2型糖尿病并发症临床分析

目的 :研究 2型糖尿病常见的并发症 ,分析导致糖尿病并发症发生的原因。方法 :随机选择 2型糖尿病 2 16例 ,分析患病年龄及病程与糖尿病并发症的关系。结果 :2型糖尿病最常见的并发症为糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR) ,其次为高血压 ,糖尿病肾病 (DN) ;糖尿病患者的年龄、病程与糖尿病并发症呈正相关。结论 :血糖、血压的不良控制导致糖尿病并发症的发生、发展 ;糖尿病患者保持接近正常范围的血糖水平对于预防糖尿病并发症十分重要     

纤维蛋白肽A检测对糖尿病肾病早期诊断的意义

目的研究糖尿病肾病患者纤维蛋白肽A(FPA)的变化,探讨FPA的检测对早期诊断糖尿病肾病的意义.方法选择糖尿病肾病患者(DN)30例作为研究对象,糖尿病患者(DM)30例,用高效液相色谱仪检测患者尿液FPA值,将所得结果进行比较.结果 DN组与DM组、DN组与健康对照组比较,FPA水平测定中,DN组为(55.839±16.623)mg/gCr,经统计学处理,DN组与其他2组比较均有明显增高(P<0.01).结论 FPA指标检测变化非常明显,是凝血因子活化指标,能敏感的直接反映凝血过程中凝血与纤溶阶段的活化,是诊断早期糖尿病肾病的较敏感指标.     

ACE基因I／D多态性与郴州地区汉族2型糖尿病患者CIMT的关系

目的探讨血管紧张素转化酶（ angiotensin - converting enzyme, ACE）基因插入／缺失（insertion／deletion,L／D）多态性在郴州地区汉族2型糖尿病患者中的分布及其与糖尿病血管病变的关系。方法病程大于2年的郴州地区汉族2型糖尿病患者168例,依据是否合并高血压（hypertension,I-IT）、糖尿病肾病（diabeticnephropathy,DN）和糖尿病视网膜病变（diabeticrefinopathy,DR）等归类。采用PCR法确定其ACE基因多态性,高分辨彩超测量了其颈动脉内中膜厚度（carotid intima—media thickness,CIMT）,分析了I／D多态性与HT、DN、DR和CIMT的关系。用Logistic回归分析探讨了CIMT增厚的危险因素。结果ACE基因型在本组患者中分布为：DD型21．4％,ID型38．1％,Ⅱ型40．5％。3个基因型之间CIMT（P=0．001）、并发DN的比例（P=0．001）和合并HT的比例（P=0．005）有统计学差异。CIMT增厚的危险因素包括女性性别,DD基因型,并发DN和高龄。结论郴州地区汉族2型糖尿病患者ACE基因的D等位基因与HT、CIMT增厚及DN等血管病变正相关。CIMT增厚的危险因素包括女性,DD基因型,并发DN和高龄。     

IL-17、VEGF与糖尿病微血管病变部位及区域数量的关系

目的:探讨2型糖尿病患者不同部位及区域数量微血管病变外周血IL-17和VEGF水平的变化和意义.方法:检测2型糖尿病患者外周血中IL-17和VEGF水平,按照微血管病变部位,比较糖尿病视网膜病变、糖尿病肾病及糖尿病周围神经病变患者以及不同损伤区域数量微血管病变患者IL-17和VEGF的水平.结果:糖尿病微血管病变患者IL-17、VEGF水平高于无血管病变患者和健康对照组者(p<0.01).糖尿病视网膜病变、糖尿病肾病和糖尿病周围神经病变患者IL-17、VEGF水平比较差异无统计学意义(p<0.01).合并3种微血管病变患者IL-17、VEGF水平高于合并1种微血管病变患者(p<0.01),合并2种微血管病变患者IL-17、VEGF水平高于合并1种微血管病变患者(p<0.01),糖尿病微血管病变组的血清IL-17与VEGF有明显的正相关(r=0.412,p<0.05)结论糖尿病微血管病变患者外周IL-17、VEGF水平升高,IL-17、VEGF水平与微血管病变部位无关,与微血管病变损伤区域数量有关,炎症因子IL-17、VEGF水平及其相互作用与糖尿病微血管病变的广泛性一致.     

2型糖尿病合并代谢综合征与视网膜病变的相关性

为探讨2型糖尿病合并代谢综合征对视网膜病变的影响,对177例2型糖尿病患者资料进行分析,结果显示:2型糖尿病视网膜病变组的病程、收缩压、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、载脂蛋白B、血尿酸2、4 h尿微量白蛋白、HOMA-IR指数、HOMA-β指数均高于糖尿病非视网膜病变组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),高密度脂蛋白、空腹胰岛素、空腹C肽低于糖尿病非视网膜病变组(P0.05),差异亦有统计学意义;在2型糖尿病患者中,合并MS组分越多,发生DR的危险性越高;病程、吸烟史、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、24 h尿微量白蛋白、收缩压、舒张压、HOMA-IR、HOMA-β是2型糖尿病患者发生视网膜病变的危险因素(P0.05)。由此可知,代谢综合征与糖尿病视网膜病变的发生、发展有着密切关系。     

血管紧张素Ⅰ转化酶多态性与内蒙古地区2型糖尿病及合并肾病的关系

为研究内蒙古地区汉族ACE基因第16内含子多态性与糖尿病及合并肾病的相关性.利用PCR技术检测内蒙古地区86例汉族对照组、2型糖尿病(type2 diabetec mellitus,T2DM)不伴有肾病患者(nephropathies,DN-)和T2DM合并肾病患者(DN+)的ACE基因第16内含子是否存在插入、缺失(I/D)多态性.结果表明.对照组与DN-组比较,I/D基因型和等位基因频率均没有统计学意义(P>0.05);对照组与DN+组比较,I/D基因型和等位基因频率均有统计学意义;DN+组的ACE基因DD型基因频率和等位基因D显著大于对照组和DN-组,有统计学意义(P<0.05),这表明在内蒙古地区2型糖尿病患者中存在AcE基因第16内含子插入/缺失多态,D等位基因的出现使DN发生的相对危险增加,与Ⅱ基因型相比,基因型为ID、DD的DM患者并发DN的可能性增加.     

