B对Zr-Ti-Ni-Cu-Be块状非晶合金热稳定性的影响

利用X射线衍射(XRD)及差热分析(DSC)等方法研究了添加B对Zr Ti Cu Ni Be块状非晶合金的形成、结晶及热稳定性的影响·结果表明:在Zr Ti Cu Ni Be合金系中添加B可明显改变该合金的玻璃转变温度Tg,一次结晶温度Tx及过冷液相区ΔT等参数·当y(B)≤3%时,B的添加可使合金保持块状非晶,提高Tg、Tx并扩大过冷液相区,使非晶热稳定性增加;当y(B)≥6%时,B的添加将诱导大量的粗大Zr2Cu及ZrB2等晶体的析出·由于它们非纳米晶,尺寸较大,形状不规整,不能作为非晶复合材料的增强体·     

Cu_(60)Zr_(29)Ti_(11)大块非晶合金的黏度特征和强液体行为

采用铜模铸造法制备了Cu60Zr29Ti11大块非晶合金,用X射线衍射仪、三点压弯式黏度仪对该非晶合金的动力学性质进行了研究.测定了大块非晶合金Cu60Zr29Ti11在过冷液相区的黏度,得到了它的动力学脆性系数m=31,以及流变激活能E=63.4kJ/mol.表明大块非晶合金Cu60Zr29Ti11是一种强液体,有较强的非晶形成能力,形成非晶比较稳定.分析了合金在过冷态的流变激活能变化规律,发现流变激活能的变化并不符合Kivelson的Super-Arrhenius公式.     

激光脉冲加热条件下Zr基非晶合金晶化及热疲劳行为

采用激光脉冲为热源,对Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5大块非晶合金进行晶化和热疲劳实验．结果表明,晶化可以在低于Tx的温度发生,晶化前和晶化后均可出现热疲劳裂纹;随着加热温度提高和循环次数的增加,样品加热区晶化严重,变形量增加,且疲劳裂纹数量增多．     

Ti42．5Zr7．5Cu40Ni5Sn5块体非晶合金的形成热稳定性与力学行为

采用铜模铸造方法制备了临界尺寸达4mm的Ti42．5Zr7．5Cu40Ni5Sn5块体非晶合金．该合金的过冷液相区△Tx,约化玻璃转变温度Trg,γ判据以及δ判据分别为63．9K,0．561,0．393以及1．400,这表明该合金具有优异的玻璃形成能力．这种Ti基块体非晶合金具有高达2162MPa的压缩强度,同时还有明显的塑性．     

大块金属玻璃Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5在玻璃转变区轧制行为的研究

在玻璃转变区内对大块金属玻璃Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5以不同的轧制率(0％，12.5％，25%，37.5％和50%)进行轧制，用XRD、HRTEM、SEM、DSC和直流四探针法研究了轧制行为对其结构、表面形貌、热性能和相对电阻率的影响．研究结果表明，轧制后的试样仍然保持非晶相，但在非晶基体相中已经出现了一些有序团簇；第一晶化峰的起始温度降低，导致过冷液相区变窄，金属玻璃的热稳定性有下降的趋势；同时，随着轧制率的增加。室温表面相对电阻率表现为先上升、后下降的趋势．     

微量组分(Cr2Ni)对Cu50Zr42Al8大块非晶玻璃形成能力的影响

在水冷铜坩埚中采用铜模吸铸法制备直径为4 mm的Cu50Zr42Al8和(Cu50Zr42Al8)100-x(Cr2Ni)x(x=0、1、2、3、4)合金圆棒.利用X射线衍射(XRD)和差分扫描量热(DSC)分别对合金的结构和非晶形成能力进行研究,结果表明,Cu50Zr42Al8和(Cu50Zr42Al8)98(Cr2Ni)2为完全非晶.(Cu50Zr42Al8)98(Cr2Ni)2具有较高的过冷液相区(ΔTx达65 K)和较大的热稳定性,且为近共晶成份,但其非晶形成能力比Cu50Zr42Al8略有降低.     

