Al_2O_3担载Fe化学气相沉积法合成石墨烯

Al2O3担载Fe作催化剂化学气相沉积法400℃下催化裂解乙炔进行反应,反应气氛分别为氢气和氩气,产物通过60℃下36%的浓盐酸中回流进行提纯.样品通过扫描电子显微镜和高分辨透射电子显微镜进行了表征.结果表明:当反应气氛为氢气时可以一次性制备均匀性很好的薄膜,其厚度约为3～15nm,层数约8～20层,薄膜之间相互交连在一起,表面有很多褶皱,为典型的石墨烯纳米片的结构;当反应气氛为氩气时,石墨烯纳米片则变成了副产物.     

开口WS2纳米管的制备与表征

在氢气与噻吩的催化还原气氛中，于400℃加热分解高能球磨后的前驱体(NH4)2WS4．用粉末X射线衍射(XRD)，扫描电子显微镜(SEM)，高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)和N2吸附比表面测定(BET)对反应产物进行了分析表征．结果表明反应产物是高纯度多壁的开口WS2纳米管，其平均长度为5μm，内径约为15nm，外径约为30nm，层间距为0．62nm．对于反应过程，提出了WS2纳米管“由内向外”的生长机理．     

气相火焰中铁钴镍合金表面沉积碳纳米管及形态分析

利用甲烷在空气中扩散燃烧,以铁钴镍合金片为载体和催化剂合成了碳纳米管,借助扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和拉曼光谱等分析了碳纳米管的形貌和结构。在合金表面成功沉积了碳纳米管,其外径为8~10 nm,内径为3 nm,长度约为15μm,密度大且分布均匀。研究表明:与纯镍片相比,铁钴镍合金具有更好的催化效果。     

ZnSe纳米棒的一步水热法制备及其表征

采用一步水热法,由氢氧化钠、单质硒粉与乙酸锌反应,在EDTA存在的条件下,成功制备了立方相ZnSe纳米棒.对所得样品分别通过X射线衍射和透射电子显微镜进行了物相鉴定与形貌观察.在190 ℃,1.2 MPa条件下得到的纳米棒直径约为40～70 nm,长度为360～460 nm.温度超过200 ℃时,形成的为ZnSe纳米颗粒.讨论认为在纳米棒的形成过程中,EDTA起络合剂的作用,并形成了胶束状软模板.该方法为ZeSe及其它半导体纳米棒的合成提供了一种简单易行的方法.     

花状氧化锌微晶的合成、表征及光学性质研究

通过氯化锌和乙醇胺混合溶液,在95℃水热反应2 h合成了花状ZnO微晶.利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和紫外可见光谱对产物进行了表征和分析.结果表明该花状ZnO微晶为纤锌矿结构,它是由长度约为2.5μm,直径约为90nm的单晶ZnO纳米棒自组装构成,并进一步研究了其生长机制.紫外可见光谱表明,该ZnO微晶在375nm附近有尖锐的吸收边.     

纳米氧化铟/硅纳米孔柱阵列的酒敏特性

以硅纳米孔柱阵列(Si-NPA)为衬底、高纯金属铟为铟源,采用化学气相沉积法制备了氧化铟(In_2O_3)/Si-NPA复合纳米体系,并对其表面形貌和结构进行了表征.结果表明,In_2O_3/Si-NPA中In_2O_3具有体心立方结构,其薄膜由粒径为100~400 nm的纳米颗粒和长约为1μm、直径约为300 nm的纳米棒组成,而这些纳米颗粒、纳米棒均由平均粒径约为19 nm的In_2O_3纳米晶粒组成.气体传感性能测试结果表明,In_2O_3/Si-NPA对低含量酒精具有较高的响应度和良好的选择性.当酒精的体积分数为2×10~(-6)时,器件的响应值达到463%,响应和恢复时间分别为15 s和8 s.     

模板法合成Ag纳米线阵列

以多孔阳极氧化铝为模板,用乙二醇作还原剂,将Ag 在模板的纳米孔道内还原并进行限域生长,制得了Ag纳米线.用X-射线衍射光谱(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等检测手段对产物进行了表征,结果表明所得Ag纳米线具有面心立方晶体结构,纳米线阵列排列整齐,长度可达10μm,单体纳米线的直径约为60 nm,与所用模板的孔径相当.     

