基于JPEG2000及HVS的自适应水印算法

提出一个基于JPEG2000的自适应水印算法.该算法结合了EBCOT的编码特点及HVS特性,在量化的系数中筛选重要系数实现水印嵌入,使嵌入图保持良好的视觉效果,也使嵌入的水印信息在经历EBCOT编码后仍具有较强的鲁棒性.     

基于JPEG2000及HVS的自适应水印算法

提出一个基于JPEG2000的自适应水印算法。该算法结合了EBCOT的编码特点及HVS特性,在量化的系数中筛选重要系数实现水印嵌入,使嵌入图保持良好的视觉效果,也使嵌入的水印信息在经历EBCOT编码后仍具有较强的鲁棒性。     

基于多小波变换的分形水印算法

结合多小波变换和分形技术,提出并实现了一种新的盲水印算法.在对图像进行多小波变换后,选取其中频系数某个方向上的小波系数,对此方向上小波系数中的各个小波所对应的系数块分别进行分形编码,在分形编码时通过限定搜索域的方法来嵌入水印.实验结果表明,使用该方法嵌入的水印,相对其它同类水印算法,具有更强的鲁棒性,同时保证了较低的正向错误率.     

基于纹理特性的能量差调制视频水印算法

针对现有视频水印算法复杂度高、鲁棒性差的问题,提出一种基于残差纹理特征的能量差调制视频水印算法. 该算法首先利用视频编码过程得到的残差DCT系数进行区域纹理强度建模,然后依据纹理强度对DCT中高频系数的能量进行自适应调制实现水印的嵌入. 算法在不引入额外复杂计算过程的条件下,针对不同区域自适应地嵌入不同强度的水印信息,保证视频质量的同时提高水印的鲁棒性. 算法以H.264/AVC视频编解码器为测试实例,实验结果表明,本文提出的水印算法在保证视频质量和编码码率的情况下,对重编码、滤波和噪声等攻击具有很好的鲁棒性,水印提取过程满足盲检测应用需求.     

应用于高清视频的数字水印改进算法

基于高清数字视频对水印的要求,以及对H.264编码和现有的基于DCT变换视频水印算法的研究,提出一种基于DCT变换AC系数的自适应视频水印算法,自适应选择Ⅰ帧纹理块作为嵌入块;通过计算AC系数方差选择修改系数嵌入水印信息;为了减少水印嵌入量和增加水印鲁棒性,采用Arnold置乱和改进的秘密共享方案对水印进行预处理.该算法充分保证了水印的不可见性,同时具有一定的鲁棒性,具有一定的理论和实际应用价值.     

一种基于部分MP3编码原理的音频水印

提出一种可抵抗MP3编码的音频水印方案.此方案对原始的PCM音频进行部分MP3编码,通过调整相邻的一对量化MDCT系数的大小关系嵌入水印信息,然后进行局部MP3解码得到含水印的PCM信号.水印提取时不需原始信号,只要依次比较相应频带中相邻的一对MDCT系数的大小即可.由于水印算法考虑到MP3编码的性质,所以对MP3有优良的稳健性.实验表明该水印方案在隐蔽性和嵌入量方面也有很好的性能.     

一种基于MPEG-2 AAC编码的音频水印方法

提出了一种针对MPEG-2 AAC压缩音频的脆弱水印算法.该算法利用了AAC中MDCT量化系数大于15的Huffman编码特性来嵌入水印,并依据水印的频率分布和音频信号感知熵PE的大小对嵌入算法进行了分析和改进.实验表明,该算法具有较高隐藏率和良好的不可感知性,并且水印的嵌入和提取过程十分方便快速,适合进行实时分析.     

一种灰度水印的自适应鲁棒算法

以灰度图像作为水印嵌入．比一般的以随机序列串嵌入的水印算法更具有直观性。对灰度图像进行位平面编码,截取高几位的值作为水印数据嵌入图像,从而达到压缩水印数据的目的。同时提出,在小波域嵌入水印时只修改对应位水印数据为1的小波系数,以减少对原始图像的视觉破坏。并将水印嵌入重要系数中,平衡水印的鲁棒性和不可见性。仿真实验验证了算法能够抵抗多种攻击。     

基于分数阶变换的彩色图像自适应重构水印算法

首先, 采用分数阶Fourier变换算法, 对彩色图像进行分数阶频域变换, 分析图像的频域信息, 筛选出适合嵌入水印的系数, 作为水印的嵌入位置; 其次, 定义频域系数的隐蔽特性, 并对隐蔽特性进行分级, 使水印嵌入系数达到最优; 最后, 对二值化水印图像分块做提升小波变换和压缩感知测量, 将测量结果作为水印信息嵌入到载体图像中, 解决了当前多数水印算法嵌入信息冗余度高, 含水印图像抗攻击能力不足的问题. 实验结果表明, 该算法在抵抗几何攻击、 噪声干扰等方面性能良好, 显著降低了水印信息冗余度, 提高了嵌入的效率和水印信息安全性, 增加了水印算法的可靠性.     

小波域分形编码数字水印的研究

提出了一种新颖的基于小波域分形编码的数字水印技术.分形图像编码方法利用图像的局部自相似性构造分块迭代函数系统,通过保存放射变换参数实现对图像的编码.利用分形变换的编码解码过程中的某些不变参数,可以实现数字水印信息的嵌入和提取.但是空间域的分形编码会使得恢复图像产生明显的块效应现象,嵌入水印后的图像质量损失大.因此一种新的基于小波域细节子图的分形编码方法被提出和研究.利用小波域细节子图的自相似性构建迭代函数系统,实现对细节子图系数的编码.而后基于小波域分形编码,构造了一种新颖的水印嵌入提取算法.算法选取适当的小波细节子图,分块构造匹配池,根据嵌入的水印信号选择最佳匹配块实现水印信息的嵌入和提取.最后通过实验对水印算法受图像处理攻击时的鲁棒性作了分析和比较,嵌入水印的图像在遭受一般图像处理攻击,如滤波、有损压缩、噪声及几何攻击时水印均可读出.构造的基于小波域分形编码的数字水印技术得到了较满意的实验结果.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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