晶化分数对Zr基块体非晶基复相材料力学性能的影响

采用脉冲电流预处理外加等温退火,制备得到了具有不同晶化分数的Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5块体非晶基复相材料,并通过x射线衍射法和差示扫描量热法分析材料析出的物相及其晶化分数,通过显微硬度、单轴压缩实验和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究材料的力学性能演变．结果表明：经处理后的合金首先析出准晶相,然后析出Be2Zr,Zr2Cu和FCC等物相;在晶化初期,合金的断裂强度和塑性应变量随晶化分数的增加而增加,当晶化分数为8．2％时,塑性变形量达6．3％．当晶化分数进一步增加时,断裂强度和塑性变形量均快速降低．扫描电子显微镜观察分析结果表明,随晶化分数的增加,合金的断裂模式则由剪切断裂转变为劈裂和解理脆性断裂．实验结果表明通过控制退火时间等参数可优化块体非晶基复相材料的力学性能．     

Ni-Fe-Zr-Si-B非晶合金的形成和热稳定性研究

通过旋铸急冷工艺在真空中制备出了(Ni0.75Fe0.25)78-xZrxSi10B12(x=1、3、5、8、10)合金带材,获得了镍基非晶合金.采用XRD、DTA等测试手段分析了该工艺制备的合金非晶条带,研究了Zr对该合金体系的非晶形成能力和热稳定性的影响.X射线衍射分析表明,该合金体系皆为完全非晶.Diamond TG/DAT差热分析仪对非晶薄带的热稳定性及其相关参数Tg、Tx、Tm等的测量分析表明,该合金系中(Ni0.75Fe0.25)70Zr8Si10B12的过冷液相区温度范围ΔTx达58.62 K,约化玻璃转变温度trg约为0.666,表明该合金具有较高的非晶形成能力和热稳定性.当Zr原子分数较小(x≤8)时,Zr的添加提高Tg、Tx,并扩大过冷液相区ΔTx,使合金的非晶形成能力和热稳定性增加;Zr原子分数较大(x>8)时,Zr的添加诱导富Zr-Ni和Zr-Fe的原子团的形成,这些原子团会成为均质形核的核心,降低合金的非晶形成能力和热稳定性.     

Zr_(55)Cu_(30)Al_(10)Ni_5非晶合金超塑性成形工艺时间

通过Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5非晶合金的差示扫描量热仪(DSC)连续升温和等温退火实验,研究了影响非晶合金超塑性成形工艺时间的三种因素:退火温度,加热速率,退火加工次数.结果表明:退火温度与非晶合金孕育时间存在负指数关系,主要决定了可加工时间的长短,进而影响工艺时间的可选范围;增大加热速率可以一定程度上增大某一退火温度下的孕育时间,延长可加工时间,但是当该退火温度因增大加热速率而超出过冷液相温度区间时,孕育时间达到极大值;多次退火加工会使非晶合金的总体孕育时间出现损失,损失大小与初次退火时间成反比.合理选择退火温度、适度增大加热速率、科学安排加工顺序和过程均有助于在非晶合金超塑性成形加工中延长可加工时间,优化工艺时间,保护材料的非晶特性.     

喷射成形制备La62Al15.7(Cu,Ni)22.3块体非晶合金

采用喷射沉积成形方法制备了La62Al15.7(Cu,Ni)22.3块体非晶合金. 结果表明,沉积态La62Al15.7(Cu,Ni)22.3非晶合金比以往报道的采用甩带法制备的同成分非晶合金具有更大的约化玻璃转变温度和更宽的过冷液相区. 非晶的晶化实验表明,晶化初期多种晶相同时结晶析出. 483K退火时,在非晶基体中析出Al和AlNi. 503K退火时进一步析出La和未知相. La62Al15.7(Cu,Ni)22.3非晶合金在573K退火没有新相产生,合金晶化态组织由Al、AlNi、La和未知相组成.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to