淀粉-甲基丙烯酸甲酯-醋酸乙烯酯接枝共聚反应研究

以玉米淀粉为接枝骨架,硝酸铈铵为引发剂甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）和醋酸乙酯（ＶＡＣ）为接枝单体,进行了接枝共聚,研究了单体用量,反应时间,引发剂秀量以及两单体配比对淀粉甲基丙烯酸甲酯－酯酸乙烯酯接枝共聚反应的影响,结果表明,当单体和淀粉用量比为２：１,引发剂浓度４．５×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ反应温度３０℃,反应时间２ｈ,ＭＭＡ和ＶＡＣ重量比为６：４时,可得到较高的接枝效率和接枝率,用核磁共振谱对接枝交     

聚丙烯酸甲酯—二乙烯苯微球的制备

通过无皂乳液聚合方法制备了单分散性好的丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＡ）－二乙烯苯（ＤＶＢ）交联微球。研究了引发剂、单体、交联剂的用量、温度、搅拌速率、离子强度对聚合反应速率和微球粒径的影响。得到了外形较规则、粒径为７３０ｎｍ左右、分布均匀的交联丙烯酸甲酯－二乙烯苯微球,其制备条件是：以双蒸馏水为反应体系,Ｃ（ＭＡ）０＝０．８７１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,Ｃ（ＤＶＢ）＝０．０６７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,Ｔ＝７０℃,转速为３００ｒ／ｍｉｎ,     

含氢聚硅氧烷/丙烯酸丁酯复合乳液的研究——影响乳液流变性及反应速率的因素

详细讨论了在一次加料法制备含氢聚硅氧烷（PHMS）／丙烯酸丁酯（BA）复合乳液中,单体、乳化剂、引发剂及反应温度对聚合反应速率、转化率和乳液流变性能的影响．结果表明：PHMS／BA复合乳液的表观活化能和聚合速率方程分别为：Ea＝132．77KJ／mol,（I为引发剂,E为乳化剂）该乳液呈假塑性流体特征,随PHMS、功能单体N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺（NMA）用量增加,乳液粘度增加;乳化剂用量增加,反应温度升高,粘度降低．选择适当的原料配比和反应条件,可在较高的反应速率下,制得转化率高、性能稳定PHMS／BA复合乳液．     

低温自交联印花粘合剂的合成与应用

采用预乳化种子乳液聚合技术，合成具有核/壳结构的自交联粘合剂；研究乳化剂用量、核/壳单体比例、功能性单体的选择、反应温度和时间等对粘合剂性能的影响，应用实验表明其各项性能指标都能达到国家标准。     

含氟丙烯酸酯共聚乳液合成工艺的研究

通过种子乳液聚合法合成含氟丙烯酸酯共聚乳液,探讨增溶剂β-环糊精（β-CD）用量、引发剂过硫酸铵（APS）用量、反应温度、含氟单体甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯（DFHMA）用量、乳化剂十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）用量对单体转化率的影响。结果表明：β-CD的加入对单体最终转化率影响不大,且单体的转化速率随着β-CD用量的增加而降低;APS含量为0.6wt%时,所得共聚乳液转化率高,稳定性好;最佳反应温度为80℃;转化率随DFHMA含量的增加而逐渐降低。     

香草醛改性壳聚糖制备的研究

在水溶液中,壳聚糖与香草醛发生希夫碱反应,生成改性壳聚糖ＶＣＧ。ＶＣＧ的接枝率与反应时间、反应温度、接枝单体的加入量有关,最高可以达到５２％。反应的表观活化能为６．６４ ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。通过红外光谱分析,可初步确定ＶＣＧ的分子结构。     

阴离子有机硅乳液的制备

介绍了八甲基环四硅氧烷（D4）阴离子有机硅乳液的制备方法;对由D4、十二烷基苯磺酸（DBSA）、交联剂和水组成的阴离子乳液体系进行了研究,探讨了温度、乳化剂和交联剂等对聚合的影响．结果发现,以D4单体为原料、DBSA（与D4单体质量之比为10％）为乳化剂,在反应后期（即D4转化率为80％时）滴加交联剂所得乳液体系的性能较好．     

醋酸乙烯/丙烯酸-β-羟丙酯共聚乳胶的研制

用丙烯酸-β-羟丙酯作改性单体,采用乳液聚合法,通过"种子聚合"、"分段加料"方式,合成了醋酸乙烯/丙烯酸-β-羟丙酯共聚乳胶,探讨了改性单体、乳化剂、引发剂的用量对乳胶性能的影响,确定了较佳的制备工艺;测试了共聚乳胶所配制的粘合剂的剥离强度,测试结果及卷烟工艺试验结果表明,由该共聚乳胶所配制的卷烟粘合剂能满足8 000支/分钟高速卷烟机卷烟粘胶工艺要求.     

醋酸乙烯/丙烯酸-β-羟丙酯共聚乳胶的研制

用丙烯酸-β-羟丙酯作改性单体,采用乳液聚合法,通过"种子聚合"、"分段加料"方式,合成了醋酸乙烯/丙烯酸-β-羟丙酯共聚乳胶,探讨了改性单体、乳化剂、引发剂的用量对乳胶性能的影响,确定了较佳的制备工艺;测试了共聚乳胶所配制的粘合剂的剥离强度,测试结果及卷烟工艺试验结果表明,由该共聚乳胶所配制的卷烟粘合剂能满足8000支/分钟高速卷烟机卷烟粘胶工艺要求.     

过渡金属乙酰丙酮配合物引发淀粉与烯基单体接枝共聚

研究了Ｍｎ（Ⅲ）、Ｃｏ（Ⅲ）、Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）和Ｖ（Ⅳ）的乙酰丙酮配合物引发淀粉与ＭＭＡ、ＡＮ、ＡＭ和ＡＡ接枝共聚合反应的引发活性。实验表明，４种引发体系中，Ｍｎ（ａｃａｃ）３的引发活性最佳，它可以有效地引发淀粉与上述４种单体的接枝共聚合反应，并获得较高的ＰＧ；Ｃｏ（ａｃａｃ）３和Ｃｒ（ａｃａｃ）３仅对水溶性烯基单体ＡＭ、ＡＡ有良好的引发活性；Ｖｏ（ａｃａｃ）２对４种单体的引发活性均较低。４种单体中，水     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.