金属板材数字化成形技术

金属板材数字化成形技术是一种用CAD模型直接驱动,实现设计与制造一体化的柔性快速成形方法。该技术采用快速原型制造技术“分层制造”的思想,将复杂的三维形状分解成一系列二维数据,并根据工件的几何形状信息,用三轴数控设备控制一个成形工具头作三维曲线运动,逐层对板材进行塑性加工,使板材逐步成形为所需的工件。     

基于快速成形技术的汽车覆盖件金属模具制造

为获得高质量的汽车覆盖件金属模具 ,提出了基于快速成形 (RP-Rapid Prototyping)技术的快速金属模具制造技术。分析了 RP技术的离散 /堆积成形原理 ,给出了采用RP技术制造非金属原型的工艺过程 ,介绍了基于并行处理技术的超大型 L OM-160 0快速成形系统。该系统采用非线性有限元对凝固过程中铸件的尺寸精度进行数值模拟 ,通过动态信息反馈优化原型尺寸 ,详细介绍了无焙烧陶瓷型精密铸造技术的工艺及机理。基于 RP技术的汽车覆盖件金属模具制造系统是一种全新的闭环控制模具设计与制造系统 ,经实际生产验证 ,取得良好的效果     

超高强钢管气压热成形设备的研究开发

为了满足超高强钢管气压热成形工艺研究的需求,基于高气压热成形原理,轧制技术及连轧自动化国家重点实验室自主设计开发了一套超高强钢管气压热成形设备.该设备利用电阻加热方式对管坯温度进行精确控制,开发了管端部高压密封结构、快速充气系统及液压伺服进给系统;结合模具内部的循环冷却水路设计,高温管件在内高压与轴向进给联合作用下成形,且成形过程中与冷态模具接触被直接淬火,实现了单工位条件下的管件加热、成形及在线淬火功能.实验测试表明,该设备最高充气压力可达40 MPa且密封可靠,温度控制精度为±1℃,管件充气速度连续可调,为超高强钢管气压热成形工艺研究提供了可靠的支持.     

快速成形技术在产品快速开发中的应用

阐述了快速成形技术的技术原理和特点,探讨了快速开发系统的组成和快速成形的几种工艺,以实例说明了快速成形技术在产品快速开发中的作用。     

典型快速成形工艺及成型机选用

介绍了基于离散 /堆积成形思想的快速成形技术 ,分析了SL、LOM、FDM、SLS、TDP等成功实现商业化的典型快速成形工艺各自的特点 ,并提出了快速成形设备选用时应注意的问题和应用快速成形技术的意义。     

基于RP的快速模具制造技术及工艺

快速模具制造技术有广阔的应用前景 ,可以用于新产品开发和小批量生产 ,降低生产成本 ,提高生产率 ,实现批量订制 .本文介绍了典型的快速模具制造技术及工艺 ,其中包括 :直接制造模具的SLS工艺、3D- P工艺、SDM工艺和 DMLS工艺 ,间接制造模具的硅橡胶模工艺、Quick Cast工艺、喷射粘结成形工艺、Keltool工艺、金属冷喷模工艺和电铸工艺 .随着快速模具制造技术的完善 ,快速模具的质量将不断提高 .     

RP技术形成过程及精度分析

对快速成形技术 (RP技术 )的成形过程进行了较完整的数学描述 ,并对离散 -堆积过程进行误差分析 ,为从工艺上优化离散方向 ,降低离散分解误差 ,提高原型精度提供一个理论依据     

快速原型制造技术—金属模具制造的新工艺

叙述了全新的“生长型”制造技术（MIM）－快速原型制造技术的原理及其特点,介绍了几种常用的快速原型工艺,并给出了选择性激光烧结SLS,分层实体制造LOM和熔融堆积成形FDM等 速原型制造技术在金属模具制造中的应用途径,指出了快速原型制造技术在金属模具制造中存在的局限性,并对其发展前景作出展望。     

快速成形技术在人工骨骼制造中的应用

快速成形(Rapid Prototyping,RP)技术可以迅速地将显示于计算机屏幕上的设计转化为可以进一步评估的实物.基于快速成形技术的制造方法融合了制造技术、生物技术、材料技术、信息技术,是一种高级制造形式.可以制造任意形状和结构生物器官,并使之具有生物活性.在人工骨骼制造中,多种快速成形工艺得到了应用与实践.     

基于数字原型和快速成型技术的集成产品开发

汽车产品开发过程是一个典型的集成产品开发过程,要达到优化的目的,在产品开发过程早期,需要能够验证开发结果的有效方法和工具.数字原型(DMU)和快速成形(RP)技术都是验证开发结果的有效方法.因此分析了这2种新技术在汽车工业中应用的先决条件、潜在的利益和障碍,说明如何实现这些技术.最后,根据DMU和RP技术在汽车产品开发过程中的应用,提出一个集成的产品开发过程概念,并讨论了这一概念涉及的诸多技术.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-