一品红愈伤组织的诱导与分化

以一品红的茎段、叶片、苞片及叶柄作外植体接种于Ms附加不同激素的培养基中,研究愈伤组织的诱导效果以及不同激素组合对愈伤组织分化出芽的影响。结果表明,在起始培养中以Ms BA 0．1 mg／L NAA0．1mg／L 2,4-D 2 mg／L的效果最好,最易诱导出愈伤组织,其中苞片的诱导效果优于其它外植体。在BA与NAA不同浓度组合中,茎段的诱导效果最好,其次是叶柄和苞片,叶片的诱导效果较差。愈伤组织分化产生芽的频率较低,继代培养中易出现各种颜色的次生代谢物。     

仙客来愈伤组织诱导和不定芽形成

以仙客来品种"国旗红"成株的叶片和叶柄为外植体,分别接种到MS培养基(Murashige & skoog)+6-苄基嘌呤(BA) 2.0(mg/L,下同)+萘乙酸(NAA) 0.5和1/2MS+BA 2.0+激动素(KT) 0.25+2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D) 0.5两种培养基,研究外植体类型、培养基、切割方式和摆放方法对愈伤组织诱导和不定芽形成的影响.结果表明, 叶片是诱导愈伤组织和形成不定芽的理想外植体;将带主脉的叶片,以反面向上的方法接种到1/2MS+BA 2.0+KT 0.25+2,4-D 0.5中诱导效果最佳,愈伤组织诱导率达100%,不定芽形成率和平均个数分别为66.67%和4.0.此外,对不定芽的继代培养进行研究, 结果表明,不定芽可继代增殖.     

杜仲叶片愈伤组织诱导及增殖培养条件的优化

以杜仲嫩叶为外植体,运用正交试验优选6-BA、NAA、2,4-D和PVP四种物质组合,进行杜仲愈伤组织诱导及增殖试验。结果表明:(1)这四种物质对杜仲愈伤组织诱导的影响顺序是6-BA>NAA>PVP,对增殖的影响顺序是6-BA>NAA>2,4-D。利用杜仲叶片诱导愈伤组织最佳培养基为MS+0.5 mg.L-16-BA+0.5 mg.L-1NAA+2%PVP。(2)增殖培养基中添加1.0 mg.L-16-BA+0.5 mg.L-1NAA+1.0 mg.L-12,4-D为最适增殖组合,能明显提高杜仲愈伤组织增殖系数。应用优化的杜仲愈伤组织诱导及增殖培养条件,能获得较大量的愈伤组织,使规模化生产杜仲有效成分成为可能。     

菊花愈伤组织的诱导及器官再生

利用植物组织培养技术已大量繁殖出各种花卉。菊花茎、叶片、花托的组织培养已有报道,而以叶柄作为外植体的组织培养尚未见报道。本文阐述观察生长素NAA、2,4-D与细胞分裂素BA的不同浓度组合对菊花叶柄、茎段愈伤组织诱导及植株再生的影响,以及再生苗与实生苗的叶柄外植体愈伤组织的诱导和芽分化的比较。     

驱蚊香草愈伤组织的诱导和增殖

以驱蚊香草（Pelargonium graveolens）的幼嫩叶片为外植体,接种于附加不同浓度的NAA、2,4-D、6-BA、KT及其组合的MS固体培养基上,结果表明：单独使用4种植物生长调节物质对驱蚊香草愈伤组织的诱导在一定浓度范围内都有效果,其中单独使用KT时效果不太明显;最佳的组合培养基为MS＋2,4-D0．2mg／L＋6BA0．5mg／L．在黑暗和光照培养条件下．愈伤组织的增殖呈“S”型,且生长周期均为30d．     

沙枣叶片愈伤组织诱导研究初报

以沙枣叶片作为外植体,以MS为基本培养基,用两种不同浓度激素的组合,筛选5组培养基进行继代愈伤组织及增殖诱导.结果表明,沙枣叶片诱导愈伤组织的最佳培养基为MS 6-BA 0.5 mg/L NAA 1 mg/L kT1 mg/L 2,4-D 2 mL 25 g蔗糖 6 g琼脂(pH=5.5),诱导率达86.67%;以MS 6-BA 0.5 mg/L NAA0.5 mg/L kT1 mg/L 2,4-D 2 mL 25 g蔗糖 6 g琼脂(pH=5.5)作为愈伤组织增殖培养较理想.     

