响应,数值比较了不同剪切理论下梁的前3解固有频率随跨高比、材料梯度参数变化的规律。结果表明,剪切变形、梁的跨高比、材料的非均匀性、温度变化对于高阶剪切功能梯度材料梁的变形及固有频率有很显著的影响。     

半工艺无取向硅钢加临界变形的织构演变

测定了半工艺无取向电工钢热轧(终轧温度在Ar1以下)到成品各工序的织构,以取向分布函数(ODF)的形式对加临界变形的半工艺无取向硅钢的织构演变作了分析.发现其热轧板表层织构基本是典型的铁素体再结晶{111}组分,心部和1/4厚度处以铁素体剪切织构和轧制变形织构为主.冷轧变形后,心部和表层织构组分比较接近,{111}、{112}和{100}面织构都增加,但{111}组分增加最明显.软化退火后,{001}<110>与{112}<110>组分迅速降低,织构组分以γ纤维织构为主.通过增加临界变形,在最终去应力退火后,{111}不利面织构大量减少,高斯组分增加明显.Taylor因子可以表征不同取向晶粒对变形能的储存能力,从轧制变形时Taylor因子的分布可以解释该实验结果.     

广东河台金矿构造特征及剪切带型金矿模式探讨

广东河台金矿的区域、矿田和矿床构造都是属于不同规模、级次及不同变形域类型的韧性剪切带,特别是控制矿床和矿体的是发育良好的深层韧性剪切带。河台金矿是典型的剪切带型金矿,所谓“剪切带型金矿”是受多级韧性剪切带构造控制,并以剪切作用为主要成矿机制的金矿床,可划分为剪切带糜棱岩型和剪切带脉型金矿,这两类是剪切带递进变形的产物。     

CONFORM连续挤压金属变形行为的模拟实验研究

为了模拟研究CONFORM连续挤压过程中金属的变形行为,本文设计了一种专门的模拟实验装置,并利用莫尔云纹法研究了模拟实验时金属塑性变形的分布情况。研究结果表明,CONFORM连续挤压时的金属塑性流动不同于常规挤压时的情形,在塑性变形区内存在一个剧烈剪切变形带。剧烈剪切变形带的存在有助于减缓挤压塑性变形的不均匀性,尤其是对于金属颗粒挤压时,非常有利于增强颗粒之间的结合能力。     

深冲铝板坯冷轧显微组织、织构与力学性能

研究了不同冷轧工艺参数的深冲铝板坯（wA1＞99．75％）的显微组织、织构，测定了不同方向的力学性能；由D－500全自动X射线衍射仪建测极图，按Bunge的方法计算取向分布函数（ODF）；通过透射电镜观察变形显微结构．结合冷轧变形亚组织结构和织构特征，讨论了位错胞结构与板坯塑性变形和力学性能的关系，以及对板坯塑性各向异性的影响，预测材料深冲性能．分析认为，材料力学性能决定于变形组织结构和织构，随冷变形量增大，位错缠结胞变形并发生取向排列形成显微带，使材料产生力学性能各向异性及加工硬化．本研究显微组织和织构特征及力学性能分析结果表明，接近50％冷轧变形量的板坯中变形亚组织均匀、多种织构混存，有利于降低材料深冲制耳率．并经工业制罐试验验证．     

冷轧压下率对双辊铸轧硅钢形变和再结晶织构的影响

2.0 mm厚双辊铸轧Fe-2.8%Si-0.8%Al硅钢带坯进行直接冷轧和退火,研究了不同冷轧压下率样品的形变与再结晶织构特征.形变织构主要由α(110//RD),γ(111//ND)和λ(001//ND)纤维织构组分构成,其取向密度峰值分别位于{001}110,{111}110和{001}110~210.随压下率提高(40%~90%),各主要形变织构组分增强,压下率为60%时,剪切带特征最显著.再结晶织构包含Goss({110}001),Cube({001}100),λ,{113}361和{111}112等织构组分.随压下率提高,再结晶机制由剪切带形核主导转变为形变带和晶界形核主导,导致再结晶Goss组分减弱,而{113}361,Cube,λ以及{111}112再结晶织构组分增强.     

Phase formation,texture evolutions,and mechanical behaviors of Al0.5CoCr0.8FeNi2.5V0.2 high-entropy alloys upon cold rolling

The cold rolling (CR) reduction dependence of microstructure evolutions and mechanical properties for Al_0.5CoCr_0.8FeNi_2.5V_0.2 high-entropy alloy (HEA) were investigated. The HEA remains FCC structures consisting of nanoscale ordered L1₂ phase, confirming the phase formation prediction. With increasing CR reduction, the textures transform from random ones to FCC rolling ones accompanied by dense slip bands and deformation twins. Under a 50% CR reduction, the deformation textures started to become evident and were governed by typical {111}<112>F, {110}<100>Goss and {112}<111>Cu texture components. When the CR reduction approached 90%, the deformation textures mainly contained the {110}<111>A, {114}<110>X, and {112}<111>Cu texture components. As a result, both Vickers hardness and ultimate strength increased, but the ductility decreased roughly. The enhanced strength should be attributed to the anisotropy and work hardening behavior from textures. The plastic deformation for the samples under low CR reductions was dominated by deformation twins and slip bands. However, under high CR reductions, the textures severely impeded the further propagation of pre-existing slip bands, leading to the rapid decrease of ductility. Therefore, the CR reduction should be carefully designed before optimal heat treatments to enhance the strength and ductility synergy.     

