BL Lac天体Mkn 421射电流量变化周期特性

利用芬兰Metshovi射电望远镜22和37 GHz的观测数据,得到了Mkn 421从1986年1月到2005年1月的历史光变曲线.使用DCF方法进行周期分析,结果表明:(1)Mkn 421在射电22 GHz波段具有约(3.85±0.10)yr的周期,在射电37 GHz波段具有约(4.05±0.10)yr的周期.这两个周期值的平均值为3.95 yr,是Mkn 421的最小周期,Liu等人在光学波段发现的(23.1±1.1)yr的周期可能是这个周期叠加的结果;(2)用Mkn 421在射电22和37 GHz波段的准同时数据得到射电22~37 GHz波段的谱指数,谱指数和射电流量密度之间有较强的相关.     

OQ530射电和光学波段的光变分析

从历史文献中搜集了OQ 530最完备的射电波段(4.8,8,14.5,22和37 GHz)和光学B波段的光变数据,利用三种不同的周期分析方法(结构函数法、J-K方法和功率谱法)对6个波段光变曲线的周期性进行了分析.利用离散相关函数法对射电波段之间以及射电与光学波段之间的相关性进行了分析.周期性的分析结果显示4.8 GHz可能存在3.89–3.94 a的周期,8 GHz可能存在2.48–2.55 a的周期,14.5 GHz可能存在2.44–2.56 a的周期,22 GHz可能存在2.34–2.56 a,4.16–4.30 a的周期,37 GHz可能存在2.31–2.58a的周期,光学B波段可能存在的0.97–1.15 a的周期.相关性分析显示OQ 530在5个射电波段之间存在较强相关,延迟方面无明显变化规律.光学与射电波段之间的相关性显示光学波段要超前于射电波段,且随频率的逐渐变小延迟有逐渐增大的变化趋势.     

Blazar天体射电波段的周期分析研究

从文献中收集了11个Blazar天体在22GHz和37GHz射电辐射流量的观测数据,获得了这些天体从1980-2005年射电辐射流量的变化曲线。用Jurkevich方法分析研究了它们射电辐射流量的变化周期。结果表明:11个天体在22GHz和37GHz波段都表现出周期性变化的特征,变化周期从1.4年至10.4年不等,并且天体在22GHz和37GHz的变化特征基本相同。对得到的周期分析结果作了简要讨论。     

类星体PKS 1510-089的射电流量变化周期特性研究

介绍了一种用运用小波分析寻找类星体PKS1510-089射电波段光变周期的方法.收集了PKS1510-089在射电37和22GHz波段较为完备的观测数据,获得了从1990～2005年的射电光变曲线.使用小波分析方法较好地分析和认证了类星体PKS1510-089的光变周期值,结果表明：（ⅰ）PKS1510-089在射电37GHz有T1=（1.80±0.06）a和T2=（0.90±0.07）a的周期,（ⅱ）在射电22GHz有T1=（1.80±0.06）a的周期,（ⅲ）从等值线图的连续性,发现T1=（1.80±0.06）a为PKS1510-089的主周期,T2=（0.90±0.07）a可能为T1=（1.80±0.06）a的半周期.这些结果与Xie在2004,2005,2008年以及Wu在2005年,Liu和Fan在2007年采取其他数据分析方法获得的结果是一致的.预测最近的一次大爆发将发生在2011年1月.     

Blazar的γ射线和低频射电6cm波段辐射关系研究

给出了一个带有射电5 GHz和γ射线辐射流量密度的含有94个γ噪Blazar的大样本,其中有66个FSRQs,20个BL Lac天体,利用该样本研究了射电5 GHz和γ射线流量最大值,最小值以及平均值之间的辐射相关.结果表明:γ射线流量最大值和平均值与射电5GHz辐射有较强的相关,最大相关系数r=0.651,置信度均好于10-4;γ射线流量最小值与射电辐射之间没有相关;3C273辐射的最大值不是爆发态时的观测值,若令γ射线谱指数αG=1.0,则3C273的最大辐射流量为(450.8±39.4)×10-8photon.cm-2.s-1.因此,Blazar的γ射线辐射与低频射电辐射确有关联,γ射线的辐射应来自同步加速自康普顿辐射过程.     

