Al—Ti合金阳极氧化膜的化学组成及微观结构

着重研究了Ａｌ含量顺次递增的３种组分，Ａｌ－Ｔｉ合金阳极氧化膜的化学组成及微观结构，用ＸＰＳ谱分析表明：氧化膜是由Ａｌ２Ｏ３和ＴｉＯ２组成。经ＡＥＳ深度剖面分析得到了两者之间的比例，并推理出膜的微观结构模型。用ＳＥＭ观测了３种膜的表面形貌，清楚地看到：合金组分不同，膜的致密度不同，ＸＲＤ实验证明：氧化膜的晶型较复杂，且有取向。     

氧化镍在γ－Al_2O_3和TiO_2－Al_2O_3上的分散状态研究

采用浸渍法制备了系列ＮｉＯ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３，ＮｉＯ／ＴｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂样品，用ＸＲＤ，ＥＸＡＦＳ等方法对这些样品进行了分析．ＸＲＤ相定量方法测得ＮｉＯ在γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３载体上的最大分散量为０．０６５ｇＮｉＯ／１００ｍ２Ａｌ２Ｏ３，而ＮｉＯ在ＴｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３载体上的最大分散量为０．０８１ｇＮｉＯ／１００ｍ２ＴｉＯ２Ａｌ２Ｏ３。ＥＸＡＦＳ分析结果表明：ＴｉＯ２的引入改变了ＮｉＯ在载体表面上的分散状态．     

用激光化学反应制备非晶态TiO2及其性质初探

用ＴＥＡ ＣＯ２中激光聚焦辐照ＴｉＣｌ４＋Ｏ２体系，制得了非晶态ＴｉＯ２粉末。对粉末作了ＸＲＤ，ＸＰＳ，ＴＧＡ，ＤＴＡ和ＴＥＭ分析。并研究了制得非晶态ＴｉＯ２的微观过程，讨论了它的一些特殊性质。     

铝二次电解着色膜微观分析及着色机制

研究了６０６３铝材在硫酸电解液和锡盐电解液中得到的青铜色的二次电解着色；用ＳＥＭ、ＴＥＭ、ＥＤＡＸ和ＸＲＤ测试分析手段观察了着色膜的成分及它们在膜中的分布；分析了锡盐在着色膜中的位置及相结构。结果表明，铝在Ｈ２ＳＯ４中阳极氧化得到γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３膜，Ｓｎ在着色膜中以β－Ｓｎ金属胶体和ＳｎＯ２氧化物胶体两种粒子形态存在；着色物质Ｓｎ以β－Ｓｎ和ＳｎＯ２状态沉积在氧化膜孔中。最后探讨了锡盐在氧化铝膜中呈色原因。     

铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜的形貌及相组成分析

采用Ｘ射线衍射法和扫描电镜研究了ＬＹ１２铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜的相组成及形貌特征。结果表明，铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜主要由α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３，γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３相组成，氧化膜具有表面层，致密层，界面层３层结构，微弧大小一般为微米数量级，微弧区Ａｌ２Ｏ３处于熔融状态。     

Al_2O_3 弥散 Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷刀具

在Ｔｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）基金属陶瓷中，通过加入Ａｌ２Ｏ３弥散颗粒，使材料的硬度和高温性能都得到提高，从而获得更好的切削耐磨性。研究结果表明：Ａｌ２Ｏ３的引入使Ｔｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）基金属陶瓷的常温强度和韧性有所下降而硬度和高温力学性能得到了改善。切削试验表明：Ｔｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）－Ａｌ２Ｏ３系金属陶瓷比硬质合金、Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＣ复合陶瓷刀具有更好的切削性能。ＳＥＭ观察表明：在Ｔｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）－Ａｌ２Ｏ３金属陶瓷中，Ａｌ２Ｏ３与Ｔｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）有相互抑制晶粒生长的作用，使Ｔｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）基金属陶瓷的晶粒更细化     

制备条件对Pd／Al2O3催化棉籽油加氢活性的影响

使用ＳＥＭ，ＥＤＳ，ＥＰＭＡ，ＸＲＤ及ＸＰＳ在对不同温度下，于空气气氛中焙烧的贡载型钯催化剂Ｐｄ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３进行了表征，结果对棉籽油的加氢反应，分析了焙烧温度对Ｐｄ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３活性的影响。结果表明，４７３Ｋ下焙烧的Ｐｄ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３活性较好；高温下焙烧的Ｐｄ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３活性最差。欲制备高活性的Ｐｄ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂，必须严格控制焙烧温度。     

