扭转梁悬架性能影响因素分析

为了准确研究扭转梁悬架的设计参数与悬架和整车性能的关联性,分析了扭转梁悬架性能的影响因素.建立了扭转梁悬架刚柔耦合模型,详细分析了扭梁开口方向、布置位置、扭转刚度对悬架KC的影响并仿真计算得到KC特性指标与上述参数的非线性关系.总结了悬架性能指标极值情况及设计参数对悬架性能指标影响的显著性.根据双轨车辆运动模型,分析了扭梁开口角度与转向时悬架侧倾特性、左右车轮载荷转移及侧偏角的关系.探明了扭梁开口角度、侧倾中心高度和侧倾角刚度对整车转向特性影响的内在机理.仿真得到稳态及瞬态操稳性能指标与扭梁开口角度在整个设计空间的非线性关系曲线.结果表明:在扭梁开口向下75°左右时,车辆的稳态、瞬态响应特性指标均达到较优.     

硬点对悬架和操稳性能灵敏度分析及鲁棒性优化

基于Isight软件,与ADAMS和MATLAB软件联合仿真,通过正交试验及参数研究方法,分析了悬架硬点位置坐标对悬架平行跳动时前束、外倾、轴距、轮距、侧倾中心高度和转向时的最小转弯直径、阿克曼百分比等悬架运动学性能指标以及整车稳态操纵稳定性能指标如不足转向度、最大侧向加速度、侧倾角梯度等的影响,求出了悬架和稳态操纵稳定性能指标与硬点位置坐标的关系.提出了评价硬点对悬架和整车操纵稳定性能指标影响大小的灵敏度分析法,灵敏度指标能够精确评估硬点坐标对悬架和整车操稳性能影响的大小.在假设硬点位置坐标符合正态分布的条件下,求出了悬架性能指标的分布,对关键硬点位置坐标进行了鲁棒性优化设计,结果表明悬架性能更稳健.     

主动脉冲转向的横摆稳定性分析与试验研究

提出了一种后轮脉冲主动转向控制策略,运用脉冲信号作为控制器输出的后轮主动转向控制方法,对此做了理论分析和试验研究.首先,设计了产生脉冲信号的液压系统,并分析了此系统的运行对悬架参数和车辆稳态和瞬态响应的影响;分析不同脉冲参数(频率,振幅)对车辆横摆运动的影响并确定最优的脉冲参数.其次,综合跟随理想横摆角速度和抑制汽车质心侧偏角的方法,提出了控制策略与算法;运用基于CarSim和Simulink的联合仿真方法,分析此系统对汽车横摆稳定性能的影响;最后,安装液压脉冲发生器进行整车试验研究,验证仿真结果的可信性,并评价后轮脉冲转向的实用性.仿真和试验结果表明:后轮脉冲主动转向能够有效的跟踪横摆角速度和质心侧偏角提高车辆的横摆稳定性,同时可以减少质心侧倾角和侧向加速度,提高汽车的操纵稳定性.     

烛式悬架定位参数对车辆操纵稳定性的影响

利用AMESim软件建立了XCMG170烛式悬架矿用汽车全液压转向系统的仿真模型,并验证了所建立的模型的正确性.通过AMESim和ADAMS软件的联合仿真模拟,进行了整车的稳态回转试验、双移线仿真试验和转向盘转角输入试验.通过改变前桥的初始定位参数,分别仿真分析整车的操纵性能,得到了表征整车操纵稳定性的横摆角速度、侧向加速度和车身侧倾角的曲线变化情况.结果表明,前束值增大使得烛式悬架整车的转向回正性能和行驶稳定性能变差,本仿真模型可为同类矿用汽车的选型及改进设计提供参考依据.     

多轴全地面起重机稳态转向特性分析

根据拉格朗日法建立了多轴全轮转向车辆的三自由度动力学模型和运动微分方程,采用零质心侧偏角控制策略,研究了车辆作稳态转向时,其转向中心位置、横摆角速度增益及侧倾角增益如何随车速而变化,并且给出了稳态圆周行驶的评价指标。在零质心侧偏角控制策略下,讨论了多轴全轮转向车辆的转向特性,分析了影响转向性能的因素。为多轴全地面起重机的转向设计提供了理论依据。     

基于仿真的客车稳态转向特性影响因素分析

建立了客车操纵动力学仿真模型，根据仿真结果分析了影响稳态转向特性的主要因素．用中性转向点侧向加速度、不足转向度和车厢侧倾度三个评价指标对稳态转向特性评价计分，并根据计分值对悬架和轮胎参数进行调整以改善客车的操纵性能．     

基于试验设计的某微型客车悬架参数匹配优化

 由于悬架系统结构复杂,系统特性指标较多,各项指标相互关联,对车辆的影响规律较为复杂,从理论的角度提出悬架系统优化的目标函数是十分困难的,由此根据多体系统动力学原理,建立了某微型客车的虚拟样机模型,综合考虑整车的操纵稳定性和乘坐舒适性,分别以稳态回转试验中的不足转向度、车身侧倾度和汽车平顺性随机输入行驶试验中总的加权加速度均方根作为评价指标,设计正交试验,从理论上说明前后悬架刚度、横向稳定杆扭转刚度、前后减震器阻尼等悬架参数对微型客车操纵稳定性、平顺性的影响程度,找出显著因素,得到基于仿真试验的悬架参数的最优组合,为后期样车悬架参数的优选及调校提供指导和支持。     

车辆悬架系统与电动助力转向系统的集成控制

在建立悬架和转向系统整车动力学模型的基础上,分析主动悬架系统与电动助力转向系统性能之问的相互关系及协调机理,提出调整双系统控制参数的联合优化方法,对主动悬架系统进行自校正控制,对电动助力转向系统进行PID控制,研究集成系统结构参数和控制参数的耦合问题.仿真结果表明,与不加控制、单系统控制相比,集成控制下车辆转向助力效果增强,反应车辆姿态的质心加速度、横摆角速度、车身侧倾角等都有明显提高,车辆的行驶平顺性和操纵稳定性均得到明显加强,整车性能得到提高.     

线控转向系统前轮转角控制策略研究

针对汽车线控转向车辆,以四轮转向车辆模型为基础,将四轮转向车辆的横摆角速度和质心侧偏角作为参照控制目标,研究了线控转向车辆转向传动比在车速以及转向盘转角发生变化时,随车辆转向特性变化而进行优化设置的问题。仿真结果表明,基于参考模型横摆角速度反馈控制方案设置的变传动比控制整体性能最好。     

考虑车辆侧偏刚度变化的MPC稳定性控制方法

针对侧向行驶车辆易发生转向失稳，构建了一种考虑轮胎侧偏刚度变化的车辆稳定性控制方法，以避免轮胎侧向力饱和，提高行车安全性.采用前、后轴轮胎侧偏角分段拟合方法建立轮胎侧偏刚度拟合模型，将拟合过的侧偏刚度引入到车辆动力学模型中，准确描述车辆当前的动态性能.为了避免轮胎侧向力饱和引起的转向失稳，本文提出一种基于模型预测控制(model predictive control, MPC)算法的前后轴约束的轮胎侧偏角的车辆稳定性控制方法，以优化车辆的转向性能.仿真结果表明，车辆稳定性控制方法能够将前后轴的轮胎侧偏角抑制在一定范围内，根据侧偏刚度的变化，避免车辆侧滑现象的发生，提高了车辆的稳定性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.