SO2-4/MxOy型固体超强酸催化剂的发展与应用

综述了近年来国内外有关SO2-4/MxOy型固体超强酸催化剂的研究进展与应用,包括催化剂的制备方法、酸强度及其表征以及催化剂在氢化异构化、烷基化、酯化等催化反应中的应用,并指出了目前在催化剂研究方面存在的问题,对它的发展前途进行了展望.     

开环易位聚合研究进展

简要介绍了开环易位聚合的基本情况,结合开环易位聚合相关研究报道,综述了开环易位聚合最新研究进展,着重介绍了新型聚合催化剂的研究与应用情况,特别是新型选择性催化剂、扩环复分解催化剂、负载型催化剂和结构不确定催化剂。在开环易位聚合研究与应用方面,重点介绍了遥爪型聚合物、嵌段聚合物、接枝共聚物和液晶聚合物的研究情况。在此基础上,指出了今后开环易位聚合的研究与应用方向。     

纳米金催化剂的研究与应用

介绍了有关负载金催化剂在CO选择氧化、氮氧化物还原、乙炔氢氯化、水气转换以及烃类的催化燃烧等的应用研究及各种影响金催化剂催化活性的因素。展望了金催化剂的应用前景,提出了有待进一步探讨的问题。     

过渡金属的纤维膜负载技术研究

由于在加氢、偶联、氧化等反应中优良的催化性能,过渡金属在实验研究和工业应用中都引起了广泛的关注。均相金属催化剂微粒容易发生聚集现象而导致催化剂活性降低且不可循环利用,因此其应用受到了极大限制,而非均相催化剂微粒不易发生聚集、可循环使用,有效地降低贵金属浪费及对环境的污染。纤维膜催化剂具有催化活性高、易回收等优点,本文对近期纳米纤维膜负载过渡催化剂的制备与应用进行总结。     

燃速催化剂在固体推进剂中的应用研究

总结了近10年来燃速催化剂在固体推进剂中的应用研究现状,指出了燃速催化剂研究的发展方向以及纳米燃速催化剂在固体推进剂中的应用前景。     

用于生物柴油生产的非均相催化剂研究进展

通过综述各种固体酸、碱非均相催化剂的结构特性及在制备生物柴油中的应用研究,探讨了未来工业应用非均相催化剂的前景.     

用于生物柴油生产的非均相催化剂研究进展

通过综述各种固体酸、碱非均相催化剂的结构特性及在制备生物柴油中的应用研究,探讨了未来工业应用非均相催化剂的前景。     

单原子催化剂在环境催化中的应用

单原子催化剂是金属以单原子形式负载到载体表面的一种新型催化剂.由于独特的电子结构、几何构型及最大化的原子利用率,单原子催化剂在多种重要催化反应中展现了优异的活性和选择性,其应用和机理研究成为研究的热点和前沿.文章主要综述了近年来单原子催化剂的发展过程、制备方法及其在环境催化领域中的应用,并在文献的基础上做了一定的展望.     

纳米材料在汽车尾气净化中的应用

针对汽车尾气排放及净化现状，阐述了纳米Al2O3载体、纳米贱金属催化剂、纳米稀土催化剂、纳米贵金属催化剂的特性及其在汽车尾气净化催化器中的应用，探讨了纳米材料在汽车尾气净化催化器中的应用趋势．     

SO^2—4／MxOy型固体超强酸催化剂的发展与应用

综述了近年来国内外有关SO^2-4/MxOy型固体超强酸催化剂的研究进展与应用，包括催化剂的制备方法，酸强度及其表征以及催化剂在氢化异构化、烷基化、酯化等催化反应中的应用，并指出了目前在催化剂研究方面存在的问题，对它的发展前途进行了展望。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.