角膜神经纤维形态参数变化在早期T2DM视网膜病变的应用价值

目的探讨角膜神经纤维形态参数变化在早期发现Ⅱ型糖尿病(T2DM)视网膜病变的应用价值.方法选取T2DM患者236例,其中合并糖尿病视网膜病变114例(Ⅰ期36例,Ⅱ期50例,Ⅲ期28例),无糖尿病视网膜病变122例;另收集同期健康志愿者120例为对照组.使用共焦激光角膜显微镜检测角膜神经纤维形态变化,分析与T2DM视网膜病变临床指标的关系.结果视网膜病变组神经长度、神经纤维密度、神经分支密度明显低于无视网膜病变组和对照组,神经纤维弯曲度明显高于无视网膜病变组和对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05).无视网膜病变组神经纤维弯曲度、神经分支密度明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);无视网膜病变组与对照组神经长度、神经纤维密度之间差异均无统计学意义(P0.05).Ⅲ期视网膜病变患者神经长度、神经纤维密度、神经分支密度均明显低于Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期患者,神经纤维弯曲度明显高于Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期患者,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05).视网膜病变组患者病程明显长于无视网膜病变组,空腹C肽、GLU明显低于无视网膜病变组,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05).T2DM患者病程与角膜神经纤维长度和分支密度均呈负相关;T2DM患者空腹C肽水平与角膜神经纤维弯曲度呈负相关,与神经纤维密度呈正相关.结论 T2DM视网膜病变患者角膜神经纤维形态参数发生异常变化,有助于早期发现视网膜病变;对病程较长和空腹C肽水平较低的T2DM患者应用价值更高.     

2型糖尿病脂代谢紊乱及胰岛素抵抗与视网膜病变的关系

测定了80例2型糖尿病和30例正常对照组的血脂谱、空腹血糖（FBG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）、空腹胰岛素（FISN）、胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）等指标并进行比较分析,将糖尿病患者分为：非糖尿病视网膜病变组（NDR）、背景期DR（BDR）及增殖期DR（PDR）。结果表明：与正常对照组比较,糖尿病各组HbAlc、FINS、FBG、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、载脂蛋白-B（Apol-B）、载脂蛋白-A／B显著升高（P〈0．05或0．01）,ISI、高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）则明显降低（P〈0．05或0．01）,各组之间载脂蛋白-Al（Apol-Al）含量无显著性差异（P〉0．05）;糖尿病各组间进行两两比较,TG、HbAlc在NDR组、BDR组、PDR组中逐渐升高,ISI则依次降低（P〈0．05）,BDR组、PDR组FINS明显高于NDR组（P〈0．05）．但PDR组和BDR组之间差异无显著性（P〉0．05）,各糖尿病组间的FBG、TC、LDL、Apol-B、Apol-A／B无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。说明脂代谢紊乱及胰岛素抵抗可能与2型糖尿病视网膜病变关系密切。     

糖尿病下肢血管病变患者血脂、纤维蛋白原水平变化的研究

目的：探讨2型糖尿病合并下肢血管病变患者血脂、纤维蛋白原水平变化及其意义。方法：对55例2型糖尿病患者行双下肢动脉超声检测，根据有无下肢血管病变分为糖尿病合并下肢血管病变组（实验组）23例和无下肢血管病变组（对照组）22例，并作血糖、血脂和纤维蛋白原等含量测定。结果：两组总腮固醇、甘油三脂、高密度脂蛋白等均无统计学差异，糖尿病下肢血管病变组较无血管病变组低密度脂蛋白、纤维蛋门原明显增高（P〈0．05）。结论：糖尿病合并下肢血管病变患者存在血脂、血凝功能异常，低密度脂蛋白和纤维蛋白原的异常增加是糖尿病下肢血管并发症的重要原因。     

依帕司他片联合前列地尔注射剂治疗糖尿病视网膜病变疗效观察

探究糖尿病视网膜病变患者采用依帕司他片联合前列地尔注射剂治疗对炎症因子水平、氧化反应指标及不良反应发生率的影响。选择2019年2月—2021年2月糖尿病视网膜病变患者58例进行比较研究,采取双盲信封法分组,分别为对照组（依帕司他片治疗）与观察组（依帕司他片+前列地尔注射液治疗）,每组29例,比较炎症因子水平、氧化反应指标及不良反应发生率。与用药前比较,2组患者白介素-2(IL-2)、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）指标下降,白介素-10(IL-10)指标上升,且观察组IL-2、TNF-α低于对照组,IL-10高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。与用药前比较,患者超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、总抗氧化活力（TAC）氧化反应指标上升,丙二醛（MDA）指标下降,且观察组SOD、TAC高于对照组,MDA水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组不良反应发生率10.34%与对照组不良反应发生率6.90%比较,差异不显著,无统计学意义（P>0.05）。联合使用依帕司他片与前列地尔注射剂治疗糖尿病视网膜病变临床疗效确切,可改善患者炎症因子水平、氧化反应指标,与单纯使用...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to