微波加热对无水乙醇表面张力的影响

采用毛细管上升法,针对微波作用对极性液体物理性质的影响,比较在微波加热和传统加热下无水乙醇表面张力随温度变化的不同.研究结果表明,在同一温度条件下,微波加热无水乙醇的表面张力高于传统加热无水乙醇的表面张力.微波增强表面张力的现象为微波非热效应提供直接证据,也为超温沸腾现象给出合理的解释.     

绿藻中花生四烯酸的微波萃取及提纯

以富含花生四烯酸(AA)的绿藻为研究对象,利用微波萃取和脲包分离技术对藻类中的AA进行提取与纯化研究.结果表明:乙醇、水和正己烷对AA的提取率都有一定的影响,最终采用混合溶剂作为萃取溶剂.微波功率、辐射时间和溶剂用量3个因素对萃取效果有较大影响.当温度为0℃,脲酯摩尔比(nu:nFA)为10:1,V(乙醇溶液(w=0.35)):V(正己烷)=1:2作溶剂,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)以甲酯或乙酯型作为脲包客体时,富集效果最为理想,富集后的产物中多不饱和脂肪酸的含量可以达到50%左右.     

微波促进2-羟基-1-萘甲醛的合成

文章以2-萘酚、氯仿为原料,碱性条件下,利用微波促进Reimer-Tiemann反应合成2-羟基-l-萘甲醛,系统的研究了原料配比、反应时间、反应辐射功率对Reimer-Tiemann反应的影响。研究结果表明:利用微波加热,以无水乙醇作溶剂,碱性介质中,2-萘酚和氯仿的物质的量之比为1∶2.3,微波辐射温度设置为70℃~75℃,加热时间18m in,2-羟基-1-萘甲醛的产率可达到56.8%,与传统加热方法相比显著缩短了反应时间,产率有所增加。     

硅烷化溶剂对TiO2/Fe-MCM-41复合光催化剂吸附性能的影响

在不同条件下用KH-550硅烷偶联剂对介孔分子筛Fe—MCM-41表面进行化学修饰后,以Fe—MCM-41分子筛为载体负载TiO2纳米溶胶。实验发现在硅烷化处理时,选择不同极性的溶剂对复合光催化剂的吸附性能有显著影响。利用XRD,固体漫反射UV—Vis吸收光谱,FT—IR,低温N2吸附-脱附等对分子筛进行了表征。结果表明：在不同的溶剂中,Fe—MCM-41分子筛在KH-550化学修饰时硅烷化程度不同。与无水乙醇等极性较强的溶剂所制的样品相比,正己烷为溶剂的TiO2—Fe—MCM-41正己烷样品具有更强的吸附能力,对TiO2纳米粒子具有更好分散能力。     

常压连续微波辐射法合成聚乳酸-聚乙二醇共聚物

常压条件下、连续微波辐射功率90W,辐射时间8min,合成了特性粘度为0.51dL.g-1的聚乳酸-聚乙二醇共聚物(PELA)。考察了聚乙二醇(PEG)浓度、聚合时间对共聚物特性粘度和收率的影响。此外,实验研究了连续微波炉与家用微波炉中反应体系的温升曲线。结果显示,相比于家用微波炉中的间歇微波辐射,连续微波辐射下反应体系温度上升平稳无突跃。     

微乳液对Ag(Ⅰ)--硫代米氏酮光度分析法的增敏条件优化研究

以吐温/无水乙醇/正己烷/水微乳液为介质,进行Ag(Ⅰ)-硫代米氏酮的光度测定,得到最佳增敏条件.结果表明,与水体系比较,该微乳液体系有较好的增敏和抗干扰作用,测定条件更为简化.     

微波辐射促进苯胺基硫脲的合成

本文介绍了以苯肼和硫氰酸铵为原料在无水乙醇为溶剂的条件下经微波辐射简便、快速地合成苯胺基硫脲的新方法     

微乳液对Ag(I)——硫代米氏酮光度分析法的增敏条件优化研究

以吐温 /无水乙醇 /正己烷 /水微乳液为介质 ,进行Ag(I) -硫代米氏酮的光度测定 ,得到最佳增敏条件。结果表明 ,与水体系比较 ,该微乳液体系有较好的增敏和抗干扰作用 ,测定条件更为简化。     

溶剂介质对ZnO晶体极性生长的影响

以Zn(NO3)2·6H2O、NaOH为原料,以水、乙醇、液体石蜡和双氧水为溶剂,在不同条件下水热合成不同结构形貌的ZnO.通过X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对其结构形貌进行表征,讨论ZnO在上述介质中的极性生长特性和生长机制.结果表明,溶剂类型可明显改变晶体+c轴方向的生长速率,从而获得不同的结构形态.在水介质中,晶体极性生长习性明显,+c轴 [0001]方向的生长速率明显大于其它方向,晶体生长为六方长柱状结构;以水和乙醇混合物为溶剂时,沿+c轴方向的生长速率明显减小,晶体呈六方片状;在液体石蜡中晶体沿各个晶向都无择优性,极性生长习性不明显,+c轴 [0001]方向的生长速率近似于其它方向,从而形成六方短柱状结构;双氧水的富氧体系则大大促进了晶体沿+c轴方向的极性生长,促使晶体呈针管状结构.     

N,N-二(2-羟丙基)哌嗪(HPP)溶解性能研究

文章采用溶解平衡法,在273~333K温度范围内,测定了N,N-二(2-羟丙基)哌嗪(HPP)在水、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、正己烷、环己烷、甲苯、苯、乙醇-水混合溶剂中的溶解度。在不同溶剂中,HPP溶解度均随温度升高而增大。相同温度下HPP的溶解度从大到小依次为甲醇、乙醇、正丁醇、水、异丙醇、苯、甲苯、环己烷、正己烷;在乙醇-水体系中的溶解度从大到小依次为33%乙醇、100%乙醇、66%乙醇、50%乙醇、水。分别采用Apelblat方程、理想溶解度方程对溶解度数据进行了关联,并获得相关关联模型的参数。利用Van’t Hoff方程估算了溶解过程的溶解焓和熵,同时测定了HPP在乙醇中的介稳区。结果表明,随着温度和搅拌速率的降低,HPP结晶介稳区的宽度增大。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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