风翼助航船舶在规则波浪中的稳性

为研究风翼助航船舶在波浪中的稳性,以一艘46 000 t油轮为目标船,首先,根据目标船的船型数据,在Maxsurf软件中进行三维建模并验证其正确性;其次,将航行时船舶与波浪的相对位置分为4种情形,分析加装风翼后船舶在不同的船-波位置中的稳性变化.结果表明,波峰在船中部且波长近似于船长时,船舶稳性下降较大.最后,通过Matlab软件选取随机数的方法模拟船舶航行时的随机风浪,计算船舶在加装风翼后航行的安全可靠性.由船舶在8级风级下的最危情况可以看出,加装风翼后船舶的航行安全性要低于未加装风翼的船舶,并且存在4.77%的倾覆概率.     

随机横浪中船舶倾覆概率的时域分析方法

为了研究随机海浪中船舶航行安全域的构造及生存概率的预报方法，考虑阻尼和复原力矩的非线性及海浪的随机性，建立随机横浪中船舶运动的随机非线性微分方程．综合考虑船舶运动的瞬时状态和窄带海浪谱，采用简谐加速度方法在时域内求解横摇随机微分方程，进行随机倾覆过程的数值模拟，构造船舶航行的安全域，计算船舶安全航行的生存概率．选取不同的初始蒂件及随机波浪参数，在横摇初值平面上构造了一手长30．27m渔船航行的安全域，预报了不同有义渡高作用下渔船安全航行的生存概率．采用本文方法，可以从数量上预报船舶在随机海浪中的生存概率．     

风翼助航船舶风翼攻角控制策略

针对风翼助航船舶,考虑到风翼侧推力会增加船舶阻力,结合风翼作用力和船舶空气阻力,对能够为风翼助航船舶提供最大助推作用的风翼攻角控制策略进行分析.采用分离型数学建模(MMG)方法建立某6万t散货船的风翼助航船舶运动模型,并采用变参数PID自动舵对船舶航向进行控制;结合风翼空气动力特性和裸船体空气阻力特性,进一步对二者合作用力特性进行分析;通过仿真分析不同风况下二者合力对船舶稳态航速变化的影响,得到最佳风翼攻角控制方案.     

船舶非线性大幅横摇导致倾覆的研究

综述了风浪中船舶倾覆研究的最新进展,对各种主要的研究成果作了述评,着重归纳论述风浪中稳性损失,非线性大幅横摇运动的性态和随机波浪中船舶倾覆的概率预报,在分析了各种理论方法优缺点的基础上提出了须进一步研究的建议。     

船舶在规则横浪中的奇异倾覆

采用非线性动力学理论研究了船舶在风浪中的抗倾覆能力．用近似方法求解描述船舶横摇运动的非线性微分方程，获得船舶运动的稳态解．运用分岔分析方法结合Floquet理论对该稳态解进行稳定性分析，结果显示，在一定的波浪条件下，船舶运动将经历倍周期分岔而进入混沌，从而导致船舶的倾覆．由此证明，运动稳定性丧失也是船舶倾覆的一种模式，因此将倍周期分岔归纳为船舶倾覆的机理之一．选择船舶的固定横倾角作为一个敏感因素来探讨它对于船舶抗倾覆能力的影响．结果表明，船舶的固定横倾角会极大地损害船舶在风浪中的稳性．     

船舶斜浪航行生存概率预报的安全盆方法

针对首斜浪和尾斜浪中船舶航行安全盆的构造及生存概率的预报方法，采用安全盆方法预报随机海浪中船舶航行的生存概率，考虑阻尼和复原力矩的非线性及海浪的随机性，建立了船舶横摇运动的随机非线性微分方程，综合考虑船舶运动的瞬时状态、航速及航向角，采用简谐加速度方法在时域内求解横摇随机微分方程，构造船舶斜浪航行的安全盆并预报斜浪航行的生存概率．选取不同的初始条件、航速、航向角及随机波浪参数，在横摇初值平面上构造了一条长30．7m渔船的安全盆并计算了渔船的生存概率，分析和比较了在首斜浪和尾斜浪航行时，有义波高和航速对船舶安全盆和生存概率的影响．结果表明，船舶的倾覆是否发生，与航速、航向角及船舶瞬时运动状态密切相关，     

基于MATLAB的海浪及船舶横摇仿真模型研究

在分析随机海浪的波倾角和能量谱以及船舶运动受力的基础上，建立了随机海浪的仿真模型，利用MATLAB软件对海浪波倾角及船舶的横摇运动进行了仿真，为船舶横摇控制及隔离船摇稳定平台的建立奠定了基础。     

海上丝绸之路环境影响船舶稳性安全分析方法

为了量化研究风浪因素对航行船舶横摇风险的影响,提出了一种面向航行环境的船舶稳性安全分析方法。基于Kriging插值与自适应加权平均方法,建立了海上丝绸之路航线风浪环境数据处理框架。结合历时22 a的海区气象资料,绘制了海上丝绸之路关键水域的船舶航行风险图,通过风浪环境要素对船舶横倾影响的定量分析,提出了评估船舶稳性安全的横倾风险指数。基于对典型船舶倾覆事故案例的分析模型重构,揭示了外部风浪环境对船舶稳性安全的影响。进一步开展同类货物运输案例的对照分析,发现了船舶内部环境对船舶稳性安全的影响,验证了船舶属性和货物性态在保证船舶稳性安全中的重要作用。船载货物性态的稳定性与船舶航行环境同等重要,应纳入船舶稳性安全影响体系。该研究对于建立以船舶航行安全为核心的海上丝绸之路航线交通韧性治理体系具有参考价值。     

应用路径积分法求解船舶横摇倾覆概率

通过对船舶非线性横摇运动进行分析,建立了船舶横摇运动的非线性微分方程.以路径积分法(PIS)为基础,在时间域内求解相应的二维Fokker-Planck方程,得到随时间演变的船舶横摇运动的转移概率密度.运用首次通过理论,求得船舶倾覆前时间的概率分布.研究了外部激励、横摇阻尼和非线性复原力矩对船舶横摇运动转移概率密度与首次通过时间的影响.研究结果表明,PIS能用于预测船舶首次通过时间概率分布,从而为船舶设计和稳性衡准提供相关的参考.
     

船舶横摇状态下行人疏散速度分析

为研究船舶横摇对行人疏散速度的影响，通过计算行人在横摇运动空间中不同维度的受力，依据实时更新的横摇角度和角速度，建立一种考虑船舶横摇运动的三维动态社会力模型。以横摇幅度和横摇周期为变量，设置多场景的仿真实验，计算行人平均运动速度和疏散时间，分析不同横摇状态下的行人运动规律。仿真结果表明：相较静态倾斜，船舶横摇进一步导致行人移动速度衰减及疏散进程延缓，随着横摇幅度增大，行人速度不断降低，横摇幅度超过15°后，疏散时间迅速增加；增大船舶横摇周期对疏散过程有一定的积极影响，可以有效提升人员行走速度，减少疏散时间，但其影响程度仍与横摇幅度有关；在相同横摇幅度情况下，当横摇周期达到10 s及以上时，疏散效率可以显著提高。研究结果可为设计人员提升船舶安全性和管理者制定人员疏散决策提供理论依据和技术支撑。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-