向量夹角余弦的IOWHA算子的变权系数区间型组合预测模型

客观世界中人们会用区间数来描述不确定和不完备的信息,由此开展区间型的组合预测方法的研究很有意义.将区间数的左、右端点分别视作时间序列,以向量夹角余弦为准则,结合IOWHA信息集结算子,借鉴实数型组合预测的思想,将实际值区间数和变权系数组合预测值区间数的左、右端点序列分别建立最优组合预测模型,最后引入偏好系数转换成单目标最优组合预测模型而实现求解.     

基于时变权重的区间时间序列组合预测模型构造

时变权重组合预测模型可以有效反映各预测方法在各时刻点上的预测值对组合预测结果的影响,并可以提高预测精度,基于此,针对区间数时间序列构造组合预测模型的问题,提出一类构造区间数时变权重方法;该方法主要是在3种实数的时变权重求解方法基础上构造相应的3种区间数时变权重,并利用所得出的时变权重构造区间时间序列组合预测模型;为验证该模型的准确性,应用具体算例对模型加以实现,并通过区间预测误差度量指标验证该类模型的预测结果;结果发现:基于3种时变权重求解方法下的区间时间序列组合预测模型均优于各单个方法的预测结果,且基于最优化赋权法得到的时变权重区间组合预测结果的精确度较另外两种有所提高。     

基于ARIMA与信息粒化SVR组合模型的交通事故时序预测

该文基于自回归滑动平均(ARIMA)模型和支持向量回归机(SVR)模型,构建时间序列组合预测模型,对道路交通事故相关指标进行趋势预测。通过ARIMA预测模型进行线性拟合;基于模糊信息粒化方法,将ARIMA预测模型残差季度变化趋势映射为包含最小值Low、中值R、最大值Up三个参数的模糊信息粒;并以其为输入构建SVR模型,对季度残差变化趋势进行预测;最后根据SVR残差预测值修正ARIMA模型预测值。实证研究结果表明:时间序列组合预测模型精度优于单一ARIMA模型,由模糊信息粒子确定的预测区间较好描述了实证数据的季度变化趋势。     

基于区间数距离的区间组合预测模型

针对预测值为区间数形式,引入区间数距离,提出一种确定区间组合预测权系数的方法.给出两个区间序列的距离公式,以实际观测序列与组合预测序列的距离最小为准则,建立规划模型,求解得到权系数.最后,通过实例,证明模型能够有效提高预测的精度.     

基于区间数距离和ICOWA算子的变权区间组合预测模型

针对预测值为区间数形式,将区间数距离和诱导连续有序加权平均算子ICOWA结合,以ICOWA算子下实际预测序列与组合预测序列的距离最小为准则,构建了变权组合预测模型,并证明了模型的非劣性.最后,通过实例说明了模型能够有效提高预测精度.     

基于IOWC-GOWA算子及相对熵的区间型组合预测模型

针对用区间型数据描述不确定现象的组合预测问题,为了提高区间型数据的预测精度,首先采用诱导有序加权连续区间的广义有序加权平均(IOWC-GOWA)算子将区间数集结为实数;然后对集结后的实数进行标准化处理;最后从信息论的角度引入相对熵作为最优准则,提出了基于IOWC-GOWA算子及相对熵的区间型组合预测模型;另外,通过实例分析了该组合预测模型的合理性和有效性;结果表明:该组合预测模型可以有效地提高区间型数据的预测精度,即该模型是合理有效的,并且,参数λ和BUM函数的选取会对模型的预测精度产生一定的影响。     

基于IOWHA算子的区间预测模型及应用

针对实际值序列和预测值序列均为区间数的组合预测问题,把区间数的左右端点作为两个独立的时序数列,通过引入诱导有序加权调和平均(IOWHA)算子,分别建立以区间数左右端点的倒数离差相关系数最大化为准则的IOWHA算子的变权系数最优组合预测模型,再通过引入偏好系数把多目标最优化模型转化为单目标最优化模型,并尝试给出各模型最优解的性质.最后利用数据进行分析,并和其他单项预测方法或组合预测方法相比较,从而证明该方法确实能够提高区间预测的精度.     

灰色组合预测模型及其在人口预测中的应用

分别以原始数据的一次累加生成序列中的每个数据作为初始条件,建立了多个GM（1,1）预测模型,进一步建立了线№组合预测模型,组合模型的权系数利用蚁群算法确定．最后给出了我国人口数量的组合预测模型,计算结果表明,灰色组合预测模型的拟合和预测精度要优于单个传统预测模型．     

区间型金融时间序列的长记忆性研究

研究金融时序的长记忆性能够帮助人们更加准确地刻画金融市场的特征,而在现有研究中,有关区间型金融时序长记忆性的研究很少。因此,考虑了区间型金融时序蕴含的长记忆性特征及其基于现有实值金融时序长记忆性建模的区间值时序预测模型,首先,将区间数表示成区间中心和区间半径的形式;然后分别对中心和半径序列进行长记忆性检验,并对具有长记忆性的序列进行组合预测;最后,以上证综指和深证综指的区间股指为实证对象进行验证。实证结果表明:上证综指的区间股指具有明显的长记忆性,且组合预测能够显著提高区间型金融时序的预测精度。     

动态灰色预测模型在大坝变形监测及预报中的应用研究

详细地讨论了灰色预测模型GM（1，1）和动态灰色预测模型的基本内容及建模过程，并成功地将等维新息和等维灰数递补两种动态灰色预测模型应用于大坝变形的预测预报。实践证明，等维新息动态预测由于实时地加入了新的信息，提高了灰区间的白色度，预测效果最好；等维灰数递补动态预测利用了序列建模的结果，淡化了灰平面的灰度，使预测结果有所改善；GM（1，1）模型由于是静态地反映系统的变化趋势，预测的精度最低。因此，动态灰色预测模型在大坝变形的预测预报中比静态预测模型具有更高的应用价值。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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