用谱学方法研究铜在Fe（CN）^3—6溶液中的腐蚀行为

用ＦＴ－ＩＲ、ＵＶ－Ｖｉｓ和ＸＰＳ等分子光谱和电子能谱方法研究了铜在Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）＾３－６溶液中的腐蚀过程，表面膜的形成及其改性。结果表明，腐蚀膜主要由Ｃｕ＾１＋４Ｆｅ＾Ⅱ（ＣＮ）６（大量）和Ｃｕ＾２＋２Ｆｅ＾Ⅱ（ＣＮ）６（少量）组成，并夹杂有Ｋ４Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）６和Ｋ３Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）６；     

阴离子和酸度对催化电聚合吡咯膜电化学性质的影响

以循环伏安法和现场可见近红外吸收光谱法，研究了催化电聚合吡咯膜（ＰＰｙ）中嵌入的阴离子的类型和溶液酸度对其在水溶液中电化学性质的影响，实验结果表明在０．３Ｖ静止电位下ＰＰｙ在３８０和８２０ｎｍ处有两个吸收峰，不同于非催化电合成聚吡咯。在－０．９～０．２Ｖ电位范围内，聚合过程中掺入膜中的阴离子能与中性水溶液中的阴离子，如Ｔｉｒｏｎ阴离子，Ｃｌ￣－，ＮＯ，ＣｌＯ和ＳＯ离子等可逆地进行电化学嵌入与脱嵌反应；在酸性水溶液中进行阴离子脱嵌和嵌入过程中，当电位达－０．４Ｖ，会发生新的还原反应，从而引起ＰＰｙ结构和吸收光谱时变化。     

某些添加剂对Ti／PbO2电极上ClO4^—离子阳极形成过程的影响

本用分解极化曲线法研究了某些添加剂对Ｔｉ／ＰｂＯ２电极上ＣｌＯ４＾－离子阳极形成过程的影响，研究结果表明，Ｆ＾－，ＣｌＯ４＾－，ＢｒＯ３＾－，Ｂ４Ｏ７＾２－，Ｂａ＾２＋等离子均使ＣｌＯ４＾－的阳极形成电流效率提高，而Ｃｒ２Ｏ７＾２－，Ｓ２Ｏ８＾２－，ＳＯ４＾２－，ＭｏＯ４＾２－，ＩＯ４６－，Ｐ２Ｏ７＾４－，Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）６＾４－，Ｃａ＾２＋和Ｍｇ＾２＋等离子均使电流效率降低，根据假设的机理讨论了使     

密度泛函方法研究了HFe（CO）5^＋中H^＋的电离反应

用密度泛函方法的ＬＤＡ和ＮＬ／ＬＤＡ优化分子片试ＨＦｅ（ＣＯ）５＾＋和Ｍｎ（ＤＣＯ）＾－５的几何结构３，并计算了Ｆｅ（ＣＯ）５的ＮＬ／ＬＤＡ亲子亲合能，其来７５１．６ｋＪ．ｍｏｌ＾－１，介于文献报道的ＨＣＮ和ＮＨ３的质子亲合能之间，解释了Ｆｒ（ＣＯ）５容易从Ｈ２ＣＮ＾＋中得到了质子而难以由ＮＨ＾＋４夺得质子的实验事实。     

复合型纳滤膜的制备及表征

在聚砜基膜上用界面聚合法制备了两种复合型纳滤膜ＰＡ０１和ＰＡ０２。在０．３ＭＰａ下,ＰＡ０１膜对ＭｇＳＯ４溶液和ＦｅＣｌ３溶液的脱直 ９６．０％和７８．０％,水通量分别为８．５（Ｌ．ｍ＾－２．ｈ＾－１）和７．９（Ｌ．ｍ＾－２．ｈ＾－１）;ＰＡ０２膜对ＭｇＳＯ４ｉｐｗｋｉｙｗ （２．０ｇ．Ｌ＾－１）和ＣａＣｌ溶液（０．５ｇ．Ｌ＾－１）的脱盐率分别为９８．０％和８８．８％,水通量分别为１．０（Ｌ。ｍ＾     

