双歧杆菌酸豆乳最佳工艺研究

对利用双歧杆菌、保加利亚乳杆菌、嗜热链球菌混合发酵豆粉、乳粉混合液制取双歧酸豆乳进行了研究，确定了最佳工艺参数及底料配比：发酵温度４２℃，发酵时间６ｈ，接菌总量３％，菌种比（Ｂｉ：Ｌｂ：Ｓｔ）为３：２：１，底料配比为豆粉４％，乳粉６％，糖４％。     

多株乳酸菌快速发酵制作酸菜的研究

利用嗜酸乳杆菌、戊糖片球菌、青春双歧杆菌发酵剂对甘蓝进行乳酸发酵，经三天即可得到质地优良、风味独特。富含大量活性乳酸菌的酸菜。研究确定的最佳工艺条件为：发酵温度３７℃，原料菜中加入食用蔗糖３％，食盐２％．液体菌种的接种量为２％。用此工艺制得的成品酸菜经真空包装后在常温下贮藏３０天，其中的青春双歧杆菌数不少于１０个／ｇ。     

双歧杆菌在梨汁中发酵存活的研究

实验研究了应用双歧杆菌发酵梨汁，结果表明：分离到的双歧杆菌加入梨汁中３７℃发酵１６～１８ｈ，活菌数增到１０~９ｃｆｕ·ｍＬ~(－１)，发酵梨汁在４～５℃下保存５～７ｄ后，活菌仍保持１０~７ｃｆｕ·ｍＬ~(－１)以上，并趋于稳定，可制成新型的保健饮料。     

Fermentation of Bifidobacterium lactis utilizing Tilapia viscera

罗非鱼加工过程中产生大量的下脚料,下脚料中的内脏一般不能被正确处理或高效利用.本研究采用液体发酵工艺,以细菌数为检测指标,以罗非鱼内脏为基本营养发酵乳双歧杆菌Bi07,通过单因素实验和正交实验(L9(34))对其发酵培养基配方和发酵条件进行了优化.优化后的最佳发酵培养基配方为:葡萄糖质量浓度为10 g/L,m料∶m水=1∶7.5,m( NaHCO3)∶m(C3 H7 NO2S·HCI) =4:5,番茄汁体积分数为100 mL/L;最优发酵条件为:发酵时间36 h,发酵温度30℃,接种体积分数5％,初始pH7.0.本研究表明,罗非鱼内脏可以用于乳双歧杆菌的培养基中.     

发酵生产蛋白饲料中培养基原料配比的实验研究

实验以玉米秸秆粉和麦麸为主要原料，通过康氏木霉和酿酒酵母两株菌混合发酵生产了富含单细胞蛋白质的饲料，对加水比、物料比、氮源添加量等因素进行研究，通过正交实验方法，确定最佳培养基配方。结果表明，玉米秸秆粉与麸皮1：1混合，3．5％（NH4）2SO4，原料：水为1：4pH5．5，接种量10％，30℃，培养周期5d。发酵终产物粗蛋白含量20．05％，比发酵前提高了60．4％；粗纤维含量为11．01％，降低了61．96％。     

薏苡仁双歧杆菌酸乳的研制

介绍了以薏苡仁为主要原料，分别制作双歧杆菌制剂与乳酸菌发酵剂，同时接种混菌发酵生产薏苡仁双歧杆菌酸孔的工艺。     

双歧杆菌生长特性及发酵乳的研究

采用液体牛乳培养基培养法,测定了双歧杆菌的生长,产酸和ＰＨ变化,其最佳发酵条件为：接种量５％,培养温度３９℃、庶糖添加量５％。此外,对利用双歧杆菌制做双歧杆菌酸奶进行了研究,通过实验确定了采用两次接种发酵法生产凝固型酸奶的工艺参数,产品风味与传统酸奶一奶,双歧杆菌活菌数达到７．０＊１０＾９个／ｍｌ左右。     

红枣南瓜凝固型酸奶的发酵工艺研究

以红枣、南瓜、纯牛奶为主要原料,研制既营养又保健的红枣南瓜凝固型酸奶。以感官评价为主要考察指标,通过单因素试验和正交试验优化红枣南瓜凝固型酸奶的发酵工艺。确定出红枣南瓜凝固型酸奶的最佳发酵工艺条件为:红枣汁6%、南瓜汁17.5%、木糖醇添加量3%,复合稳定剂添加量0.03%,发酵剂接种量0.1125%、发酵温度42℃、发酵时间8 h。在此条件下,发酵制成的红枣南瓜凝固型酸奶色泽均匀,呈淡黄色,酸甜适口,口感细腻,凝结状态良好,有红枣和南瓜的独特风味。     

小麦粉清液酒精发酵工艺研究

通过正交试验得到了小麦粉清夜酒精发酵的优化工艺条件：料水比1：3．1,TH-AADY接种量0.9‰,0～8h温度控制为32～34℃,8-20h温度控制在38～40℃,发酵周期56h;此条件下发酵乙醇生产能力高达0．1035g／ml发酵液,发酵效率达90．3％．     

微生物发酵果渣蛋白饲料Ⅰ．发酵工艺条件的研究

对产朊假丝酵母和黑曲霉在苹果渣上混合发酵生产蛋白饲料的条件进行了研究。其最佳工艺条件为：接种比例3：1，接种量29／5，pH4～5，最适温度28℃。利用1．5％尿素为氮源，培养基含水量70％左右。在上述条件下发酵48h以后，蛋白质含量达到30％以上，且有酒香味，适口性好。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to