臭氧活性炭、纳滤联用制取优质饮用水的中试研究--水质净化效果研究

臭氧活性炭、纳滤联用对受污染饮用水深度净化的中试处理效果表明,在臭氧投量3.3 mg/L,臭氧化反应时间12min,活性炭滤速6.5 m/h的运行条件下,臭氧活性炭预处理能够大量地去除原水中的污染物,可保证纳滤的正常运行;纳滤采用一级两段的级联方式,在操作压力为0.6～0.7MPa,膜通量为25.6L/m2@h,回收率为75%的条件下,对预处理后残余有机物的净化效果良好,其部分脱盐的特性可保留水中部分矿物质,提高了水质的安全性和健康性.     

生物—臭氧氧化技术处理垃圾渗滤液

采用生物—臭氧氧化技术对垃圾渗滤液进行了研究.结果表明:生物处理可以去除垃圾渗滤液的CODCr;随着氧化时间的延长,去除率随之增大;在碱性条件下进行臭氧氧化,pH值越高,CODCr去除效率越高.采用BOD5/CODCr来表征垃圾渗滤液的生物降解性,研究了臭氧氧化前后垃圾渗滤液生物处理出水的生物降解性变化规律,表明臭氧氧化可以提高垃圾渗滤液生物处理出水的生物降解性,但提高的幅度不大.采用色谱-质谱法对臭氧氧化前后垃圾渗滤液成分进行分析,结果表明:臭氧氧化前后废水中的主要成分没有发生变化,这些物质多为长链烷烃;臭氧氧化使废水中的部分物质发生了结构上的变化,这些物质多为可降解物质.     

臭氧降解丁香酚的效果及动力学分析

采用臭氧氧化法降解含水溶性木素衍生物丁香酚的模拟废水,考察了初始p H值、丁香酚初始浓度、臭氧质量浓度和温度对臭氧氧化降解丁香酚过程中CODCr去除效果的影响,并对降解过程中CODCr去除反应的动力学进行研究.结果表明:臭氧对丁香酚具有良好的氧化降解效果,在p H=11、丁香酚初始浓度为1 mmol/L、臭氧质量浓度为24.83 mg/L、温度为25℃的条件下,臭氧降解丁香酚过程中的CODCr去除率可达67.77%;臭氧氧化降解丁香酚过程中CODCr的去除反应符合两段拟一级反应动力学特征;采用幂指数方程分析反应动力学,可分别得到0~10 min和10~60 min反应时间内CODCr去除反应的动力学方程.     

臭氧氧化法预处理叔丁醇模拟废水

本文采用臭氧氧化技术对叔丁醇模拟废水进行预处理,考查了臭氧进气量、溶液pH值、反应温度和反应时间对废水化学需氧量(CODCr)的影响.实验结果表明:在pH值为11.00、臭氧进气量为1400mg/h的条件下,反应时间90min、反应温度35℃,废水的CODCr去除率达到31.93％,BOD5/CODCr由0.001提高到0.2～0.3.     

提高后续BAC效率优化臭氧预氧化的研究

利用臭氧预氧化改善废水的可生化性,达到提高后续生物活性炭的效率的目的.采用排阻色谱法测定不同臭氧消耗量下有机物的不同相对分子质量的组分变化,试验结果表明:臭氧氧化作用可以有效地将部分大、中分子的有机物转化成中、小分子的有机物;同时,将一部分小分子有机物去除,提高水中有机物的可生化性,有助于减少后续处理的负荷和提高生物处理的效果.通过臭氧批量试验,同时考虑到经济因素和残余尾气的毒性,确定了不同季节的最佳臭氧消耗量为:冬季7.0 mg/L,春季6.7 mg/L,夏季5.2 mg/L,秋季6.0 mg/L.     

高藻期滦河水处理工艺流程对比试验研究

对天津滦河高藻原水进行常规处理工艺、常规处理-活性炭工艺、常规处理-预氧化和臭氧活性炭工艺处理效能的对比试验,研究结果表明:在常规处理工艺投加适量的混凝剂可有效控制浊度,但其对TOC和藻类的去除率仅为38.7%和89.5%;在常规处理工艺基础上增加后续活性炭过滤后,TOC和藻类的去除率可达65.1%和97.0%;在臭氧预氧化和常规处理基础上增加臭氧活性炭工艺,TOC和藻类的去除率可达83.2%,98.3%;同时臭氧预氧化可提高气浮对藻类和TOC的去除效率,臭氧中间氧化也有利于提高活性炭对TOC的去除.     

臭氧在水处理技术中的应用

针对常规水处理工艺的不足,提出臭氧可应用于各种水处理技术中以改善处理效果.该文通过O3/H2O2、臭氧/活性炭、O3/UV等臭氧高级氧化技术,进一步分析臭氧在水中的分解机理,得出羟基自由基的存在是臭氧具有强氧化性的原因之一.羟基自由基的强氧化性,可有效提高处理效果,在各种水处理技术中有着广泛的应用.     

用于电厂生活污水深度处理的不同臭氧化工艺

以河北西柏坡电厂生活污水处理厂二级出水为原水,考察了不同臭氧化工艺对该厂二级出水中微量有机物的处理效果.静态实验和动态实验的结果均表明,紫外线、活性炭协同催化臭氧化技术(即OUC技术)可显著提高二级出水中难降解有机物的氧化降解,并可显著提高臭氧利用率.     

活性炭纳米TiO2催化臭氧化降解有机废水实验研究

采用沉淀—吸附法制备了活性炭纳米TiO2催化剂,催化臭氧化去除废水中的氯乙酸,研究了反应时间、pH值、臭氧浓度等因素对处理效果的影响.实验结果表明:活性炭纳米TiO2臭氧催化氧化法能有效的处理含氯乙酸废水,其COD去除率可达到85%以上.     

臭氧-活性炭工艺处理油田轻度污染地下水的实验研究

通过对臭氧氧化、活性炭吸附及臭氧-活性炭组合工艺的实验研究,探讨了利用臭氧-活性炭工艺处理石油类污染物轻度污染的地下水的可行性.研究发现,臭氧氧化能去除地下水中的部分石油类污染物(30%)和高锰酸盐指数(<10%);单独使用活性炭吸附对石油类污染物和高锰酸盐指数的去除效果有限,在空床停留5～60 min条件下,去除率分别约为14%,8%;在正交实验获得的最佳实验条件下,臭氧-活性炭组合工艺可以使地下水中的石油类污染物、高锰酸盐指数达到国家饮用水水质标准(GB5749-2006).结果证明,臭氧-活性炭工艺是处理石油类污染物轻度污染地下水的有效方法.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.