赤峰市平庄—元宝山盆地汉诺坝玄武岩的地球化学特征及其构造背景

对分布于赤峰东部平庄—元宝山盆地的汉诺坝玄武岩进行了岩石学、地球化学研究.结果表明,研究区内火山岩主要岩石类型为玄武岩及少量沉凝灰岩.玄武岩岩石成分较均一,主量元素变化不大,富钛、贫铝,富Na2O,低K2O.玄武岩稀土元素总量低,轻稀土元素富集,铕、铈异常不明显.玄武岩富集大离子亲石元素Rb,Ba,Th,K,Ta和LREE,高场强元素U相对亏损,相容元素Cr,Co,Ni含量较低.本区汉诺坝玄武岩属于拉斑玄武岩系列,火山岩的源区是软流圈上地幔,玄武岩形成于大陆裂谷的拉伸环境,是大陆板块内部稳定构造环境的产物.     

EMI型皖东上第三系大陆碱性玄武岩：Nd,Sr同位素证据

本文报导皖东地区上第三系大陆碱性玄武岩的地球化学特征和成因初探，其中８个样品的Ｎｄ、Ｓｒ同位素组成范围为．在大洋玄武岩的Ｎｄ－Ｓｒ同位素平面上，表现为从原始地幔向ＥＭＩ型地幔端元展布趋势．皖东玄武岩具有轻稀土和高度不相容性元素相对富集的微量元素丰度模式，类似于洋岛玄武岩（ＯＩＢ）．皖东玄武岩的源区可能是Ｎｄ、Ｓｒ同位素组成不均一、且富化的大陆岩石圈地幔．     

西藏班戈县蓬错地区富铌玄武岩地球化学特征及地质意义

系统的岩石化学与地球化学研究表明西藏蓬错地区存在富铌玄武岩。SiO_2含量为45.84%~55.88%,TiO_2含量为1.05%~3.25%,与加拿大Superior省太古代Wawa绿岩带的富铌玄武岩相当。Na_2O含量为0.92%~5.10%,P_2O_5含量为0.23%~1.19%,与新生代富铌玄武岩相同。稀土分布模式为无明显铕异常或弱负铕异常的右倾曲线,轻重稀土分馏较强烈。虽然铌含量很高,但Th与轻稀土元素的强烈富集,在微量元素蛛网图中铌依然显示亏损,高场强元素Ta、Ti也呈弱负异常。微量元素地球化学特征显示,蓬错富铌玄武岩形成于班公湖—怒江结合带中段的洋内弧,是adakite熔体交代的地幔楔橄榄岩部分熔融的产物,其源区处于石榴石—尖晶石稳定域,作用深度60~100 km。蓬错富铌玄武岩的发现和厘定,表明班公湖—怒江带中段在中—晚侏罗世经历了洋内俯冲消减过程,揭示了自北向南的洋内俯冲极性,也暗示了班公湖—怒江结合带多次俯冲改造的复杂性。     

江苏及皖东新生代玄武质岩石岩石化学和矿物成分的研究

本文从岩石化学和矿物学角度,研究了江苏及皖东新生代玄武质岩石,初步确定它们属于碱性玄武岩系列;是喜山运动早、中、晚三个岩浆旋迥的产物;主要岩石类型有橄榄玄武岩、碱性橄榄玄武岩、碧玄岩、霞石岩以及由分异作用或混染作用形成的碱性辉绿岩、拉斑辉绿岩和方沸正长岩;岩石的碱性程度自老至新、自东向西增强;由于岩浆的分离结晶作用和受硅铝层混染,引起一系列岩石化学和矿物成分的规律性变化。本文还试图根据玄武质岩浆类型和包裹的超镁铁包体,以及普通辉石、歪长石、石榴石大晶体的成分,估计岩浆源的深度,自东向西由35～50公里加深到75～90公里左右。     

苏北盆地与周围地区的新生代玄武岩及其形成的大地构造环境

本文首先计算了苏北盆地及周围地区30多个地点的150多个玄武岩的岩石化学分析数据的标准矿物值,并进行化学分类,进而探讨了各时期岩浆活动性质。利用地质温度计和压力计对照计算了部分地点玄武岩的形成条件,并综合各种岩石化学特征指数、岩浆来源深度以及微量元素含量等分析结果,着重讨论了岩浆活动的规律及其所反映的大地构造环境问题。     