Cu—Mn—Pt／γ—Al2O3系列催化剂中组分间的活性增强效应

通过ＣＯ氧化活性测试，采用ＸＲＤ、ＸＰＳ、ＴＰＲ等方法表征，研究了Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｐｔ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３系列催化剂中组分间的活性增强效应，并对其固相结构和表面组成进行表征．结果表明：（１）氧化型ＣｕＭｎ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂中Ｃｕ和Ｍｎ之间存在一定的活性增强效应，两种活性组分发生协同作用；（２）还原型Ｐｔ－Ｃｕ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３和Ｐｔ－Ｍｎ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂的氧化活性在系列中最高，Ｐｔ－Ｍｎ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３的ＣＯ氧化活性增强效应最为显著．这与加人Ｐｔ后，Ｃｕ２＋易被还原，Ｃｕ＋明显增多有关；（３）同时含有Ｃｕ、Ｍｎ组分的几种催化剂中，催化剂表面上Ｃｕ均有一定富集，加人Ｐｔ后，表相以Ｃｕ＋为主．由于Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｐｔ三元催化剂的制备方法不同，以致氧化活性相差很大，共浸制备较分浸制备的催化剂活性要好的多．     

Fe3Al／TiC复合材料的耐高温冲蚀性能

研究了Ｆｅ３Ａｌ／ＴｉＣ复合材料在高浓度ＳＯ２和ＳｉＯ２细颗粒气流中的耐高温冲蚀磨损性能,并与Ｆｅ３Ａｌ基合金和钴基高温合金在同等实验条件下进行比较,结果表明：Ｆｅ３Ａｌ／ＴｉＣ复合材料的高温抗冲蚀性优于２种对比材料。ＳＥＭ分析显示：Ｆｅ３Ａｌ／ＴｉＣ复合材料的冲蚀表面形貌以薄片屑形成机制为主。     

Al_2O_3/W层状复合材料性能及微观结构研究

本文利用离心注浆成型法成膜,热压烧结制备了Ａｌ２Ｏ３／Ｗ层状复合材料,研究了Ａｌ２Ｏ３层、金属Ｗ层厚度对材料性能的影响,利用ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ对金属Ｗ层的组成及材料微观结构进行了分析和观察,探讨了层状复合材料的微观结构和金属层的组成变化对材料性能的影响．     

纳米SiC增强铝合金表面阳极氧化膜的组织与性能

以硫酸、草酸、氨基磺酸为基础电解液,分别添加3,8,12,15 g/L的纳米SiC颗粒,利用直流氧化电源在优化的复合共沉积工艺参数下,在2024铝合金表面制备纳米SiC增强的硬质阳极氧化膜.结果表明:纳米SiC颗粒弥散分布在阳极氧化膜中,形成了纳米颗粒增强的硬质Al2O3氧化膜组织结构;随着纳米SiC添加量的增加,膜的厚度由没有添加纳米SiC颗粒的42μm增加到了48μm;当SiC的添加量为12 g/L时,氧化膜的硬度最高而磨耗最低,硬度由没有添加纳米颗粒样品的400 HV左右提高到了440 HV,磨损量由25 mg降到8 mg;纳米SiC在阳极氧化过程中,通过机械夹杂、吸附作用等形式进入膜层...     

Effect of the microstructure of Al 7050-T7451 on anodic oxide formation in sulfuric acid

The effect of the microstructure of an Al 7050-T7451 substrate on the anodic oxide formation in sulfuric acid was studied in this article. The microstructure of the substrate was assessed by optical microscope (OM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The surface and cross-section morphologies of the oxide films were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The chemical composition of intermetallic particles in the alloys and films was investigated using energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS). The roles of intermetallic phases and grain or subgrain boundaries on the oxide film formation were researched using the potentiodynamic and potentiostatic polarization technique in sulfuric acid solution. The results show that the transition of coarse intermetallic particles or grain (subgrain) boundaries at the surface of Al alloys can be characterized by potentiodynamic polarization curves. The surface and cross-section micrographs of the anodic layer seem to preserve the microstructure of the substrate. Large cavities in the anodic films are caused by the preferential dissolution of coarse AItCuMg particles and the entrance of Cu-rich remnants into the electrolyte during anodizing. The Al₇Cu₂Fe particles tend to be occluded in the oxide layer or lose from the oxide surface because of peripheral trenching. Small pores in the films are induced by the dissolution of precipitates in grain or subgrain boundaries. The film surface of recrystallized grain bodies is smooth and homogeneous.     

Isothermal oxidation behavior and mechanism of a nickel-based superalloy at 1000℃

The oxidation behavior of a nickel-based superalloy at 1000°C in air was investigated through X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, andenergy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis. A series of oxides, including external oxide scales (Cr2O3, (TiO2 + MnCr2O4)) and internal oxides (Al2O3,TiN), were formed on the surface or sub-surface of the substrate at 1000°C in experimental still air. The oxidation re-sistance of the alloy was dependent on the stability of the surface oxide layer. The continuity and density of the protective Cr2O3 scale were affected by minor alloying elements such as Ti and Mn. The outermost oxide scale was composed of TiO2 rutile and MnCr2O4 spinel, and the growth of TiO2particles was controlled by the outer diffusion of Ti ions through the pre-existing oxide layer. Severe internal oxidation oc-curred beneath the external oxide scale, consuming Al and Ti of the strength phaseγ′ (Ni3(Al,Ti)) and thereby severely deteriorating the sur-face mechanical properties. The depth of the internal oxidation region was approximately 35μm after exposure to experimental air at 1000°C for 80 h.     

