基于逐层拉开档次法的电能质量综合评价

电力市场环境下,有效的电能质量评价方法十分重要.文中利用逐层拉开档次法进行主客观组合赋权,建立新的区域电网电能质量综合评价模型.首先将区域电网电能质量进行大系统和子系统的层次划分,设计出一套综合评价指标体系,并建立大系统和子系统综合评价函数;然后用序列综合法和拉开档次法确定各层系统的综合权重;最后由综合评价函数得出每层子系统以及大系统的综合评价值,实现区域电网电能质量综合评价.该模型自下而上地考虑和比较区域电网运行状态对综合评价结果的影响,实现了全面、细致、客观的综合评价,应用该综合评价模型对某供电局的变电站电能质量数据进行的实证分析和评价表明,该方法是有效的.     

模糊数学在社会发展综合评价中的应用

为了准确地描述某一地区的社会发展现状,从人口状况、生活水平、公益服务、社会保障4个方面构建评价指标体系,并建立了基于模糊数学的综合评价模型.利用该模型对广东省21个市进行综合评价和类型划分,结果表明,广东省社会经济发展整体水平较高,但地区之间存在显著差距.所得结论与实际情况符合得很好,验证了该模型的可行性和可靠性.     

基于功效系数法的福州市土地利用效益评价

土地利用效益评价是衡量土地利用水平的重要手段.文章以福建省福州市为例,从经济、社会、生态三个方面选取影响因子,建立土地利用效益综合评价指标体系,运用功效系数法模型进行土地利用效益的综合评价.     

煤炭资源生产节约度的模糊综合评价模型及其应用

从"资源-经济-环境"三个维度出发提出了煤炭资源生产节约度的概念,指出生产节约度由开采、洗选加工和综合利用三个独立子系统按照对资源节约的不同贡献率构成;建立了生产节约度的模糊综合评价模型,包括其框架、指标体系和评价方法;利用评价模型对济北矿区2006年的生产节约度进行了计算和横向评价,对比分析结果和矿区实际情况,验证了模型和评价结果的科学性与准确性,并针对矿区生产节约中存在的主要问题提出了改进建议。     

大型现代电网企业经济活动的改进物元组合赋权综合评价模型

基于当前电力市场化改革的复杂环境和国有企业提质增效的政策要求,以省级以上大型现代电网企业作为研究对象,对其经济活动的综合评价问题进行研究.在充分考虑电网企业特征的基础上,构建经济活动综合评价指标体系,通过采用改进物元组合赋权模型(improved combined weighting matter-element,ICWME)对经济活动水平进行综合评价.算例验证结果反映,该改进的物元组合赋权模型有效提高了评价结果的可靠性,实现对电网企业经济活动的科学评价,可为企业未来规划提供合理、科学的发展方向以及方法指导.     

城镇化视角下长江经济带城市生态环境健康评价

随着新型城镇化进程的加快,如何实现城镇化与生态环境协调发展将是长江经济带发展的核心议题.本文以长江经济带的36个城市为研究对象,从生态环境压力、状态、恢复潜力三个维度出发构建生态环境健康评价指标体系,建立熵权综合评价模型,对各城市生态环境健康进行了综合评价.结果表明:长江经济带城市生态环境水平存在明显的空间差异,长江下游城市生态环境综合指数整体高于长江中游和上游.根据长江沿江36个城市生态环境各指标的差异,借助PCA排序对其进行分类,将36个城市大致分为六大类型.最后,利用相关分析探讨城镇化与生态环境压力、状态、恢复潜力等指标的关联性,了解城镇化背景下长江经济带城市生态环境水平的差异,结果表明城镇化与生态环境压力呈现指数曲线变化;长江经济带上、中、下游城市间生态环境与城镇化的耦合特征不同.     

电网运行优化技术研究

电网运行的技术水平及其性能的优劣直接影响到国家电能的利用与经济的发展,本论文在简单分析了当前电网运行现状的基础上,重点对电网运行进行了技术优化分析,从故障智能诊断技术、谐波滤波技术和电网的无功补偿优化技术三个角度进行了技术优化探讨,对于进一步提高电网运行的稳定性与可靠性具有一定的借鉴和指导意义。     

嫦娥三号软着陆预测及优化模型

本文是对2014年全国大学生数学建模竞赛A题的解答.本文利用动力学模型,基于变推力发动机结合螺旋搜索等算法解决了嫦娥三号软着陆预测及优化问题.在问题一中,首先建立物理学模型,解出嫦娥三号着陆准备轨道近、远月点速度大小;然后在主减速阶段,建立了主减速变推力动力学模型,对主减速阶段嫦娥三号所经过的极角θ进行求解,加以考虑月球自转带来的影响,确定着陆准备轨道近月点和远月点的位置以及嫦娥三号在近、远月点的速度方向.在问题二中,建立变推力发动机燃耗优化模型对于问题一中的主减速阶段进行优化;以安全半径与速度增量为指标建立综合评价模型,求出粗避障式安全的降落范围;精避障阶段以保证安全为前提,建立评价指标为不平坦程度与平均坡度的综合评价模型确定精确降落区域.最后根据对每个阶段建立的力学模型,进行求解.最后综合起来确定嫦娥三号的着陆轨道和在6个阶段的最优控制策略.在问题三中,建立误差模型对设计的着陆轨道和控制策略做相应的误差分析,并且利用单因素敏感性分析对主减速阶段与剩余4阶段进行自变量与因变量敏感度计算.     

基于逼近理想解法的第三方物流企业绩效评价与外包决策

利用逼近理想解法(TOPSIS)解决第三方物流企业绩效评价与外包决策问题.通过分析影响第三方物流企业经营状况的因素,确定了评价指标并建立了评价模型.经过对不同的第三方物流企业的经营状况进行了综合评价,结果表明,TOPSIS法更有效地利用了企业经营的历史数据,评价更客观、决策更准确.     

低碳城市评价指标体系构建研究——以北京、济南和兰州为例

应对气候变化,发展低碳经济已成为当下全球所共同面对的核心议题.城市作为最大的碳源和最具减排潜力的区域,迫切需要低碳化转型,建设低碳生态宜居的现代化城市.笔者在综述国内外低碳城市相关理论研究的基础上,从经济、社会和生态环境三个层面出发,运用层次分析法,综合指数法等构建了低碳城市的评价体系模型,并选取了北京、济南、兰州三个城市作为实证对比研究,检验了评价模型的实际效果,对三个城市的低碳发展水平进行了具体评价.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to