EPBS方法分析含氘/氚钛膜及与PVT法的比较

本文使用EPBS方法分析了含氚及含氘与氚钛膜样品中氚及氘的含量与深度分布,并将氚的分析结果与PVT方法所给出的结果进行了比较.实验所使用的Ti膜衬底是Mo,在EPBS能谱的低能端, Mo元素的模拟谱与实验谱偏差较大,会导致分析结果不准确.为消除EPBS实验谱中的Mo谱对分析的影响,本文使用了一个Mo衬底的TiH_(1.81)样品成功扣除了EPBS实验谱中的Mo本底,扣除Mo本底后可以直接模拟样品中氘与氚的能谱,使得分析结果更为精确可靠.     

用中子飞行时间分析氢同位素深度分布

论述了一种注入或者吸附在材料中的氚和氘的深度分布的测量方法.样品为氚(钛)靶和氘(钛)靶.用2MeV入射质子束,T(p,n)反应研究氚的深度分布;用1MeV入射氘束,D(d,n)反应研究氘的深度分布.用标准的飞行时间方法测量中子能谱。由中子能量确定起反应的质子或氘核的能量。进而得出氚或者氘在钛层中的深度分布.本方法的灵敏度可达0.1at.％.对氚(钛)靶,当靶厚为5mg/cm~2时,深度分辩好于0.5mg/cm~2.     

产生快中子的长寿命氚化钛靶

中子束诊断技术在先进制造业、炸药、走私吕检查、医疗和其它工业中都得到了广泛的应用。在轰击能量低的情况下，产生高通量快中子的最佳核反应是＾３Ｈ（ｄ，ｎ）＾４Ｈｅ，即ｄ－Ｔ反应。现在运用ｄ－Ｔ反应的中子发生器的寿命受轰击是氚气从靶上逐渐释出的限制。本文是一篇研究限制氚束粒子取代氚束粒子取代氚，从而防止氚气释放造成中子产额减少的工作进展报告。可以预计，利用固定在高氢热扩散率基片上，如铌基础上的薄氚钛靶，     

CITP-II在线产氚辐照回路设计

 在线产氚辐照回路是根据聚变能源研究的需要,在热中子堆上设计的增殖剂材料辐照产氚及释氚回路,可进行增殖剂材料的辐照评价、氚的载带及循环参数研究等工作.本文介绍了CITP-II在线产氚辐照回路的主要工艺系统和核心装置.辐照舱实现了增殖剂材料的堆内安全辐照;载气系统完成了增殖剂材料的在线换料和释放氚的载带;间气及净化系统可进行增殖剂辐照温度和释氚温度窗口的调节及控制;理论计算数据和确定的回路运行参数,可为CITP-II在线产氚辐照回路的运行及增殖剂产氚释氚试验研究提供借鉴.     

靶钛膜处理对氘-氘及氘-氚中子管性能的影响

利用氘和氚充气真空系统和镀靶系统制备了不同靶膜厚度和充气量的系列中子管,其充气系统极限真空达到了1.5×10-6 Pa.利用微调阀可精确控制每次进入系统的氘和氚气体量.通过改变钛丝量和加热电流来控制靶膜厚度,采用3He中子监测仪监测系列中子管的产额、稳定性及老练特性.探讨了靶膜的多次处理对于中子管的老练、稳定性等指标的影响,为提高中子管性能提供了参考.     

反应堆含氚重水提氚关键技术研究进展

基于建立的年处理１０t重水的组合电解催化交换唱色谱分离（CECE-GC）实验系统,就含氘轻水提氘 演示实验及利用含氚轻水进行含氚重水提氚模拟运行做了介绍。结果表明,２４０h含氚轻水的连续运行,CECE 系统整体浓缩倍数约为４,电解池氕、氚分离因子约为１０;８m３桙d色谱分离系统运行２３h,可将１０.５m３料气的 ９０％中的氘贫化１０００倍;氚储存系统运转正常。CECE唱GC实验系统的建立,为重水提氚技术的进一步工程化提 供了研究平台。     

用对比参数表示的汽液平衡新方程

提出了适用于氢、氘和氚的汽液平衡方程,此方程的特点是用对比压力和对比温度表示氢、氘和氚的汽液平衡关系,并且直接将压力表示为温度的函数关系。利用文献数据,拟合出了适用于氢、氘和氚的汽液的参数。将温度代入方程进行了回代计算,得到压力的计算值与文献值符合较好,对于氢、氘和氚,平均误差分别为0．058％、0．630％和0．042％。同时,将此公式用于^4He效果也比较好,平均误差只有0．071％。     

金属氚化物的氦释放

在过去几年中，我们一直在进行金属氚化物（主要是氚化饵）的氦释放测量。我们发现，定性地看，我们感兴趣的所有氚化物都具有相同的释氦规律：最初，氦以低速度释放。该速率似乎与材料（膜或块）的外表面积有关。例如，氚化饵膜最初的氦释放速率约为其生成速率的０．３；大多数氚化物膜最初的氦释放速率大致如此。过一段时间（这段时间的长短与氦生成量、母体吸气元素性质及二氢化物相的氚饱和度有关）后，氦的释放变为一种新的模式     

中国氦冷固态试验增殖模块(CH HCSB BT-TBM)产氚优化

借助一维中子输运计算程序ONEDANT对ITER实验包层模块(TBM)设计的产氚问题进行了计算分析与优化设计,基于初始的模块结构设计,首先计算出不同材料区的产氚增值比和能量密度分布,改变不同材料区的氚增值材料后,进行中子学计算和分析,最后得到最佳的氚增殖材料分布和产氚分布等参数。     

EPBS对氚化钛薄膜中氚量及分布的初步分析

近年来,我们致力于将氚$衰变诱发X射线谱分析(BIXS)方法发展成为一种准确测量含氚薄膜中氚量及分布的常规方法.该方法结合了蒙特卡罗模拟与Tikhonov正则法,近期已用于一系列氚化钛薄膜样品总氚量、深度分布的分析.增强质子背散射分析(EPBS)方法作为一种快速、无损的杂质成分含量及深度分布的分析手段,在本文中被用于该系列氚化钛薄膜样品的分析,并与相应的BIXS结果进行了比较,对分析中的有关问题也进行了讨论.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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