Ag纳米棒的控制合成

在多孔氧化铝纳米孔道内,乙二醇与Ag 反应生成银核,在一定温度下并经限域生长形成银纳米棒.用X射线衍射光谱(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)以及电子选区衍射(SAED)等检测手段对产物进行了表征.TEM形貌表明,制备的银纳米棒产量丰富,半径均匀,其长度约为200 nm,平均直径为60 nm,这与所用模板的孔结构相一致;SAED图表明银纳米棒是孪晶结构;XRD数据分析指出银纳米棒具有面心立方的晶体结构.     

基于ZnO纳米棒的太阳电池表面陷光技术研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法在SiO2/Si（100）衬底进行ZnO纳米棒结构制备实验研究。所制备的纳米棒结构直径约20-200nm,长度约几个微米。通过分析影响＂陷光＂性能的结构参数,调整制备工艺条件,可获得符合太阳电池表面＂陷光＂要求的结构。     

具有核-壳结构的聚吡咯纳米复合棒的制备与表征

以纤维状偶氮染料GR为模板,在氧化剂过硫酸铵的作用下,吡咯单体原位聚合,制备偶氮功能基团掺杂的导电聚吡咯(PPy)纳米材料.试验结果表明:合成的聚吡咯为实心的棒状复合材料,形态结构规整,直径约为200 nm,长度为几微米,并具有核-壳结构,其内核为偶氮染料GR(直径约为60 nm),外层由粒状聚吡咯构成,表面凹凸不平.聚吡咯纳米复合棒表现出良好的热稳定性,其电导率为10-3 S/cm数量级.在交变电场中,随着外加频率的增加,材料的相对介电常数表现出明显的下降趋势.X射线衍射(XRD)测试表明,聚吡咯纳米棒为非晶态结构材料.     

Synthesis of carbon nanotube arrays using ethanol in porous anodic aluminum oxide template

Carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays confined by porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template were synthesized using ethanol as reactant carbon source at low pressure. Images by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and low magnification transmission electron microscopy (TEM) show that these CNTs have highly uniform outer diameter and length, absolutely controlled by the diameter and depth of nano-channel arrays of the AAO. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) imaging indicates that the graphitization of the CNT walls is better than the results reported on this kind of template-based CNT arrays, although it is not so good as that of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) synthesized by catalysis. CNTs synthesized using acetylene as reactant gas show much less graphitization than those prepared using ethanol by comparing the results of HRTEM and Raman spectroscopy. The etchingeffects of decomposed OH radicals on the amorphous carbon and the roughness of AAO nano-channel arrays on the CNTs growth were employed to explain the graphitization and growth of the CNTs.     

Carbon nanotubes prepared by anodic aluminum oxide template method

One of the most unique structural characteristics of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) differentiating from other carbon materials is their hollow nanochannles, which can be utilized for encapsulating and loading foreign matters. The anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template technique enables the diameter, length, and cap structure control of the replicated CNTs, and thus shows advantages in pore structure control over the traditional CNT growth approaches. This review details the synthesis of CNTs with tunable diameter, length, wall thickness, and crystalline by using the AAO template method. The doping of heteroatoms and filling of foreign matters into AAO-CNTs are also addressed. Moreover, the main challenges and developing trends of the AAO template method are discussed.     

多孔氧化铝模板中交流沉积铁与铁铜纳米线阵列

采用二次阳极氧化法制备高度有序的多孔阳极氧化铝模板,采用阶梯降压法减薄致密的阻挡层.在不同铁铜离子摩尔比的电解液中,以铝基底和铂电极作为两电极,利用交流电化学沉积法,在氧化铝模板上成功制备了铁及铁铜纳米线.利用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪对铁及铁铜纳米线的微观结构和形貌进行了分析.结果表明,制备的铁及铁铜纳米线排列有序,粗细均匀,其直径与模板的孔径一致.     