氟离子对声致发光的影响

本研究首次观察到在水溶液中溶解有Ｃｌ＾－,ＮＯ３＾－,Ｆ＾－,ＨＣＯ３＾－和ＳＯ４＾－五种阴离子时,只有Ｆ＾－在浓度高于４．０ｍｇ／Ｌ时会对声致发光产生影响,当在４．０ｍｇ／Ｌ￣２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ范围内改变Ｆ＾－的浓度,声致发光强度随Ｆ＾－浓度的增加而下降,Ｆ＾－的引入使得空化区域的低温等离子体的形成变为可以控制。     

［Fe（CN）_5H_2O］~（3－）还原［（NH_3）_5Co（OOCC_5

在μ＝０．１０ｍｏｌ·１￣（－１）（ＬｉＣｌＯ＿４）、ｐＨ＝８．０对不同温度下［Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）＿５Ｈ＿２Ｏ］和［（ＮＨ＿３）＿５Ｃｏ（ＯＯＣＣ＿５Ｈ＿４Ｎ）］￣（２＋）的内配位界电子转移反应进行了动力学研究。在２５℃，双核配合物［（ＮＨ＿３］＿５Ｃｏ（ＯＯＣＣ＿５Ｈ＿４Ｎ）Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）＿５］￣－的分子内电子转移速率常数为３．９×１０￣（－１），分子内电子转移过程的活化焓和活化熵分别为８９．５ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ￣（－１）和６．０Ｊ·ｍｏｌ￣（－１）·Ｋ￣（－１）最后对该反应的机理、速率常数和绝热性进行了讨论。     

Fe_3（Al，Cr，Zr）和Fe_3（Al，Cr，Nb）金属间化合物的高温氧化行为

用循环氧化法研究了Ｆｅ－２８Ａｌ－５Ｃｒ－０．１Ｚｒ（ａｔ％）和Ｆｅ－２８Ａｌ－５Ｃｒ－０．５Ｎｂ（ａｔ％）金属间化合物的高温氧化行为．结果表明，含Ｚｒ的Ｆｅ３（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ）金属间化合物在８００℃、１０００℃、５００ｈ循环氧化后形成一个独特的晶须状氧化物层，微量Ｚｒ能增加氧化物层与基体金属的粘附性，从而提高了该合金的高温抗氧化性能．而含Ｎｂ的Ｆｅ３（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ）金属间化合物在１０００℃、３５０ｈ循环氧化后形成多孔的卷绕状形貌，对Ｆｅ３（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ）金属间化合物的高温抗氧化性没有改善．     

不同电位下催化电合成聚吡咯膜的电化学行为

通过循环伏安法研究了以Ｔ＿ｓＯＨ（对甲苯磺酸），ＨＣｌ＿４，Ｈ＿２ＳＯ＿４，ＮａＣｌＯ＿４和Ｎａ＿２ＳＯ＿４为支持电解质，Ｔｉｒｏｎ为催化剂，在不同电位范围催化电合成聚吡咯（ＰＰＥ／Ｐｔ）和该膜电极在相应支持电解质水溶液中的电化学行为．发现ＰＰＥ／Ｐｔ的ＣＶ图、稳定性和电活性随聚合电位及阴离子种类的变化明显不同于非催化电合成聚吡咯．在０～０．８Ｖ电位范围制得的ＰＰＥ／Ｐｔ的稳定性最好，并随支持电解质的变化按Ｔ＿ｓＯＨ，ＨＣｌＯ＿４，Ｈ＿２ＳＯ＿４，ＮａＣｌＯ＿４和Ｎａ＿２ＳＯ＿４的顺序减小．同时讨论了产生变化的原因．     

活性艳红X—3B氧化脱色的研究

采用Ｆｅｎｔｏｎ试剂对高浓度活性艳红Ｘ－３Ｂ废水进行氧化脱色。研究表明,ＦｅＳＯ４．７Ｈ２Ｏ＝０．４ｇ／ｌ,Ｈ２Ｏ２＝３．０ｍｌ,ｐＨ＝３－５时,３０ｍｉｎ内的脱色率达９５％以上,１２０ｍｉｎ时残留ＣＯＤｃｒ为８７．６ｍｇ／ｌ．Ｆｅｎｔｏｎ试剂的脱色作用。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.