制造执行系统（MES）在中国石油兰州石化公司的应用

针对石化行业生产执行系统(MES)的应用需求,在分析石化行业MES的特点和国外主流MES的基础上,采用分布对象技术,提出了灵活可组态的MES软件体系结构,该体系结构主要由企业MES数据平台、MES业务逻辑及其实现和用户界面三个层级构成。基于软件体系结构,结合石化行业的业务知识和领域知识,设计开发了一个炼化一体化的MES软件系统。     

制造执行系统(MES)的应用与发展

以制造执行系统(MES)的集成模型、外部环境模型、功能模型和REPAC模型为主线论述了其应用与发展历程,阐述了MES在中国的研究、应用与发展现状,认为MES是实现车间生产管理敏捷化的基本技术手段.在此基础上,从国外、国内和技术三个角度展望了MES的未来发展趋势,指出了敏捷化、智能化和集成化是MES技术及系统的重要发展趋势,为制造业制订MES实施的整体解决方案提供了参考.     

离散型制造业应用MES系统模型设计

以离散型制造业为应用背景,设计了在ERP和PCS之间的MES系统(制造执行系统)模型,渗入了智能知识化生产管理要素.建立了ERP/MES/PCS三层为核心的企业信息全面集成,使制造闭环控制过程从上层ERP企业资源计划经过中间层MES制造执行系统最后到达底层PCS生产控制系统,其关键环节是MES模型的实现和渗入智能知识化能促进离散型制造业企业信息化与全面综合自动化的发展.     

制造执行系统MES及其功能技术模型

制造执行系统（MES）是企业信息化工程领域的研究热点之一,是企业信息集成的关键技术。介绍了MES的概念、功能模型以及MES与ERP、PCS及其他系统之间的关系;探讨了制造执行系统的技术模型和信息流模型。对于企业实施完整的闭环生产具有一定的指导意义。     

制造执行系统在钢铁行业中的应用研究

结合我国钢铁企业发展的现状以及存在的问题,简要介绍了制造执行系统(MES)在钢铁行业中的应用.给出了MES的构成及功能,介绍了MES特点.说明建立钢铁行业管理信息化模型具有重要作用.     

热电厂MES系统数据仓库的设计与应用

为了解决热电厂中实时数据和管理数据难以形成统一数据模式的问题,提出了在数据库的基础上增加时间维来建立分层次的MES系统数据仓库.将MES系统数据仓库分成即时数据层和长期数据层,通过数据仓库与管理层、执行层以及控制层之间的数据驱动更好地为各层管理人员提供了决策所需信息.并以电厂中设备的预报警为主线,给出了电厂MES系统数据仓库的数据模型和概念模型,建立了OLAP分析模型.试验结果表明,MES系统数据仓库在电厂预报警方面有着良好的应用.     

炼油企业中MES和ERP的集成

企业资源计划系统(ERP)和制造执行系统(MES)是企业综合自动化的两个重要的系统.ERP是面向管理的企业层信息系统,MES是面向执行的工厂层信息系统,为ERP系统和控制系统提供关键连接.本文介绍了ERP系统和MES系统的功能模型,提出了炼油企业ERP系统和MES系统的集成方法.     

制造业信息化整合的利器-制造执行管理系统（MES）

制造执行管理系统（MES）是制造业企业信息集成的纽带，是实施企业制造战略和实现车间现场控制系统的基本技术手段。本文主要介绍MES的概念、功能模型，以及MES与其它管理信息系统之间的关系。     

数据校正技术中平衡模型的建立

本章针对石化企业物流数据校正问题,详细讨论了如何建立满足实际用户要求的数据校正的物料平衡模型.     

基于消息中心的可重配MES的研究

针对现代制造执行系统(manufacturing execution system,MES)有高可重配性需求的问题,提出一种基于消息中心构建可重配MES的方法.首先提出消息中心的框架,具体论述了消息中心中应用的消息机制、事件驱动方式以及事件处理方法;其次根据应用方法的需要,建立消息中心静态模型,并配合MES的Petri Net过程模型,构建消息中心的模型库和规则库,以用于复杂事件处理引擎中进行事件的监测和决策;最后以一个制造系统为实例,验证以消息中心为核心的MES的可用性和柔性.结果证明该方法能够满足可重配MES开发的需求.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.