基于遗传算法的二阶段结构损伤探测方法

为了有效地进行工程结构的损伤识别,提出了一种基于遗传算法的二阶段损伤探测方法.首先利用基于频率的多损伤定位准则和基于位移模态的多损伤定位准则分别计算出有关损伤的初步决策,然后利用信息融合技术中的证据理论方法,将两者的初步决策进行融合,从而获得较为精确的损伤位置估计,最后在已识别出的可能损伤单元的基础上,利用改进的遗传算法进行更精确的损伤位置和程度估计.数值仿真结果表明,采用证据理论进行融合可以获得较为精确的损伤位置估计,比单纯的多损伤定位准则识别效果更好,而采用改进的遗传算法则可以更为精确地判定损伤的程度,优于简单的遗传算法.     

基于数据融合的大型输电铁塔结构损伤识别

对输电铁塔进行损伤识别研究,可以提高其可靠性与安全性,避免重大事故的发生.将模态柔度差和模态柔度改变率引入到输电铁塔的损伤识别研究中,在单损伤和多损伤情况下,完成了某500kV输电铁塔的损伤位置识别.为了提高结构损伤识别的准确性,在铁塔损伤识别中引入多传感器数据融合技术,提出了基于数据融合的铁塔结构损伤识别方法,将模态柔度差、模态柔度改变率和模态曲率差3种损伤指标进行数据融合处理,融合后的铁塔损伤识别结果可以克服柔度指标在多损伤工况特征不明显和误判的情况,识别效果较单一指标得到了很大的改善.     

基于遗传优化神经网络算法的桥梁结构损伤识别

当前越来越多的大型桥梁结构安装了健康监测系统,作为桥梁健康监测系统的核心,结构损伤识别技术成为研究热点.基于人工神经网络和遗传算法的优点,提出了一种新的方法——遗传优化和神经网络混合算法(用遗传算法优化神经网络的初始权重,)实现桥梁结构损伤的位置和程度的识别.与传统的人工神经网络算法相比,该方法克服了其易于陷入局部最优的缺点.对工程实例梁的试验数据进行分析和结构损伤状况识别,结果表明,该算法的可行性和可靠性,可以应用于类似结构损伤的识别与评价.     

基于分级遗传算法的结构损伤识别方法

提出了一种基于遗传算法的利用不完整振动数据识别结构损伤的新方法，该方法首先扩展不完整的振型并利用单元能量熵差比确定结构损伤的大致位置，然后采用二级搜索策略，借助遗传算法确定结构损伤的程度，数值计算结果表明，当可能的损伤区域较大时，本方法较直接搜索策略更能有效地确定结构损伤的程度。     

基于小波分析和遗传算法的结构损伤诊断

提出了小波-遗传算法的概念,建立了一种既能识别结构损伤位置、又能确定损伤程度的小波-遗传算法。首先,以有限元分析求解损伤结构振型模态为基础,用db1小波做连续小波变换,由小波系数模极大值识别损伤的位置。然后,以单元刚度的折减系数为遗传算法的优化变量,用振型和频率的误差函数加权来构造目标函数,并通过损伤位置的确定来简化目标函数的变量,再用遗传算法对目标函数进行优化,从而确定结构的损伤程度。通过对一简支梁进行数值模拟分析,计算结果表明,提出的方法不仅能够有效识别损伤的位置,而且能够准确识别损伤程度。     

基于影响线多源信息融合的悬索桥损伤识别

为了精确识别悬索桥结构构件的损伤位置及程度,建立悬索桥空间结构有限元模型,通过模拟准静态加载提取并分析结构的位移、应力影响线,并构建了影响线曲率差指标,通过提取结构振型与频率,构建悬索桥结构柔度矩阵,并构造柔度曲率差变化率指标,用于悬索桥结构构件损伤识别.基于Dempster-Shafer证据理论融合影响线与柔度指标,...     

结构初始损伤识别的随机弹性模量

为进一步借助环境激励条件识别结构损伤,导出了求解未损伤结构与损伤结构随机弹性模量的方程.该方法从特征值问题出发,视泊松比参数、弹性模量参数分别为常量与随机变量,并结合结构的有限单元模型以及实测数据.通过引入结构单元损伤因子,对结构的初始损伤进行识别.该方法既可精确评价结构的初始损伤程度,也可初步估计初始损伤的位置,为结构损伤自动识别技术的实际工程应用提供了理论基础.     

基于卷积神经网络和迁移学习的结构损伤识别

针对传统基于机器学习损伤识别方法手工提取特征适应性差、识别能力弱等问题,提出一种基于卷积神经网络和迁移学习的新颖、快速结构损伤识别方法.首先根据损伤特征向量特点,提出原始信号的分帧处理流程;其次考虑多传感器数据融合要求,建立多通道一维卷积神经网络结构损伤识别模型,给出模型的整体流程和网络参数;然后采集不同通道和不同噪声水平下,模拟不同位置程度损伤的15层框架数值模型加速度数据,进行损伤识别;最后将网络模型进行迁移学习,对7层框架模型试验进行损伤识别,并验证所提方法的可行性、准确性和计算复杂性.结果表明,该方法实现了特征自适应提取、损伤位置和损伤程度的精准识别,具有突出的计算效率.     

表情识别中的粒子群检测与分割方法

结合粒子群优化算法,提出了一种对人脸进行精确检测与分割的方法,以提高表情识别的准确率。通过肤色分割得到大致的人脸轮廓;通过粒子群优化检测到人脸的精确位置。利用精确的人脸进行PCA降维和特征提取后可进行表情识别。实验结果表明,此方法很好的排除了干扰因素,提高了表情识别的准确率,尤其对于某些单表情效果极佳。     

染色体长度自适应调整的遗传算法在损伤位置识别中的应用

研究了改进的遗传算法在结构损伤位置识别中的应用。首先介绍了遗传算法在结构损伤模式识别中的应用,然后由染色体中局部区段损伤值缺损的特性,对遗传算法提出了对应的改进原理,通过对遗传算法的损伤模式搜索过程中染色体长度的自适应调整,缩小损伤位置的搜索范围,减少计算量。四边固支板结构损伤诊断位置的搜索过程验证了该改进的算法是有效的。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.