Ti/TiAl微层板的高温氧化机理研究

对前期采用电子束物理气相沉积法制备的Ti/TiAl微层板进行了高温氧化研究,利用XRD、SEM、EDS对涂层的相结构变化、表面形貌、化学成分进行了实验分析。结果表明,随着温度升高,Al向富Ti区域的扩散越来越快,界面融混现象愈加严重。微层板的高温氧化机制为：Ti原子的不断外扩散使氧化膜中各层的Ti含量都有增加,Al2O3和TiO2分别具有热力学生成优势和动力学生长优势,表面氧化由最初的Al2O3膜逐渐向(TiO2 Al2O3)及TiO2过渡。     

Fabrication and characterization of anodic oxide films on a Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al titanium alloy

Anodic oxide films of the titanium alloy Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al in ammonium tartrate electrolyte without hydrofluoric acid or fluoride were fabricated. The morphology, components, and microstructure of the films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that the films were thick, uniform, and nontransparent. Such films exhibited sedimentary morphology, with a thickness of about 3 μm, and the pore diameters of the deposits ranged from several hundred nanometers to 1.5 μm. The films were mainly titanium dioxide. Some coke-like deposits, which may contain or be changed by OH, NH, C-C, C-O, and C=O groups, were doped in the films. The films were mainly amorphous with a small amount of anatase and rutile phase.     

Ti-11V-3Al-3Sn合金的热氧化行为

研究了Ti-11V-3Al-3Sn合金在热氧化处理中合金元素的氧化行为.采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射和电化学分析系统主要分析了转化膜形貌、物相和阳极极化曲线.结果表明,合金元素使转化膜形成复杂化.氧化前期转化膜呈明显的"胞状"形态,后期才逐渐长成平面状.膜内物相除了常见的钛氧化物外,还出现了钒氧化物以及Ti、V、Al间复杂的二元、三元金属化合物.热氧化处理后试样的阳极极化曲线有较宽的钝化区,自腐蚀电流减小到自然态的1 2以下;随着时间的延长和温度的升高,转化膜厚度增加.     

Formation of crystalline TiO2 by anodic oxidation of titanium

Formation of crystalline TiO2(anatase) films by anodic oxidation of titanium foils in ethylene glycol(EG) based electrolytes at room temperature has been investigated.By varying the anodizing parameters such as the amounts of water and NH4 F added,applied voltage and anodization time,anodic TiO2 films with different crystalline structures were obtained.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and X-ray powder diffraction(XRD) characterizations were employed to determine the morphologies and crystalline structures of as-prepared anodic TiO2 films.The results indicate that crystallization of anodic TiO2 films was generally facilitated by high fluoride concentration,high applied voltage and longer anodization time,and the formation of anodic TiO2 films with best crystallinity could only be achieved when optimized amounts of water were added.     

采用铝热自蔓延法制备低氧高钛铁合金

以金红石、钛精矿和Al为原料采用铝热自蔓延法制备出低氧高钛铁合金。研究不同反应体系的相关热力学,考察配铝量对铝热自蔓延熔炼效果的影响,采用XRD,SEM以及化学分析等技术对高钛铁合金进行表征。研究结果表明:反应体系的绝热温度大于1 800 K,反应能自我维持进行;铝还原TiO2反应的单位质量热效应较低,铝还原铁氧化物反应的单位质量热效应较高;合金主要由TiFe2,Fe,TiO2和Al2O3等相组成,氧化物夹杂相的存在是合金中氧含量高以及合金微观缺陷存在的直接原因;合金中氧含量最低为2.62%;钛、铝、铁和硅质量分数分别为61.58～66.27%,4.05%～9.20%,16.15%～20.53%及2.78%～3.82%。     

纳米La 2O 3/TiO 2复合薄膜的抗凝血性研究

 采用射频磁控溅射方法制备了TiO₂薄膜和La₂O₃掺杂的TiO₂复合薄膜。利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射,紫外可见光谱等材料表征方法研究La₂O₃掺杂对TiO₂薄膜的结构及抗凝血性能的影响。结果表明：La₂O₃掺杂促使TiO₂晶粒沿金红石相(110)晶面择优生长,能细化TiO₂纳米晶粒的大小,使薄膜的光学带隙由2.85 eV提高到3.2 eV。血小板粘附实验表明La₂O₃掺杂的TiO₂复合薄膜具有优良的血液相容性能;分析了复合薄膜的抗凝血机理。     

采用原位反应近液相线铸造法制备Al2O3p/Al-Cu基复合材料

采用原位反应近液相线铸造方法制备含有少量原位Al2O3颗粒的Al-Cu基复合材料,利用光学显微镜观察复合材料的铸态组织,并通过透射电镜观察复合材料中的原位Al2O3颗粒的分布与形貌,研究原位颗粒对近液相线铸造Al-Cu合金铸态组织形成机制的影响.结果发现:原位Al2O3颗粒比较均匀地分布于基体合金中,尺寸分布于1μm范围内,形貌呈多边形.随着原位Al2O3颗粒含量的增加,复合材料的铸态组织逐渐被细化和均匀化;当原位Al2O3颗粒的质量分数达到5.3%时,获得均匀细小的蔷薇状组织.