本体中概念间语义相似度和相关度混合计算方法

语义相似度计算广泛应用于自然语言处理中,但现有语义相似度计算方法没有充分挖掘本体结构中概念间的关系.笔者针对当前概念相似度计算的片面性和不完善性等不足,提出一种计算概念间语义相似度和相关度的混合方法.从有向边包含的特征属性对语义距离进行扩展,结合概念深度,将语义距离转换成语义相似度,通过引入概念间相关度计算,使最终概念语义相似度计算更加精确.并将该方法与人的主观判断结果进行比较,验证了该方法的可行性和有效性.     

基于最大树法的多文档文摘子主题划分

提出一种基于最大树法的生成多文档文摘子主题划分方法.对多文档集合中的句子进行基于语义词典的相似度计算,形成相似度矩阵.提出了将相同或相似的句子通过模糊聚类的方法归并成一类,每一类代表一个子主题,通过抱团结构分析划分出子主题.实验结果表明,生成的多文档文摘覆盖性强,冗余信息少,具有一定实用价值.     

语义相似计算驱动领域自动问答

研究实体相似性的认知心理特征和受限领域自动问答(QA)系统的形式特点.基于结构对齐和几何相似模型,把词语概念描述分解为属性部分和语义角色部分,各部分结构分别对齐后,计算对齐义原的关系距离,加权组合计算词语的相似度.该方法也适用于解析成语义向量表示的疑问句的相似度计算.融合通用本体、领域本体和领域知识文本,构造了支持语义计算求解某一银行QA问题的知识库.实验表明,该方法可以提高领域QA系统的用户满意度.     

基于语义绑定的分层视觉词汇库的图像检索

提出了一种解析复杂图像语义的模型——分层语义模型,给出了解析复杂语义和构造模型的方法.提出了基于分层语义模型的语义绑定的分层视觉词汇库的概念,给出了构造词汇库的具体方法和步骤,同时对词汇库细节问题给出了解决的方法.将提出的分层视觉词汇库应用于基于内容和语义的图像检索中,并给出了构建图像检索系统的方法和检索图像的步骤.该模型在图像检索中可同时满足基于图像内容的检索方式和基于图像语义的检索方式.实验结果表明,该方法比基于SIFT(Scale Invariant Feature Transform)特征向量的图像检索方法具有更好的性能.     

一种多层次语义视频对象分割算法

提出一种基于高斯马尔可夫随机场及规则化图划分的多层次语义视频对象分割算法,其主要特点是将视频序列帧中对象的分割看成是“内容树”结构中复合结点的形成过程.首先使用高斯-马尔可夫模型来进行视频帧内的最优标记场标定,然后引入规则化图划分准则进行过分割区域的合并,得到具有语义意义的视频对象.实验表明,本分割算法具有较高的准确性,误差的均值为11.375%,标准方差为0.94%.     

理解语义网实体:基于概念空间的摘要方法

为了快速准确地理解语义网实体,提出了基于概念空间的摘要方法.针对RDF数据的无序性问题,首先将一个实体的不同侧面的RDF数据划分到不同的概念空间中去.其次在同一个概念空间中的数据依照谓语聚类的方法进行组织.对于实体重用带来的RDF数据的可信度问题,根据数据的来源,在数据的权威性维度上对实体数据进行划分.针对实体数据的大规模特性,提出实体数据摘要的方法,综合基于结构的重要性、用户偏好以及来源文档的重要性对数据的重要性进行计算.实验结果表明:基于概念空间的摘要方法能够有效地帮助人们快速理解语义网实体;该方法相对于其他RDF浏览器有4%～17%的效率提升;在用户比较熟悉RDF的情况下,使用该方法能够提高20%左右的效率.     

汉语句型形式化及语义计算

提出以句法同构作为汉语句型划分的准则,并以此为基础,建立了汉语句型的形式化理论,包括汉语句型的形式化定义、句型的形式化描述、基于句型的汉语语句语义计算方法.     

粗网格划分下具有高精度的六面体广义协调元

针对薄壁结构三维实体有限元分析存在单元划分过多的问题,构造了一种能适应粗单元网格划分的六面体广义协调元.该单元以六面体十二结点等参元为基础,通过在单元不同坐标方向有选择性地补充非协调位移插值项,使得单元在粗网格划分下仍能保持良好的性能.所构造的非协调位移场满足网格无限划分时的边界极限协调条件,因而能确保单元收敛性.数值计算表明,该广义协调元具有很高的计算精度,能适应边长尺寸相差悬殊的单元网格划分.     

基于最大树法的多文档文摘子主题划分

提出一种基于最大树法的生成多文档文摘子主题划分方法。对多文档集合中的句子进行基于语义词典的相似度计算,形成相似度矩阵。提出了将相同或相似的句子通过模糊聚类的方法归并成一类,每一类代表一个子主题,通过抱团结构分析划分出子主题。实验结果表明,生成的多文档文摘覆盖性强,冗余信息少,具有一定实用价值。     

汉语句型形式化及语义计算

提出以句法同构作为汉语句型划分的准则,并以此为基础,建立了汉语句型的形式化理论,包括汉语句型的 形式化定义、句型的形式化描述、基于句型的汉语语句语义计算方法.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to