Decoration of activated carbon nanotubes by assembling nano-silver

A facile solution processed strategy of synthesizing nano silver assembled on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) at room temperature was put forward. Activated carbon nanotubes were used as precursors for preparing silver-decorated nanotubes. The nature of the decorated nanotubes was studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The inert surfaces of carbon nanotubes were activated by introducing catalytic nuclei via an oxidation-sensitization-activation approach. Activated carbon nanotubes catalyzed the metal deposition specifically onto their surfaces upon immersion in electroless plating baths. The method produced nanotubes decorated with silver. The extent of silver decoration was found to be dependent on fabrication conditions. Dense nano silver assembled on nanotube surfaces could be obtained by keeping a low reaction rate in the solution phase. The results here show that this method is an efficient and simple means of achieving carbon nanotubes being assembled by nano metal.     

Synthesis of carbon nanotube array using corona discharge plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition

A corona discharge phasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition with the features of atmospheric pressure and low temperature has been developed to synthesize the carbon nanotube array ,The array was synthesized from methane and hydrogen mixture in anodic aluminum oxide template channels in that cobalt was electrodeposited at the bottom.The characterization results by the scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy indicate that the array consists of carbon nanotubes with the diameter of about 40 nm and the length of more than 4 μm, and the carbon anotubes are mainly restrained within the channels of templates.     

双扩散模板法制备卤化银纳米线及其光催化性能

在室温条件下,通过溶液的双扩散法于AAO模板中制备AgX纳米线,利用XRD,SEM和TEM等分析手段对纳米线进行了表征,结果表明,用该方法合成的AgX纳米线阵列分布均匀,取向性极好,直径50nm,与AAO模板的孔径一致.通过纳米线阵列膜对罗丹明B的降解情况对其光催化活性进行了测试,结果表明AgX纳米线具有良好的光催化性能.     

Synthesis of carbon nanotube array using corona discharge plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition

Carbon nanotube array plays an important role in the area of nanomaterials due to its potential applications, e.g. as field emitter in flat panel display[1,2] and as template for synthesizing arrays of other important nanomaterials[3]. Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template possesses an ordered porous structure that is formed through self-or- ganization during anodization[4,5], and is widely used to synthesize one-dimensional nanomaterial arrays[6]. Carbon nanotubes are usually assembled into t…     

CeO2/CNTs复合光催化剂的制备及其对抗生素废水光催化降解研究

以多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)为载体,硝酸锶铵为锶源,采用水热法制备CeO2/CNTs复合管光催化剂．采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE．SEM)对碳纳米管负载CeO2前后的形貌进行了的表征;以阿莫西林溶液的降解为目标反应,考察了催化剂的紫外光、可见光(A>420 nm)催化活性．结果表明：所制备的催化剂基本保持了原始MWCNTs的纤维状形貌,二氧化锶在MWCNTs表面分布均匀,MWCNTs增强了污染物在催化剂表面的吸附,提高了对光的吸收和利用,因此所制备的CeO2／MWCNTs复合光催化剂表现出较高的光催化活性．     

AAO模板外表面自组织纳米孔洞的差异性研究

以草酸为电解液,分别用一次阳极氧化法和二次阳极氧化法制备了阳极氧化铝（AAO,anodic aluminum oxide）模板,在较大范围内得到了纳米孔分布均匀、孔洞大小均一、尺寸可控、排列有序的双通模板．采用扫描电镜（SEM）对其形貌进行表征,发现一次阳极氧化法制得的AAO模板的反面孔洞排列较为规则,而正面的孔洞排列规则性明显不如反面;二次阳极氧化法制备得到的模板正、反面孔洞的排列都比较规则．比较了模板正、反面纳米孔洞的差异,并结合阳极氧化过程中电流的变化,探讨了自组织孔洞的形成机理．目前尚未发现关于纳米孔洞差异性及原因分析的文献报道．     

交流电沉积条件对沉积Ni纳米线的影响

采用恒压40V二次阳极氧化方法制备了阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板,模板的孔径均匀有序。在二次阳极氧化的基础上阶梯降低电压至10V,可有效减薄阻隔层,有利于Ni纳米线的交流电沉积。利用扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对AAO模板以及Ni纳米线的形貌进行表征。探索了阶梯降低氧化电压、电源滤波以及电沉积频率对沉积Ni纳米线的影响。结果表明,阶梯降低氧化电压、适当的频率以及滤波可以明显提高电沉积效果,得到比较均匀有序的Ni纳米线。