Mechanism of surface texture evolution in pure copper strips subjected to double rolling

Developing ultra-thin copper foils with different surface roughness and microstructure has important significance for improving the service performance and reducing the production cost of high-end circuit boards. In this paper,pure copper strips with initial cube texture were subjected to a double rolling process(deformation amount ranges from 50% to 95%),and the surface textures evolution law and mechanism of doublerolled strips were studied by an X-ray diffraction technique. The results show that when a deformation amount increased from 50% to 70%,the grains of two surfaces rotate away from the cube orientation,and the formed textures of two surfaces mainly consisted of C,S and B orientation components. The orientation density values for these three components on bright surface only had slight difference; the orientation density values for C and S components were much larger than that for B components on a matt surface. When the deformation amount increased to 90%,the increase extents of orientation density values for C and S components were obviously larger than that for B components on a bright surface; the increase extents of orientation density values for these three components were almost the same on the matt surface. It has been found that when deformation amount reaches 95%,the grains orientation of bright surface were relatively concentrated,and the orientation density value for C texture obviously increased to 11.68 and that for B texture was only 3.15; the grains orientation of matt surface were relatively dispersed,and the orientation density value for C texture increased to 9.26 and that for B texture obviously increased to 6.35,and the density values of these two textures had less difference. For the condition of strong compressive and shear stress on the bright surface,grains were mainly rotating to C texture orientation; compared with the bright surface,"semi-free" deformation condition on the matt surface is beneficial to promote much more grains to rotate to the B texture orientation.     

异步轧制取向硅钢织构的模拟研究

本文系统地阐述了异步轧制剪切变形条件下板材冷轧织构的模拟计算理论；采用矢量法根据实测的ＯＤＦ构造板材的原始组织、在假设临界滑移系开动几率均等的条件下，运用Ｔａｙｌｏｒ模型对取向硅钢的亚表层和中心层的冷轧织构进行电算模拟；在此基础上，对剪切变形条件一些轧制因素的影响进行了讨论。     

微观组织和织构对H65黄铜带材折弯性能的影响

电子产品关键部件小型化对黄铜合金带材折弯性能提出了更高的要求。研究了微观组织和织构对H65黄铜带材折弯性能的影响规律和影响机制。结果表明：带材平行于轧向折弯较垂直于轧向折弯更易于产生表面褶皱和裂纹,且随着折弯半径的减小,折弯性能降低。折弯变形过程中带材外表面易形成剪切带,所产生的剪切变形是造成表面褶皱和开裂的主要原因。微观组织不均匀、较强的Brass织构易导致带材折弯过程中产生剪切变形,造成带材折弯性能下降。通过调控热处理工艺来调整带材织构,减少或抑制剪切带的产生,能够提升带材的折弯性能。     

镁合金AZ31动态再结晶行为的取向成像分析

利用背散射电子衍射(EBSD)取向成像技术分析了具有不同初始织构的镁合金AZ31动态再结晶晶粒的取向特征以及与相邻的形变晶粒的取向关系.结果表明:不同初始织构以及不同应变量下动态再结晶新晶粒与形变晶粒的取向都相近,说明动态再结晶以连续方式进行,即亚晶转动方式.随形变量的增加,不同初始织构试样的晶粒都转向基面取向,但菊池带衬度图像显示大的形变晶粒内部很少有亚晶界存在并且菊池带质量高,说明塑性滑移机制仍在起很大作用但在靠近晶界处发生,形变晶粒是通过平行于压缩面方向剪切晶界而逐渐消失的.动态再结晶晶粒与相邻形变晶粒的取向差表明不同初始织构造成不同的取向差,但总的趋势是相同的.     

轧制织构的计算机模拟

分析了金属轧制变形的模拟过程,提出了新的形变模型(PC模型)。PC模型修正了多晶体内各晶粒变形时的切变边界条件,允许各种切变在变形过程中部分存在,从而使模拟更接近实际晶体变形过程。与多晶铝轧制织构的比较表明,PC模型能更好地表达轧制过程中面心立方金属各晶粒取向,在取向空间内的流动倾向及最终稳定位置。     

Effects of asymmetric rolling process on ridging resistance of ultra-purified 17%Cr ferritic stainless steel

In ferritic stainless steels, a significant non-uniform recrystallization orientation and a substantial texture gradient usually occur, which can degrade the ridging resistance of the final sheets. To improve the homogeneity of the recrystallization orientation and reduce the texture gradient in ultra-purified 17%Cr ferritic stainless steel, in this work, we performed conventional and asymmetric rolling processes and conducted macro and micro-texture analyses to investigate texture evolution under different cold-rolling conditions. In the conventional rolling specimens, we observed that the deformation was not uniform in the thickness direction, whereas there was homogeneous shear deformation in the asymmetric rolling specimens as well as the formation of uniform recrystallized grains and random orientation grains in the final annealing sheets. As such, the ridging resistance of the final sheets was significantly improved by employing the asymmetric rolling process. This result indicates with certainty that the texture gradient and orientation inhomogeneity can be attributed to non-uniform deformation, whereas the uniform orientation gradient in the thickness direction is explained by the increased number of shear bands obtained in the asymmetric rolling process.