基于Labview和PCA分析方法的电子鼻设计

为解决电子鼻在食物品质评价中的应用问题, 设计了基于金属氧化物半导体型气体传感器阵列和\{Labview\}虚拟仪器的电子鼻系统。该系统通过对不同样品进行信号采集建立气味数据库, 信号采集系统由STM32微控制器和24位模数转换器AD7794构成, 采集的信号通过串口被传输到PC(Personal Computer), PC接收数据后, 使用在Labview平台下搭建的上位机软件, 通过内嵌的Matlab脚本对数据进行整理, 最终利用PCA(Principal Component Analysis)对数据进行分析, 获取气味指纹。该系统通过对5种不同种类食用酱的挥发气体进行检测, 建立气味数据库, 进而实现对未知酱品的检测,最终实现了对不同种类的食用酱准确区分的方法。     

Heracles Ⅱ气相电子鼻技术快速鉴别荜澄茄与洋澄茄

利用Heracles Ⅱ快速气相电子鼻对荜澄茄与洋澄茄样品进行气味分析,获取气味色谱信息,结合Kovats保留指数与Arochembase数据库内容,对两类样品的差异化合物进行定性分析.结果显示:通过Arochembase数据库对比分析,荜澄茄与洋澄茄的气味特征差异显著,PCA模型区分明显,运用SIMCA模型能够对荜澄茄与洋澄茄的实现快速鉴别.研究表明,Heracles Ⅱ气相电子鼻技术可用于荜澄茄与洋澄茄的快速鉴别.     

科海撷趣

一台探测速度最快、探测准确率最高的“电子鼻”。这种“电子鼻”可以在10秒钟之内,将一个混合物中的几百种气味识别出来,且准确率目前堪称世界之最。这种被称为“ZNOSE”的“电子鼻”,已被美国国家污染监测机构美国环境保护局确认。 “ZNOSE”电子鼻使用的是一种快速色层分离法,不同的化学物质会在不同的时间里显露出来。“ZNOSE”电子鼻的关     

国外科技集锦

电子备鼻检测水果陈露英国华威大学最近宣布研制出一种新型“电子鼻”，它能帮助商家和消费者检测水果成熟程度。现有的水果成熟度检测手段大多需要从水果中提取出一定成分，这往往会给水果造成不同程度的损坏。华威大学工程学院加德纳教授等研制出的“电子鼻”，是采用闻气味的方法进行检测，因此不会损伤水果。新型“电子鼻”由气味传感器和神经网络元件结合而成。传感器探测到的水果气味，经神经网络处理后与数据库中的资料进行比较，即可精确计算出水果成熟到何种程度。如果“电子鼻”事先能接受“训练”掌握一定“经验”，那么它还可实…     

应用电子鼻分析香精及产品气味变化相关性

优化了电子鼻录入香精及产品气味信息的方法,在该录入条件下实现了电子鼻区分香精及对应产品在贮藏过程中气味信息的变化.对2支香精及对应产品在常温条件下贮藏过程中的气味变化进行了追踪,并通过对不同气味信息建立模型,分析了香精及产品在贮藏过程中气味变化的相关性.     

合成条件对LaKFeMoO6化合物性质的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了LaKFeMoO6化合物的前驱体,在不同温度和不同氢气与氩气体积比的条件下合成了LaKFeMoO6.利用X射线衍射仪、振动样品磁强计对该化合物进行了晶体结构和磁学性能的表征. 结果表明,在800,830,850 ℃和不同的氢气体积分数下都可以形成双钙钛矿型化合物.然而在800 ℃烧结的样品其磁性受氢气体积分数的影响较小,在830,850 ℃烧结的样品受氢气体积分数的影响较大.     

一个新分数阶系统的混沌同步与参数识别

对一个带有未知参数的新分数阶系统的同步和参数识别问题进行了研究.首先给出了不同相平面上混沌吸引子,基于分数阶系统稳定性理论,为系统设计了合适的自适应同步控制器和未知参数的辨识规则,实现了系统的混沌同步和未知参数的辨识.     

基于可拓理论的知识管理成熟度识别

针对企业知识成熟度的判定一般都采用定性的方法,对知识成熟度的判别不够准确的问题.利用可拓集合的研究成果通过对知识管理过程的可拓识别对知识管理的成熟度进行识别,并结合实例进行了实证分析.     

论壳聚糖在澄清刺梨果汁中的作用

本文以壳聚糖为澄清剂处理刺梨果汁，研究壳聚糖用量与果汁澄清效果的关系，以及澄清后果汁主要成份的变化，探讨壳聚糖在刺梨果汁饮料生产中的实用性与可行性．结果表明，壳聚糖是一种优良的果汁澄清剂，能提高果汁的透光率，不影响果汁中的营养成份，同时能降低果汁中单宁含量，从而减轻了果汁的苦涩味．经壳聚糖澄清后的刺梨汁，可直接用来配制刺梨果汁饮料，该饮料具有很好的贮存稳定性，而且生产方法实用、易行．     

电子鼻研究进展及在中国白酒检测的应用

基于传感器技术、信号处理技术和模式识别技术发展起来的电子鼻技术是过去二十年中发展最为迅速的气相分析和气体检测技术之一,它已逐渐在生物医学、环境监测、农业生产、食品检测等多个领域得到应用.电子鼻是利用对待测气体具有交叉敏感性的传感器阵列将待测气体中的混杂气味组分信息转化为与时间、成分、浓度或含量相关的可测物理信号组,利用信号采集系统输出含有待测气体特征信息的数字信号,通过模式识别系统分析数字信号得到待测气体综合气味信息和隐含特征,实现对待测气体快速、系统、准确的鉴别和分析.本文综述了电子鼻技术中的传感器技术和模式识别技术及在中国白酒品牌鉴定、风味识别、酒龄检测方面的最新研究进展;以聚合物石英压电传感器型电子鼻为例,阐明该电子鼻的技术方案及其在中国白酒检测中的应用;展望电子鼻未来研究方向.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.