尖萼金丝桃中的(口山)酮成分

 在细胞毒性试验结果指导下,对尖萼金丝桃(Hypericum acmosepaium N.Robson)全株的活性部位进行化学成分提取分离,得到3个(口山)酮类及3个甾醇类成分,通过理化数据测定及波谱数据分析,鉴定其结构,分别是:Calycinoxanthon D(1);Isojacareubin(2);6-Deoxyjacareubin(3);β-谷甾醇(4);豆甾醇(5);豆甾醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(6).化合物(1)~6均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

中药血散薯中非生物碱类化学成分研究

从中药血散薯中分离得到6个非生物碱类化合物,通过波谱技术确定其结构,包括3个甾醇类化合物:β-谷甾醇(1)、豆甾醇(2)和α-波甾醇(3);1个三萜类化合物:β-乳香酸(4);2个黄酮类化合物:芦丁(5)和槲皮素(6)。其中,化合物5和6为首次从千金藤属植物中分离得到,3和4为首次从血散薯中分离得到。     

六月雪化学成分研究

从六月雪中分离得到5个化合物,利用波谱等方法鉴定为5-乙酰基-6-羟基-2-异丙烯苯并呋喃(5-Acetyl-6-hydroxy-2-isopropenylbenzofuran,1);5-乙酰基-0-羟基-2-丙酮苯并呋喃(5-Acetyl-6-hydroxy-2-acetonepenylbenzofuran,2);邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(Diethyl Phthalate,3);β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,4);豆甾醇(Stigmasterol,5),其中化合物(1),(2),(3)为首次从该植物中分得.     

羊脆木的化学成分研究(Ⅰ)

在细胞毒试验结果指导下,采用萃取、柱层析、重结晶等方法,同步对羊脆木(Pittosporum kerrii Craib)枝叶粗提物的有效部位进行化学成分分离纯化得6个单体,通过波谱分析鉴定了结构,分别是α-菠甾醇(α-spinasterol,1),β-豆甾醇(β-stigmasterol,2),熊果醇(uvaol,3),α-菠甾醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(α-spinasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,4),β-豆甾醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(β-stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,5),木犀草素(luteolin,6).化合物1～6均为首次从该植物中分离得到.细胞毒试验表明氯仿及乙酸乙酯提取物,以及从其中分离出来的化合物1、3、6具有细胞毒活性,对HL60细胞的IC50分别为6.5,5.0,10.0,9.5μg/mL和6.0μg/mL.     

壮药青藤仔化学成分研究

采用硅胶、凝胶等柱色谱方法从壮药青藤仔Jasminum nervosum Lour.的茎中分离得到10个化合物,分别为β-谷甾醇(1)、豆甾醇(2)、β-胡萝卜苷(3)、齐墩果酸(4)、3-乙酰基齐墩果酸(5)、蒲公英赛醇(6)、白桦脂酸(7)、蒲公英赛酮(8)、豆甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(9)、2α-羟基齐墩果酸(10)。其中化合物5-8和10为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

青天葵具抗肿瘤活性石油醚部位的成分研究

通过体外抑制肿瘤细胞生长活性筛选确定青天葵95%乙醇(体积分数)提取物及其石油醚萃取部位为抗肿瘤活性部位.综合利用多种色谱手段及重结晶方法从石油醚部位分离得到了8个化合物,并运用理化性质和波谱技术分析确定了化合物结构.其结构分别为:环桉烯醇(cycloeucalenol)(1);豆甾醇(2);谷甾醇(3);熊果酸(4);aurantiamide acetate(5);(20S,22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-3β,5a,6β-triol(6);6-methoxy-cerevisteml(7);和β-胡萝卜苷(8).其中,化合物3、5、6、7和8均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

青天葵石油醚部位的化学成分

本实验采用多种色谱手段及重结晶方法对青天葵石油醚部位的化学成分进行分离纯化,并根据波谱分析和理化常数等方法对化合物进行结构鉴定.共得到了10个化合物,分别为:β-谷甾醇(1)、豆甾醇(2)、6,9,10-三羟基-7E-烯十八烷酸(3)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(4)、豆甾-22-烯-3β,6β,9β-三醇(5)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6α-三醇(6)、3β-羟基豆甾-5,22-二烯-7-酮(7)、3β-羟基豆甾-5-烯-7-酮(8)、橙黄胡椒酰胺乙酸酯(9)、橙黄胡椒酰胺苯甲酸酯(10).其中化合物3、5～8、10为首次从青天葵植物中分离得到.     

半卧狗娃花中的三萜及甾体化合物

从半卧狗娃花(Heteropappus semiprostGriers)全草的乙醇提取物中分离得到了8个三萜及甾体化合物,经红外光谱(IR),质谱(MS),核磁共振谱(NMR)分析及结合标样对照鉴定了它们的结构,分别为:木栓烷-3β-醇-27-酸(1),木栓酮(2),达玛烷-20,24-二烯-3β-醇(3),达玛烷-20,24-二烯-3β-乙酰基(4),α-波甾醇(5),大戟二烯醇(6),β-谷甾醇(7),豆甾醇(8).除了(2)和(7)外,其余化合物均为首次从本属植物中分离得到.     

兔儿伞中甾体成分的研究

兔儿伞中甾体类化学成分的研究,采用硅胶柱色谱及HPLC等色谱技术进行分离纯化,通过理化性质和波谱数据分析鉴定化合物的结构。从兔儿伞全草正己烷萃取物中分离得到5个甾体类化合物,分别鉴定为:β-谷甾醇(1)、?-波甾醇(2)、β-谷甾醇-3-Ο-β-D葡萄糖苷(3)、豆甾醇(4)、7?-羟基谷甾醇(5)。化合物4,5为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

壮药香艾纳的化学成分研究

采用硅胶柱层析方法,对壮药香艾纳95％乙醇提取物的化学成分进行研究,共分离得到7个化合物,根据其理化性质和波谱学数据进行结构鉴定,结果表明分离得到的7个化合物分别为β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ)、豆甾醇(Ⅱ)、β-胡萝卜苷(Ⅲ)、咖啡酸(Ⅳ)、没食子酸(Ⅴ)、槲皮素(Ⅵ)、木犀草素(Ⅶ),其中豆甾醇、β-胡萝卜苷、咖啡酸、没食子酸为首次在该植物中分离得到.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-