K、Ca、Mg铁酸盐的丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯催化性能研究

采用微波草酸盐共沉淀法制备了K、Ca、Mg铁酸盐催化剂，用BET、XRD、H2-TPR、电导测量等对催化荆进行表征，并研究其对丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯反应的催化性能．结果表明，Ca铁酸盐催化剂表现出较好的丙烷氧化脱氧制丙烯催化性能，873K时丙烷的转化率为23．95％。丙烯的选择性为17．29％．收率是Fe2O3的2倍．     

乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的本征动力学研究

针对ＧＳ－０５催化剂在反应温度为５７０～６２０℃、系统压力为常压、水烃比（重）为２０,１．５,１．３条件下进行了乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯的本征动力学研究,提出了该反应的简化反应网络,求得了各个反应的动力学速度式及有关动力学参数．研究结果表明,ＧＳ－０５催化剂对乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯具有良好的活性和选择性．     

小型乙苯脱氢装置操作条件的考察

在自行设计的小型乙苯脱氢装置上，对过程的适宜操作条件及苯乙烯的分析方法进行了考察，结果表明，在反应温度５８０－６００℃；液空速０．８ｈ＾－１及Ｈ２Ｏ／乙苯为１．５（质量比）的条件下，乙苯单程转化率为４７％－６１％，选择性达到９２％－９３％，这一结果与工业装置的实际生产数据相当吻合，因此，可利用该小型装置对工业生产的操作条件进行模拟，苯乙烯含量的色谱分析与折光指数分析对比显示，两者相当接近，故可采用     

钛硅分子筛催化苯乙烯氧化制苯甲醛

将采用四丙基溴化铵（TPABr）为模板剂、硅溶胶为硅源合成的钛硅分子筛TS－1用于苯乙烯氧化反应。与采用经典法合成的TS－1相比，采用廉价原料合成的TS－1在苯乙烯氧化反应中的活性较低，但苯甲醛选择性高。钛硅分子筛中的骨架钛物种催化苯乙烯转化为苯乙醛，而部分缩合六配位钛物种催化苯乙烯转化成苯甲醛。与丙酮做溶剂相比，苯乙烯氧化反应选用醇类溶剂苯甲醛选择性高，其中，甲醇做溶剂时反应结果最好。V（甲醇）／V（苯乙烯）＝3时，苯乙烯转化率最高，采用廉价原料合成的TS－1催化苯乙烯氧化制得的苯甲醛不含氯，可用于食品工业。     

小型乙苯脱氢装置操作条件的考察

在自行设计的小型乙苯脱氢装置上，对过程的适宜操作条件及苯乙烯的分析方法进行了考察。结果表明，在反应温度田０～６００℃；液空速０．８ｈ￣（－１）及Ｈ＿２Ｏ／乙苯为１．５（质量比）的条件下，乙苯单程转化率为４７％～６１％，选择性达到９２％～９３％，这一结果与工业装置的实际生产数据相当吻合。因此，可利用该小型装置对工业生产的操作条件进行模拟。苯乙烯含量的色谱分析与折光指数分析对比显示。两者相当接近，故可采用相对较为简单的折光指数法测定乙苯脱氢反应液相产物中苯乙烯的含量。     

乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯催化剂工艺条件分析

采用均匀设计进行了乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯催化剂工艺条件对转化率和选择性影响的实验,在此基础上选取出可达到较高转化率和选择性的适宜反应温度、空速、水油比之反应条件。     

甲酸-H_2O_2物系氧化苯乙烯制苯甲酸

在无催化剂的条件下,采用不同物系进行了苯乙烯氧化反应制得苯甲酸的研究.考察了物系种类、H2O2用量、反应温度、反应时间、反应物的加入方式等因素对该反应的影响.结果表明:在甲酸-H2O2物系中,苯乙烯被氧化生成苯甲酸.在此物系中,随甲酸用量的增加,反应时间的延长,反应温度的升高,苯乙烯的转化率升高,苯甲酸的选择性先增加后减小;加料顺序和酸的种类也影响苯乙烯氧化的转化率和选择性.氧化苯乙烯制苯甲酸反应的优化条件为:甲酸-H2O2物系,采用先加入苯乙烯和甲酸再滴加H2O2的加料方式,过氧化氢38.4 mmol,苯乙烯6.4 mmol,甲酸38.4 mmol,反应温度80℃,反应时间5 h.在此条件下,苯乙烯的转化率为100%,苯甲酸的选择性达到91.4%.     

CsFePVMoAs杂多化合物选择性氧化异丁烷的性能

采用组合法制备了CsaFebHxPVMo11As0.4Oy系列Keggin型杂多化合物催化剂，用于异丁烷的选择性催化氧化。采用FFIR、TG—DTA等方法对催化剂进行了表征，探讨了杂多酸盐中Cs、Fe含量对其选择氧化异丁烷的影响。实验表明，反应温度为400℃，烷氧比为2／3时，CsaFebHxPVMo11As0.4Oy对异丁烷的催化性能最好，异丁烷的转化率达30．68％，选择性达32．33％。     

含二苯基吡啶基膦配体的Fe－Rh配合物的合成、测试及催化性能

二苯基吡啶基膦是个优良的双齿配体。用它制得了铁配合物和含铁－铑的双核配合物。铁－铑双核配合物作为甲醇羰基化制乙酸和乙酸甲酯的催化剂，转化率达１００％，选择性为９９％。对铁配合物和铁－铑双核配合物进行了红外、核磁和穆斯堡尔谱测定。     

乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯工业生产过程的模拟与优化

利用建立的乙苯脱氢反应动力学模型 ,对乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯反应过程进行了计算机模拟 ,借助流程模拟软件ASPENPLUS 10.1,在灵敏度分析的基础上确定了苯乙烯生产过程的最佳操作条件。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.