大黄提取物对羟基自由基的清除效果研究

采用四氯化碳和无水乙醇提取大黄中的有效成分，用比色法测定不同浓度的大黄提取物对羟基自由基的清除率。结果表明：大黄的提取物对羟基自由基具有明显的清除作用。找到了在实验条件下，大黄提取物对羟基自由基清除作用的最佳值，即四氯化碳和无水乙醇提取物浓度分别为0．3％和0．15％时，清除率分别为25．3％和50．1％。     

白花丹提取物抗氧化活性研究

采用电子自旋共振法(ESR)、光敏化合物微生物法、光度法对白花丹提取物的抗氧化性能进行了检测.结果:白花丹提取物对单线态氧自由基、混合自由基、羟自由基及香烟烟气自由基的清除率分别是53.3%、59.1%、40.2%、26.0.0%,白花丹提取物具有较好的抗氧化性能,其抗氧化能力与其质量浓度呈正相关.     

蜂花粉3种溶剂提取物的抗氧化性研究

为了综合评价蜂花粉不同溶剂提取物的抗氧化效果,以水、甲醇和三氯甲烷为提取溶剂,对蜂花粉进行多次综合提取,计算其得率后,对DPPH清除率、·O-阴离子清除率、·OH-自由基清除率和还原力进行测定.结果表明:3种溶剂提取物中,蜂花粉水提物的得率最高,为54.16％.蜂花粉甲醇提取物的DPPH清除率、·O-清除率和·OH-自由基清除率均优于其他两种溶剂且存在浓度依赖关系,当甲醇提取物的质量浓度为5 g/L时,其DPPH清除率达到95.49％,且当甲醇提取物的质量浓度为2 g/L时,·O-阴离子和·OH-自由基清除率分别为80.03％,29.14％.蜂花粉三氯甲烷提取物还原力最强,并且还原力与浓度存在依赖关系,三氯甲烷提取物质量浓度为5 g/L时,还原力达到49.48％.实验表明,蜂花粉的甲醇提取物抗氧化能力较强.     

资木瓜乙醇提取物的体外抗氧化活性研究

目的:对资木瓜乙醇提取物进行体外抗氧化活性研究.方法:以65%乙醇为溶剂加热回流提取资木瓜,旋转蒸发浓缩得资木瓜乙醇提取物(CSF),通过猪油体系(POV)、DPPH*法和Fe3 还原力测定实验对其进行体外抗氧化活性评价.结果:与对照组比较,资木瓜乙醇提取物能使猪油的过氧化值(POV值)降低,且随提取物浓度升高其降低POV值的能力增强,所选取的药物浓度较Vc(0.8mg/mL)强,但量效关系不明显;乙醇提取物具明显清除DPPH*自由基作用,随提取物浓度增加其清除率增加,当浓度为6mg/mL时清除率达到近80%;同时提取物对铁离子的还原能力亦较强,与提取物浓度呈正相关性.结论:资木瓜乙醇提取物具有较强的抗氧化活性.     

大黄蒽醌提取物对罗氏沼虾抗高温应激的影响

 将罗氏沼虾随机分成5组,每组3个平行,每个平行约1 000尾,第1组为对照组,投喂基础日粮,另外4组为试验组,在基础日粮中分别添加 w 为0.05%、0.10%、0.20%、0.40%大黄蒽醌提取物。饲养8周后,对虾进行连续48 h 35 ℃高温应激,测定其生长、应激前后血淋巴葡萄糖、胆固醇、甘油三酯、溶菌酶、一氧化氮（NO）等的变化。结果表明：与对照组相比,添加 w=0.10%的大黄蒽醌提取物显著提高了虾的增重率、降低了饵料系数,w=0.40%大黄蒽醌提取物显著增加了血淋巴溶菌酶含量。高温应激后,与对照组相比,添加 w 为0.1%和0.20%大黄蒽醌提取物仍保持较高血淋巴溶菌酶、一氧化氮浓度。高温应激试验表明：对照组死亡率达60%,添加 w为0.10%和0. 20%大黄蒽醌提取物小于30%。因此添加 w 为0.10%和0.20%大黄蒽醌提取物提高了机体抗应激能力,并对高温引起虾的死亡有一定的保护作用,促进了虾的生长。     

麻栎树皮多酚含量的测定及抗氧化活性的研究

采用分光光度法、DPPH法和连苯三酚红(PR)法对麻栎树皮提取物进行多酚化合物含量及抗氧化活性测定,讨论了用不同溶剂提取对多酚含量的影响.结果表明采用70%乙醇进行提取,提取物中多酚含量最高,为(6 589.91±43.32)mg/100 g.抗氧化活性测试中,麻栎树皮的不同溶剂提取物对DPPH自由基和羟自由基都表现出较高的清除率,其中麻栎树皮70%丙酮提取物的活性最好,在0.18 mg/m L质量浓度下,对DPPH自由基清除率为70%,在0.38 mg/m L质量浓度下,对羟自由基氧化率为75%.     

乌蕨不同提取液对氧自由基的清除作用

采用分光光度法测定了乌蕨3种不同提取液对超氧阴离子自由基(O2-.)和羟自由基(.OH)的清除作用大小.结果表明水提液、质量分数为50%的乙醇提取液和质量分数为80%的丙酮提取液在干样浓度为10.00～50.00μg.mL-1时,对羟自由基的清除率为:水提液(36.85%)乙醇(20.61%)丙酮(18.70%);对超氧自由基的清除率为:丙酮(31.77%)水提液(31.03%)乙醇(24.37%).还利用超声提取法对乌蕨水提液的抗氧化能力进行了研究,结果表明超声水提液对超氧自由基和羟自由基的清除率均大于回流提取液.     

32株银杏内生真菌清除DPPH自由基活性的比较研究

采用液体摇瓶培养的方法,以DPPH自由基清除率为指标,对32株银杏内生真菌发酵液的甲醇提取物抗氧化活性进行初筛,不同菌株清除DPPH自由基活性差异较大,其中4株菌株DPPH自由基清除率显著高于其他菌株,分别为96.68%、96.09%、85.32%和84.48%.在此基础上,对8株DPPH自由基清除率较高菌株菌丝体的甲醇、乙酸乙酯、异丙醇、水4种溶剂提取物的DPPH自由基清除率进行比较,结果表明,甲醇和水提取效果较好,优于乙酸乙酯和异丙醇,其中GCZX015菌株菌丝体甲醇提取物DPPH自由基清除活性最强为93.97%,GCZX018菌株菌丝体异丙醇提取物DPPH自由基清除活性最低,仅为0.11%.     

分光光度法测定两种中药对羟自由基的清除作用

利用分光光度法分别研究了麦冬和金银花及2者协同清除羟自由基的活性作用.结果:麦冬和金银花的提取物对羟自由基的清除率分别是46.1%,52.3%,2种提取物混合液对羟自由基清除率达60.2%,有较好的增效作用.     

白木香叶不同提取部位对NO2-的清除作用研究

目的分析白木香叶不同提取部位对亚硝基(NO2-)的清除作用,为白木香叶提取物的防癌作用提供科学依据.方法紫外分光光度法.结果样品浓度3.0 mg/mL、反应时间430 min为最佳测试条件.白木香叶丙酮提取物的正丁醇部位对NO2-的清除率最高,达90.4%;而极性大的水、甲醇、乙醇溶剂提取物的中、高极性部位清除率也处于较高的水平.结论白木香叶片提取物清除NO2-的活性物质很可能是极性较大的物质,这为白木香叶片提取物防癌作用的进一步研究及相关产品的开发奠定了理论基础.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.