一种新的C2—对称联芳香化合物的合成

由１．８－萘二甲酸酐出发，经磺化，碱融，硼氢化锂还原和三氯化铁氯化偶合４步反应合成新的Ｃ２－对称联芳香化合物ｄｌ０５．５＇－二羟基－６．６’－联－１Ｈ，３Ｈ－萘（１．８－ｃｄ）吡喃。     

3羟基—1,8—萘二甲酸酐的氧化偶合反应

本报导使用ＦｅＣｌ３．６Ｈ２Ｏ或铜（Ⅱ）氨络合物作氧化偶合试剂，在甲醇，乙腈或水溶剂中由３－羟基－１，８－萘二甲酸酐进行偶合反应，以高的产率生成３，３’－二羟基－４，４－联－１，１’，８，８’－萘四甲酸酐。     

（1R,3R）—（—）—1—甲氧基—5,6—亚甲二氧基—3—（3,4,5—三甲氧苯基）…

在ＬｉＡｌＨ４及光学活性物质－孟氧基－３（５Ｈ）－呋酮存在下，将６－（３’，４，５－三甲氧基羟卞基）－胡椒醛二甲缩醛的甲苯溶液加热回汉８小时，可得旋光性的（１Ｒ，３４）－（－１）－１－甲氧基－５，６－亚甲二氧基－３－（３，４，５三甲氧苯基）－异苯并二氢呋喃晶体，产率６１．８％。     

1，4－二钠－1，1，4，4－四苯基丁烷加合物的合成与表征

用１，４－二钠－１，１，４，４－四苯基丁烷在乙醚中分别与四氢呋喃（ＴＨＦ）和１，２－二乙氧基乙烷（ＤＥＥ）反应，合成了两个未见报道的、对空气和湿气极为敏感的１，４－二钠－１，１，４，４－四苯基丁烷加合物（Ｃ６Ｈ５）２ＣＮａＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＮａ（Ｃ６Ｈ５）２·ｎＬ（Ｌ＝ＴＨＦ．ｎ＝８；Ｌ＝ＤＥＥ，ｎ＝６）加合物均经元素分析、红外光谱、质谱及氢核磁共振谱鉴定．     

（1R，3R）－（－）－1－甲氧基－5，6－亚甲二氧基－3－（3，4，5－三甲氧苯基）－异苯并二氢呋喃的选择性合成

在ＬｉＡｌＨ４及光学活性物质（５Ｒ）－孟氧基－２（５Ｈ）－呋喃酮（５）存在下，将６－（３′，４′，５′－三甲氧基羟卞基）－胡椒醛二甲缩醛（４）的甲苯溶液加热回流８小时，可得旋光性的（１Ｒ，３Ｒ）－（－）－１－甲氧基－５，６－亚甲二氧基－３－（３，４，５－三甲氧苯基）－异苯并二氢呋喃晶体（１），产率６１．８％．     

藏山羊产乳性能和乳酶及乳清蛋白的测定

对分布于青藏高原地区和山谷地区藏山羊的泌乳性能和乳清蛋白组分，及山谷地区域山羊乳酶力进行了测定，结果表明：高原地区藏山羊产乳量平均为２４．０ｋｇ，乳中营养成分含量（％）：乳脂为４．８±１．２、乳糖为４．５９±０．７５、乳蛋白为４．８７±０．６１；山谷地区藏山羊产乳量平均为３６．６２ｋｇ，乳中营养成分（％），乳脂为５．３±１．５、乳糖为４．９９±０．４５、乳蛋白为３．０８±０．４８．山谷地区的藏山羊乳酶，ＬＤＨ、ＡＫＰ，Ｒ－ＧＴ和ＬＰ和活力分别为８１．９±３７．８、７．７±３．５、４３７．４±９３．０、５３２．７±２０２．６单位，ＬＰ在体外可被１０￣（－５）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的硫氰酸根或乳酸根活化，经琼脂糖凝胶平板电脉，可将乳ＬＤＨ分离出ＬＤＨ＿１、ＬＤＨ＿２和ＬＤＨ＿３三条带，各带所占有百分比分别为５０．６±４．５、３１．６±４．２和１７．８±３；３．采用ＳＤＳ－ｐＡＧＥ，乳清蛋白显示出五条区带，即ＳＡ、Ｉｇ－Ｈ、Ｉｇ－ｌ，β－Ｌｇ和α－Ｌａ。乳清蛋组分（％）：高原地区藏山羊ＳＡ为６．６±３．０、Ｉｇ为２２．９±６．５、β－Ｌｇ为４７．５±９．１和α－Ｌａ为２３．０±１０．６；山谷地区藏山羊相应为６．６±２．６、２     

1,4—二钠—1,1,4,4—四苯基丁烷加合物的合成与表征

用１，４－二钠－１，１，４，４－四苯基丁烷在乙醚中分别与四氢呋喃（ＴＨＦ）和１，２－二乙氧基乙烷（ＤＥＥ）反应，合成了两个未见报道的，对空气和湿气极为敏感的１，４－二钠－１，１，４，４－四苯基丁烷加合物（Ｃ６Ｈ５）２ＣＨａＣＨ２ＣＮａ（Ｃ６Ｈ５）２．ｎＬ（Ｌ＝ＴＨＦ，ｎ＝８；Ｌ＝ＤＥＥ，ｎ＝６），加合物均经元素分析，红外光谱，质谱及氢核磁共振谱鉴定。     

1,4—双（1‘苯基—3’—甲基—5‘—氧代吡唑—4’—基）—1,4苯二酮稀土配…

本文报道了１４种新的稀土元素配合物，它们是用稀土的硝酸盐与１，４－双（１’苯基－３－甲基－５－氧代吡唑－４－基＿－１，４苯二酮在乙醇－水溶液中于ｐＨ＝５．８－６．０条件下反应制得的。     

新试剂8Q5SAH双波长增敏法测定铜

建立新试剂２－（８’－羟基喹啉－５’－磷酸偶氮）－１－羟基－８－氨基－３,６－萘二磺酸（简称８Ｑ５ＳＡＨ）测定铜的方法．实验表明,铜与试剂在 ｐＨ９．２３的 ＮＨ４Ｃ１／ＮＨ３·Ｈ２Ｏ 缓冲介质中发生配合反应形成１：６的配合物,表面活性剂十二烷基苯磷酸钠对体系有增敏作用,以试剂的最大吸收波长６４０ｎｍ为参比波长,以配合物的最大吸收波长 ５５０ｎｍ为测量波长,用双波长增敏法测得该体系的摩尔体系的摩尔吸光系数为２．９×１０４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１,线性范围为０－３５μｇ／２５ｍＬ,方法用于测定实际样品中的铜,结果满意．     

3－羟基－1，8－萘二甲酸酐的氧化偶合反应

本文报导使用ＦｅＣｌ＿３·６Ｈ＿２Ｏ或铜（Ⅱ）氨络合物作氧化偶合试剂，在甲醇，乙腈或水溶剂中由３－羟基－１，８－萘二甲酸酐进行偶合反应，以高的产率生成３，３＇－二羟基－４，４＇－联－１．１＇，８，８＇－萘四甲酸酐。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-