不同生长调节物质对宣木瓜愈伤组织的诱导

以宣木瓜(Chaenomeles speciosa Nakai)种子的子叶、胚轴为外植体,研究不同生长调节物质对愈伤组织诱导的影响.结果表明:(1)在子叶诱导实验中,2,4-D比NAA更高效地诱导出愈伤组织,且愈伤组织生长量大,经过继代培养后仍能保持较好的长势.2,4-D与KT组合的效果好干2,4-D与BA的组合.筛选试验表明:MS 2,4-D(1.0 mg/L) KT(0.1 mg/L)对子叶愈伤组织诱导及其生长效果较好.(2)胚轴愈伤组织诱导率达到87%,而子叶的诱导率较低,为69%.虽然NAA的诱导效果较好,但愈伤组织生长速度较慢;2,4-D能高效诱导愈伤组织,但容易出现玻璃化.提高NAA,2,4-D和BA的浓度,愈伤组织呈现水浸状的比例和程度都会相应提高.试验中,2,4-D(0.1 ng/L) BA(0.3 mg/L)处理对胚轴愈伤组织的诱导效果较好.     

南方红豆杉组织培养和紫杉醇含量测定

比较了从南方红豆杉的芽及幼茎诱导愈伤组织的情况,并对愈伤组织的增殖条件进行了研究,利用HPLC方法测定了愈伤组织合成紫杉醇的能力,结果表明以芽作为外植体在附加2．0mg/L 2,4-D 和0．5mg/L NAA的MS培养基上,产生愈伤组织的速度较快,诱导效果最好,第5天即有愈伤组织发生,且诱导率可达100％,附加0．5mg/L,2,4-D,1.0mg/L NAA和0．5mg/L KT的B5培养基较适合愈伤组织的增殖,生长率达7．74g/L,紫杉醇含量达干重的0．0098％。     

唐古特白刺愈伤组织诱导及再生体系的研究

以唐古特白刺(Nitraria tangutorum Bobr.)子叶、下胚轴、根为外植体, 接种在不同浓度激素配比的培养基中, 研究愈伤组织的诱导及植株再生.结果表明: 子叶和下胚轴是诱导愈伤组织的良好外植体; 以MS补加2,4-D(0.5～1.0 mg·L-1)或6-BA(1.0～2.0 mg·L-1)+NAA(0.5～1.0 mg·L-1)可100%高频产生愈伤组织;在MS+6-BA 2.0 mg·L-1+NAA 0.5 mg·L-1培养基上,下胚轴可产生不定芽; 最佳增殖培养基为MS+6-BA 0.5 mg·L-1+NAA(0.5～1.0 mg·L-1),增殖系数为5.75; 最佳生根培养基为1/2 MS+IBA 0.5 mg·L-1,生根率达94.6 %.     

薄荷愈伤组织诱导与分化研究

本文研究了薄荷愈伤组织诱导与分化的影响因素。以薄荷茎段为外植体,研究培养基、激素水平对愈伤组织诱导、增殖培养的影响;以叶片为外植体,探讨叶片的愈伤组织诱导;以茎段、叶片和叶柄为外植体材料,比较不同外植体的愈伤组织诱导率。实验结果表明:MS比1/2 MS、B5培养基更适于茎段的诱导培养,诱导率达80%;叶片愈伤组织的诱导率为100%,以MS+1.0 mg/L BA+0.1 mg/L KT+0.5 mg/L NAA为最佳诱导培养基;幼叶是不同外植体中诱导效果最好的,以MS+0.5 mg/L BA+0.1 mg/L NAA为最佳诱导培养基。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.