贵州峨嵋山玄武岩的显微斑状结构及其意义

本文从岩石结构的角度,研究了贵州西部峨嵋山玄武岩。以镜下依据为基础,结合岩石化学特征和其他地质事实,认为贵州西部峨嵋山玄武岩曾经历了埋藏变质作用的改造。本区玄武岩Na_2O偏高,MgO偏低,并非岩石原有特征。这一认识,对今后进一步研究本区玄武岩及其有关矿产,是值得重视的。     

西藏羌塘地区印支期火山岩构造地球化学特征

西藏羌塘地区印支期火山岩主要分布在盆地北缘若拉岗日和羌塘中央隆起南缘肖茶卡－香琼火山岩地区。主要元素和稀土元素地球化学特征分析表明，若拉岗日区火山岩属富钠型的的碱性系列玄武岩，肖茶卡－香琼火山岩为拉斑玄武岩。两区岩石系列和构造发育部位虽不同，却都是在海西期末闭合的裂陷带上再扩张过程中形成的，反映盆地北部和中央隆起处的两条板块缝合带有相似的演化特点。     

俯冲带环境下的火成岩岩石组合及其意义

大洋板块俯冲是板块构造中威尔逊旋回的重要环节。俯冲带环境下具有特殊的火成岩岩石组合,并产出有大量金属矿产。大洋岛弧与陆缘弧的火成岩组合以拉斑玄武岩、钙碱性玄武岩、安山岩和英安岩组合为主,其中陆缘弧的中酸性组分相对偏多。埃达克岩产出在特殊的俯冲带环境下,例如热的年轻洋壳、低角度缓慢俯冲及特殊的地热等环境。埃达克质岩浆上升侵位过程中与地幔楔发生交代作用,形成富Nb玄武岩。埃达克岩通常伴生有大量的金、铜等矿产资源。     

川西YS-1井玄武岩特征及与峨眉山玄武岩对比

探讨位于传统峨眉山大火成岩省之外的YS-1井玄武岩的特征及其与邻区峨眉山玄武岩的联系,为区域地质研究和油气勘探提供参考。YS-1井玄武岩总厚度达258 m,下与中二叠统茅口组灰岩呈火山喷发不整合接触,可见灰岩大理岩化;上与上二叠统龙潭组呈假整合接触。依据岩石组合及层序特征,共划分出16个韵律,归为3个旋回。岩相以溢流-喷溢相为主;初步研究显示玄武质多孔熔岩为主要的储层岩石类型,第三旋回上部为储层发育的有利部位。地球化学特征显示其属亚碱性-碱性过渡的高钛玄武岩,具洋岛玄武岩(OIB)特征;富集大离子亲石元素,稀土配分模式呈右倾平滑型,与峨眉山玄武岩相似。轻、重稀土分异程度揭示其岩浆起源于石榴子石二辉橄榄岩区的低度熔融;强不相容元素特征显示其源区受到陆壳或岩石圈地幔轻微混染。岩相特征、构造环境判别结果为板内玄武岩,属裂隙式喷发。该套玄武岩属于峨眉山大火成岩省的一部分,即YS-1井玄武岩的发现将峨眉山玄武岩分布范围扩大到了成都一带。     

北秦岭榴辉岩的地球化学特征及形成环境

地球化学研究表明：北秦岭榴辉岩原岩属于拉斑玄武岩系列，岩石的Nb／La＝0．68-0．92，Ce／Nb＝2．11—3．62，Th／Yb＝0．42—1．00，Ti／Zr＝75．26—125．84，显示源区具有N—MORB的特征；岩石Nb含量9—13μg／g，Zr／Y值为4．24—6．92，同时明显富Ti和Fe，又显示了OIB的特征，因此岩石源区应是N—MORB和OIB两个端元的混合。结合地质资料综合分析，认为北秦岭榴辉岩原岩可能是洋盆中的海山玄武岩，具有洋壳性质，洋壳被消减俯冲到下地壳或地幔深处，经高压变质形成榴辉岩。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.