离散相关函数在Blazar天体中的应用

对Edelson和Krolik提出的离散相关分析方法进行了研究,用模拟信号进行了检验,结果表明这是一种比较切实可行的方法。把这种方法应用到类星体3C273的光变周期分析、各波段之间的延时分析和相关性分析中。结果表明:3C273的周期为12.88年左右,其它文献也得到了相似的结论;在延时分析中,3C273的光学波段(U波段)超前于8GHz和37GHz,22GHz超前于8GHz,37GHz超前于15GHz;3C273在红外和光学波段、光学和X射线波段、X射线和射电波段都有较好的相关性,在光学和射电波段的相关性较差。最好,我们还对DCF方法和线性回归方法进行了比较,指出了它在天文数据处理中的优势。     

射电类星体辐射压的研究

收集了20个射电宁静类星体(radio quiet quasars,RQQs)和97个射电噪类星体(radio loud quasars,RLQs)的红移、5 100的单色光度、Hβ发射线宽度、射电噪度、5 GHz射电光学流量密度、热光度.分别计算了考虑辐射压影响和没有考虑辐射压影响的黑洞质量和爱丁顿比,利用总的5GHz射电光学流量密度计算了射电光度.分析了它们之间的相关性,得到如下结论:RQQs考虑辐射压的黑洞质量与射电噪度、5 GHz射电光度、热光度的相关性比RLQs考虑辐射压的黑洞质量和射电噪度、5 GHz射电光度、热光度的相关性弱;考虑辐射压后,RQQs的黑洞质量和红移的相关性比RLQs的强,RQQs的黑洞质量Mma108 M☉,而且它的吸积未超爱丁顿吸积;由于辐射压对宽线云有影响,且大多数人认为RQQs可能来自吸积盘,表明宽线区和吸积盘可能有关联;考虑辐射压的RQQs和RLQs的黑洞质量与射电噪度、5 GHz射电光度、热光度的相关性比没有考虑辐射压黑洞质量与射电噪度、5GHz射电光度、热光度的相关性好;考虑辐射压后,RQQs和RLQs的黑洞质量—射电噪度分布、黑洞质量—Ηβ发射线宽度分布、射电噪度—爱丁顿比分布的不同说明辐射压对RQQs和RLQs的不同会产生影响.     

3C 279射电光变特性分析

从UMRAO数据库中,我们收集了3C279在射电4.8GHz、8GHz和14.5GHz的光变数据,并用功率谱方法和Jurkevich方法对其光变曲线进行分析,发现在3C279的射电光变曲线中存在124.4天的周期性,该周期很可能是由双黑洞系统中轨道驱动的螺旋喷流引起的。     

3C345的射电偏振变化

基于密歇根大学射电天文台数据库(University of Michigan Radio Observatory Datebase—UMRAO),分析了3C345在射电波段的偏振性质.利用功率谱方法得到其在4.8、8和14.5 GHz处的长期偏振变化的周期分别为:11.1±1.7、11.8±1.5和10.9±1.6 yr.     

类星体PKS 1510-089射电流量周期特性分析及黑洞质量估计

基于Metshovi射电观测数据库获得的PKS 1510-089在22 GHz射电波段从1991到2005年的流量变化数据,利用χ2评估方法分析其周期性,得到3.2年的变化周期,与先前报道的1.8年有所不同.通过复原折叠周期计算了它与光变曲线的相对误差,得到3.2年的误差26.8%要比1.8年的误差30.3%小.最后,利用薄吸积盘理论估算了PKS 1510-089的中心黑洞质量下限,并对粘滞系数和多普勒因子进行了讨论.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-